Worksheetsbio chapter 13 14
Total questions: 41
Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins
The human genome is minimally contained in which of the following?
every human cell
the entire human population
each human gene
the entire DNA of a single human
In the human species, all somatic cells have 46 chromosomes. Which of the following can also be true?
A certain fungal species has only one chromosome per cell.
Some adult humans have 23 chromosomes per cell.
A certain bacterial species has 23 chromosomes
Some adult humans have 69 chromosomes per cell.
A plant species (privet shrubs) has 46 chromosomes per cell.
Which of the following is a true statement about sexual vs. asexual reproduction?
In sexual reproduction, individuals transmit 50% of their genes to each of their offspring.
Asexual reproduction produces only haploid offspring.
In asexual reproduction, offspring are produced by fertilization without meiosis.
Sexual reproduction requires that parents be diploid.
Which of the following defines a genome?
representation of a complete set of a cell's polypeptides
representation of a complete set of a cell's polypeptides
the complete set of an organism's genes
the complete set of an organism's genes
At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes usually photographed in the preparation of a karyotype?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
interphase
The human X and Y chromosomes
are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike.
include genes that determine an individual's sex.
are of approximately equal size and number of genes
include only genes that govern sex determination
The human X and Y chromosomes
are both present in every somatic cell of males and females alike.
include genes that determine an individual's sex.
are of approximately equal size and number of genes
include only genes that govern sex determination
Referring to a plant's sexual life cycle, which of the following terms describes the process that leads directly to the formation of gametes?
sporophyte meiosis
gametophyte mitosis
alternation of generations
sporophyte mitosis
Which of the following best describes a karyotype?
the combination of all the maternal and paternal chromosomes of a species
a display of each of the chromosomes of a single cell
a photograph of all the cells with missing or extra chromosomes
the collection of all the chromosomes in an individual organism
Which of the following happens at the conclusion of meiosis I?
Sister chromatids are separated.
The sperm cells elongate to form a head and a tail end.
The chromosome number per cell is conserved.
Four daughter cells are formed.
Homologous chromosomes are separated.
Chromatids are separated from each other.
The statement is true for meiosis I only.
The statement is true for mitosis and meiosis II.
Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?
=
chromosome replication
synapsis of chromosomes
Which life cycle stage is found in plants but not animals?
gamete
unicellular diploid
zygote
multicellular haploid
Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during
meiosis I.
meiosis II.
Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that
the daughter cells are diploid.
DNA replicates before the division.
the chromosome number is reduced.
sister chromatids separate during anaphase.
Independent assortment of chromosomes occurs.
The statement is true for meiosis II only.
The statement is true for mitosis only.
The statement is true for meiosis I only.
A cell divides to produce two daughter cells that are genetically different.
The statement is true for meiosis I only.
The statement is true for mitosis only.
How do cells at the completion of meiosis compare with cells that have replicated their DNA and are just about to begin meiosis?
They have half the amount of cytoplasm and twice the amount of DNA.
They have half the number of chromosomes and one-fourth the amount of DNA.
After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is
haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of two chromatids.
haploid, and the chromosomes are each composed of a single chromatid.
Which of the following can utilize both mitosis and meiosis in the correct circumstances?
a plantlike protist
an archaebacterium
any diploid animal cell
a diploid cell from a plant stem
A karyotype results from which of the following?
the ordering of human chromosome images
a natural cellular arrangement of chromosomes in the nucleus
the separation of homologous chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis
What do we mean when we use the terms monohybrid cross and dihybrid cross?
A monohybrid cross produces a single progeny, whereas a dihybrid cross produces two progeny.
A monohybrid cross results in a 9:3:3:1 ratio whereas a dihybrid cross gives a 3:1 ratio.
A dihybrid cross involves organisms that are heterozygous for two characters and a monohybrid cross involves only one.
Why did the F1 offspring of Mendel's classic pea cross always look like one of the two parental varieties?
Different genes interacted to produce the parental phenotype.
The traits blended together during fertilization.
One phenotype was completely dominant over another.
What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants?
There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas.
Traits are inherited in discrete units, and are not the results of "blending."
Why did Mendel continue some of his experiments to the F2 or F3 generation?
to observe whether or not a recessive trait would reappear
to observe whether or not the dominant trait would reappear
Which of the following differentiates between independent assortment and segregation?
The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I.
The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis.
The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
Two plants are crossed, resulting in offspring with a 3:1 ratio for a particular trait. What does this suggest?
that the parents were true-breeding for contrasting traits
that each offspring has the same alleles for each of two traits
that a blending of traits has occurred
that the parents were both heterozygous for a single trait
Mendel accounted for the observation that traits which had disappeared in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2 generation by proposing that
traits can be dominant or recessive, and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F1.
the traits were lost in the F1 due to dominance of the parental traits.
Mendel was able to draw his ideas of segregation and independent assortment because of the influence of which of the following?
His experiments with the breeding of plants such as peas and fuchsia.
His discussions of heredity with his colleagues at major universities.
The understanding of particulate inheritance he learned from renowned scientists of his time.
His reading and discussion of Darwin's Origin of Species.
His reading of the scientific literature current in the field.
Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division?
anaphase of mitosis
anaphase I of meiosis
Mendel's second law of independent assortment has its basis in which of the following events of meiosis I?
alignment of tetrads at the equator
synapsis of homologous chromosomes
separation of homologs at anaphase
When crossing an organism that is homozygous recessive for a single trait with a heterozygote, what is the chance of producing an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype?
25%
75%
50%
0%
Which of the following describes the ability of a single gene to have multiple phenotypic effects?
incomplete dominance
epistasis
multiple alleles
pleiotropy
Most genes have many more than two alleles. However, which of the following is also true?
All of the alleles but one will produce harmful effects if homozygous.
At least one allele for a gene always produces a dominant phenotype.
At least one allele for a gene always produces a dominant phenotype.
More than two alleles in a genotype is considered lethal.
There may still be only two phenotypes for the trait.
Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance?
pink flowers in snapdragons
white and purple flower color in peas
the ABO blood group in humans
skin pigmentation in humans
In a cross of a black female with a brown male, results can be either all black puppies, 1/2 black to 1/2 brown puppies, or 3/4 black to 1/4 yellow puppies.
These results indicate which of the following?
There is incomplete dominance.
Brown is dominant to black.
Epistasis is involved.
n a cross of a black female with a brown male, results can be either all black puppies, 1/2 black to 1/2 brown puppies, or 3/4 black to 1/4 yellow puppies.
How many genes must be responsible for these coat colors in Labrador retrievers?
2
1
3
5
Radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. A cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. The part of the radish we eat may be oval or long, with long being the dominant characteristic.
If true-breeding red long radishes are crossed with true-breeding white oval radishes, the F1 will be expected to be which of the following?
red and oval
red and long
purple and oval
purple and long
Radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. A cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. The part of the radish we eat may be oval or long, with long being the dominant characteristic.
In the F2 generation of the above cross, which of the following phenotypic ratios would be expected?
1:1:1:1
1:1:1:1:1:1
6:3:3:2:1:1
Radish flowers may be red, purple, or white. A cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant yields all-purple offspring. The part of the radish we eat may be oval or long, with long being the dominant characteristic.
The flower color trait in radishes is an example of which of the following?
incomplete dominance
epistasis
sex linkage
How many unique gametes could be produced through independent assortment by an individual with the genotype AaBbCCDdEE?
4
8
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