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WorksheetsAP Bio: Introduction to Metabolism
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 24mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Metabolism is best described as______
a)
synthesis of macromolecules
b)
breakdown of macromolecules
c)
control of enzyme activity
d)
control of enzyme activity in te synthesis and breakdown of macromolecules
2.
____________describes the general process of breaking down large molecules into samller ones.
a)
metabolism
b)
anabolsim
c)
catabolism
d)
dehydration
3.
True or False: Catabolic pathways consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.
a)
True
b)
False
4.
The transfer of free energy from catabolic pathways to anabolic pathways is best called_____
a)
feedback regulation
b)
energy coupling
c)
entropy
d)
cooperativity
5.
Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?
a)
energy cannot be created or destroyed
b)
entropy of the universe is constant
c)
kinetic energy is stored energy
d)
energy cannot be transferred or transformed
6.
True or False: Anabolic pathways release depend on enzymes and energy to build up polymers from monomers.
a)
True
b)
False
7.
Whenever energy is transformed, there is always an increase in the ______________
a)
free energy and enthalpy of the universe
b)
free energy of the universe
c)
entropy of the universe
d)
enthalpy of the univers
8.
According to the second law of thermodynamics_______
a)
the entropy of the universe is constantly increasing
b)
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
c)
every energy transfer requires activation energy from the environment
d)
the total amount of energy in the universe is conserved or constant
9.
Which of the following is the most randomized form of energy?
a)
light
b)
thermal(heat)
c)
mechanical
d)
electrical
10.
Which of the following would decrease the entropy within a system?
a)
dehydration
b)
hydrolysis
c)
digestion
d)
catabolism
11.
True or False: According to the second law of thermodynamics, life exists at the expense of greater energy than it contains.
a)
True
b)
False
12.
In an organism, the energy available to do work is called free energy because_______
a)
it can be obtained with no cost to the system
b)
the organism can live free of it if necessary
c)
it is available to do work
d)
it can be spent with no cost to the universe
13.
When protein forms from amino acids, the following changes apply.
a)
+H, -S, +G
b)
+H, -S, -G
c)
+H, +S, +G
d)
-H, -S, +G
14.
A chemical reaction that has a positive change in G is correctly described as _____________
a)
endergonic
b)
exergonic
c)
spontaneous
d)
exothermic
15.
True or False: ATP is an important molecule in metabolism.
a)
True
b)
False
16.
ATP generally energizes a cellular process by ___________
a)
releasing heat upon hydrolysis
b)
acting as a catalyst
c)
releasing ribose to drive reactions
d)
direct chemical transfer of a phosphate group
17.
True or False: The regeneration of ATP from ADP and phosphate is an exergonic reaction.
a)
True
b)
False
18.
How can one increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
a)
increase the activation energy needed
b)
cool the reactants
c)
decrease the concentration of reactants
d)
add a catalyst
19.
True or False: Enzymes increase the rate of reaction.
a)
True
b)
False
20.
The active site of an enzyme is the region that __________
a)
binds with the allosteric site
b)
binds with the substrate
c)
binds with allosteric inhibitors
d)
is inhibited by a coenzyme or a cofactor
21.
Increasing the substrate concentration in an enzymatic reaction could overcome which of the following?
a)
allosteric inhibition
b)
competitive inhibition
c)
noncompetitive inhibition
d)
denaturization of the enzyme
22.
A series of enzymes catalyze the reaction X->Y->Z->A. Product A binds to the enzyme that converts X to Y at a position remote from its active site. Tis binding decreases the activity of the enzyme.
a)
Substance X is a coenzyme
b)
Substance A is the substrate
c)
Substance A is an allosteric inhibitor
d)
Substance X is the product
23.
True or False: Location of an enzyme within a specific membrane- enclosed organelle promotes efficiency wit in eukaryotic cells.
a)
True
b)
False
24.
Which of the following terms best describes the reaction?
a)
endergonic
b)
exergonic
c)
spontaneous
d)
allosteric
25.
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because ____________
a)
their enzymes are insensitive to temperature
b)
they use molecules other than proteins as their main catalysts
c)
their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
d)
they are able to maintain an internal temperature much cooler than that of the surrounding water
26.
Wich of the following is true for anabolic pathways?
a)
they do not depend on enzymes
b)
they are usually spontaneous chemical reactions
c)
they consume energy to build polymers from monomers
d)
They release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers
27.
For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law of thermodynamics?
a)
the energy content of an organism is constant
b)
the organism ultimately must obtain all te necessary energy for life from its environment
c)
entropy of an organism decreases with time as the organism grows in complexity
d)
organisms can grow by converting energy into organic matter
28.
True or False: As a consequence of growing, organisms cause a greater increase in entropy in their environment than the decrease in entropy associeated with their growth.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
Which of the following reactions would decrease entropy within a cell?
a)
anabolic
b)
catabolic
c)
diffusion
d)
digestion
30.
Metabolism is _______________
a)
a constant supply of energy from food
b)
an increase of entropy in an organism
c)
all the energy transformation reactions in an organism
d)
biochemical pathways involved in synthesis of macromolecules
31.
True or False: ATP serves as an energy shuttle in the cell, coupling exergonic and endergonic reactions.
a)
True
b)
False
32.
When chemical, transport, or mechanical work is done by an organism, what happens to the heat generated?
a)
powers more cellular work
b)
stored as ATP
c)
released to environment
d)
used to make ADP
33.
What is the ultimate fate of inorganic phophate produced in the cytosol?
a)
secreted as waste
b)
phosphorylated
c)
combined with ADP to regenerate ATP
d)
hydrolyzed to release additional energy
34.
The induced fit model of enzyme activity suggests which of the following?
a)
the binding of substrate depends on the conformation of the active site
b)
the binding of an activator alters the active site to enable binding of products more tightly
c)
binding of substrate changes the conformation of the active site to bind substrate more tightly
d)
binging of competitive inhibitors changes the shape of the active site to bind substrate less tightly
35.
True or False: Severe fever can result in death if not brought under control because it may destroy the primary structure of cellular enzymes.
a)
True
b)
False
36.
The mechanism by which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an earlier step in the pathway is called ___________
a)
metabolic inhibition
b)
feedback inhibition
c)
irreversible inhibition
d)
allosteric regulation
37.
True or False: In addition to regulating enzymes with activators and inibitors, cells also regulate enzyme activity by restricting enzymes to specific organelles or membranes.
a)
True
b)
False
38.
Which of the following is an example of cooperativity?
a)
binding of ATP +substrate in an active site
b)
binding of a molecule to subunit of tetramer to promote faster binding of each neighboring subunit molecules
c)
product of one enzyme in pathway serving as the substrate for next enzyme in the pathway
d)
binding of end product of pathway to enzyme that catalyzes first step of the pathway
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