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1st Nine Weeks Exam Review

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below the surface or lava at the surface is called

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

coarse-grained rock

2.

The texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers is described as

a)

foliated

b)

jagged grained

c)

coarse grained

d)

nonfoliated

3.

Igneous rock that formed from lava that erupted onto Earth’s surface is called

a)

extrusive rock

b)

intrusive rock

c)

clastic rock

d)

sedimentary rock

4.

What rock would you find the best fossils in?

a)

metamorphic

b)

sedimentary

c)

igneous

d)

extrusive

5.

A series of processes on Earth’s surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is called

a)

erosion

b)

crystallization

c)

the rock cycle

d)

evaporation

6.

A series of processes on Earth’s surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is called

a)

erosion

b)

crystallization

c)

the rock cycle

d)

evaporation

7.

When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as

a)

extrusive

b)

fine grained

c)

coarse grained

d)

nonbanded

8.

Metamorphic rocks that are nonfoliated

a)

split into layers

b)

have grains arranged randomly

c)

have mineral grains lined up in parallel layers

d)

usually have a rougher texture

9.

Heat and pressure deep beneath Earth’s surface can change any rock into

a)

chemical rock

b)

gemstones

c)

metamorphic rock

d)

sedimentary rock

10.

What rock forms from a layering of weathered sediments?

a)

metamorphic

b)

sedimentary

c)

igneous

d)

intrusive

11.

Igneous rock that cools very quickly when it forms may have a texture that is

a)

smooth and shiny with no visible grain

b)

multicolored and banded

c)

coarse grained

d)

made up of jagged grains.

12.

The process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together is

a)

compaction

b)

cementation

c)

deposition

d)

erosion

13.

The process by which sediment settles(dropped) out of the water or wind carrying it is

a)

compaction

b)

cementation

c)

deposition

d)

erosion

14.

A mineral is inorganic, which means that it contains

a)

compounds

b)

materials made by humans

c)

parts of living things

d)

no materials that were once of living things

15.

Metallic, waxy, glassy, pearly, and earthy are just a few examples of a minerals ______________.

a)

streak

b)

luster

c)

density

d)

hardness

16.

The repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles forms a solid called a(n)

a)

crystal

b)

element

c)

compound

d)

rock

17.

What is the hardest known mineral?

a)

talc

b)

quartz

c)

diamond

d)

gold

18.

Most minerals do NOT split apart evenly. Instead, they have a characteristic type of

a)

cleavage

b)

fracture

c)

crystal

d)

luster

19.

The term used to describe how light is reflected from a mineral’s surface is

a)

fluorescence

b)

streak

c)

density

d)

luster

20.

The softest mineral on the Moh's hardness scale is

a)

quartz

b)

talc

c)

apatite

d)

gypsum

21.

Although brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth’s crust, they are NOT classified as minerals because

a)

they are organic

b)

they are not naturally occurring

c)

they are too hard

d)

they have many uses

22.

Although brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth’s crust, they are NOT classified as minerals because

a)

they are organic

b)

they are not naturally occurring

c)

they are too hard

d)

they have many uses

23.

A mineral is always a(n) ____________________ because it has a definite volume and shape.

a)

gas

b)

liquid

c)

solid

d)

plasma

24.

One way to identify a mineral is to rub it against a piece of unglazed tile to observe its ____________________.

a)

fracture

b)

streak

c)

luster

d)

cleavage

25.

The scale used to test the hardness of a mineral is known as the

a)

Lee’s Hardness Scale

b)

Moh’s Hardness Scale

c)

Roe’s Hardness Scale

d)

Rock Hardness Scale

26.

Which is the least helpful in mineral identification?

a)

cleavage/fracture

b)

hardness

c)

streak

d)

color

27.

Scientist Alfred Wegener theorized that, at one point in time in the history of the planet, all of the continents were joined together into one "supercontinent." What is the name of this "supercontinent."

a)

Narnia

b)

Pangaea

c)

Big Bang Theory

d)

Sea-Floor Spreading

28.

The theory of plate tectonics addresses what phenomenon?

a)

the rotation and revolution of the Earth around the Sun

b)

the layers of the Earth

c)

the movement of Earth's tectonic plates on the soft layer of the mantle

d)

the types of crust on continents and in the ocean.

29.

Scientists collected a variety of information to prove the theory of plate tectonics and specifically, Pangaea. The three main sources of evidence used are fossils, climate and

a)

convection currents

b)

earthquakes

c)

landforms

d)

magnetic field

30.

Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift because

a)

they were afraid of a new idea

b)

Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago

c)

Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis

d)

Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents

31.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

along the edges of all the continents

b)

along mid-ocean ridges

c)

in deep-ocean trenches

d)

at the north and south poles

32.

Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a

a)

landform

b)

landmass

c)

continent

d)

fossil

33.

What happens when a tectonic plate subducts?

a)

it explodes

b)

it moves under a stronger, more rigid plate back into the mantle

c)

it moves past the other plate

d)

it moves over the other plate.

34.

The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of

a)

subduction

b)

deep ocean basin

c)

plate tectonics

d)

sea-floor spreading

35.

Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called

a)

rock

b)

volcanic ash

c)

magma

d)

liquid fire

36.

The three forms of evidence that prove sea-floor spreading occurs are magnetic stripes, drilling samples and

a)

molten material

b)

igneous rocks

c)

granite

d)

lava

37.

A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and definite chemical composition

a)

rock

b)

diamond

c)

mineral

d)

glass

38.

something not formed from living things or the remains of living things

a)

organic

b)

luster

c)

streak

d)

inorganic

39.

a solid repeating pattern of a mineral's particles

a)

solid

b)

talc

c)

crystal

d)

diamond

40.

something that has a definite volume and shape

a)

solid

b)

liquid

c)

gas

d)

rock

41.

The term meaning something that is made up of certain elements

a)

crystal structure

b)

liquid

c)

periodic table

d)

chemical composition

42.

the color of a minerals powder when rubbed against a porcelain plate

a)

luster

b)

hardness

c)

color

d)

streak

43.

how light is reflected from a minerals surface

a)

cleavage

b)

luster

c)

fracture

d)

heft

44.

a minerals ability to split easily along a flat surface

a)

streak

b)

fracture

c)

cleavage

d)

luster

45.

used to test the hardness of a mineral (1 - 10)

a)

Roh's scale

b)

Moh's Hardness Scale

c)

Density chart

d)

Seismograph

46.

the amount of matter in a given space represented by the formula D = mass(m)/volume(v)

a)

density

b)

specific gravity

c)

streak

d)

hardness

47.

the process of determining a minerals weight by feel (holding it in your hands)

a)

balance

b)

denisty

c)

heft

d)

triple beam balance

48.
Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of
a)
seismic waves 
b)
rock samples
c)
liquid iron
d)
volcanic eruption
49.
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
a)
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle   
b)
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust   
c)
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core 
d)
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
50.
Earth’s inner core is
a)
a dense ball of solid metal
b)
a layer of molten metal
c)
a layer of hot rock
d)
a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.
51.
When you touch a hot pot or pan, energy moves from the pot to your hand. This is called
a)
magnetic energy
b)
indirect evidence
c)
subduction
d)
heat transfer
52.
The transfer of energy through empty space is called
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
d)
subduction
53.
Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by 
a)
convection currents
b)
radiation
c)
conduction
d)
density
54.
According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift, 
a)
Earth’s surface is made up of seven major landmasses
b)
the continents do not move
c)
Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking
d)
the continents were once joined together in a single landmass
55.

What is Pangaea?

a)

the name of a German scientist

b)

the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago

c)

another name for continental drift

d)

the name of an ancient fossil

56.
Which type of evidence was NOT used by Alfred Wegener to support his continental drift hypothesis?
a)
evidence from landforms
b)
evidence from fossils
c)
evidence from human remains
d)
evidence from climate
57.
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift because 
a)
they were afraid of a new idea
b)
Wegener was interested in what Earth was like millions of years ago
c)
Wegener used several different types of evidence to support his hypothesis
d)
Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents
58.
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts 
a)
along the edges of all the continents
b)
along mid-ocean ridges
c)
in deep-ocean trenches
d)
at the north and south poles
59.
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by 
a)
conduction
b)
earthquakes
c)
convection currents in the mantle
d)
Earth's magnetic field
60.
The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of
a)
subduction
b)
plate tectonics
c)
deep-ocean
d)
sea-floor spreading
61.
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a 
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
deep-ocean trench
c)
rift valley
d)
mountain range
62.
Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a 
a)
landform
b)
continent
c)
fossil
d)
landmass
63.
The place where two plates come together is known as a 
a)
transform boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
convergent boundary
d)
rift valley
64.
Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is called 
a)
shearing
b)
tension
c)
compression
d)
deformation
65.
In a normal fault, the part of the fault that lies below the other part is called the 
a)
hanging wall
b)
reverse fault
c)
footwall
d)
anticline
66.
Which type of stress force produces reverse faults? 
a)
sheairng
b)
tension
c)
compression
d)
deformation
67.
The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the 
a)
syncline
b)
footwall
c)
epicenter
d)
focus
68.
The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the ground like an accordion are called   
a)
S waves
b)
P waves
c)
Surface waves (L)
d)
Mercalli waves
69.
S waves are also known as 
a)
primary waves
b)
secondary waves
c)
surface waves (L)
d)
focus waves
70.
Which scale would most likely be used to tell how much earthquake damage was done to homes and other buildings? 
a)
the Richter scale
b)
the Mercalli scale
c)
the moment magnitude scale
d)
the seismic scale
71.
What does a seismograph record? 
a)
the Mercalli scale for rating an earthquake
b)
the speed of seismic waves
c)
the ground movements caused by seismic waves
d)
the location of the epicenter
72.
If the Coast Guard warns of a giant wave of water approaching the shore as a result of a major earthquake, they are warning of 
a)
an aftershock
b)
liquefaction
c)
a tsunami
d)
landslides
73.
A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level is called a 
a)
syncline
b)
plateau
c)
canyon
d)
fault
74.
What type of earthquake wave can travel through both liquids and solids? 
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
c)
focus
75.
The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the 
a)
Richter scale
b)
moment magnitude scale
c)
mechanical seismograph
d)
Mercalli scale

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