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Biology Mid-term

Total questions: 57

Worksheet time: 3hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Unit 2: What is the chemical formula for Photosynthesis?

a)

C6H12Og+6O2 --> 6CO2+6H2O+Sunlight

b)

C6H12Og+6O2 --> 6CO2+6H2O+ATP Energy

c)

6CO2+6O2+Sunlight --> C6H12Og+6H2O

d)

6CO2+6H2O+Sunlight --> C6H12Og+6O2

2.

Unit 2: Which of the following is NOT the function of a lipid?

a)

Stores energy

b)

Used as an energy source

c)

Makes up the cell membrane

d)

Provides Insulation

3.

Unit 3: Is the cell Hypertonic, Hypotonic, or Isotonic to the solution? In which direction will the water move?

a)

Isotonic, no movement

b)

Hypertonic, water goes into the cell

c)

Isotonic, water goes out of the cell

d)

Hypertonic, water goes out of the cell

e)

Hypotonic, no movement

4.

Unit 3: What is the function of cholesterol?

a)

Lines blood vessels

b)

Sticks the fatty acid tails together

c)

Regulates what goes in and out of the cell

d)

Keeps fatty acid tails from sticking together

5.
Which of the following groups contains only molecules that are assembled from smaller organic compounds?
a)
protein, water, DNA, fats
b)
proteins, starch, carbon dioxide, water
c)
proteins, carbon dioxide, DNA, starch
d)
proteins, DNA, fats, starch
6.
Which of the following groups contains only molecules that are assembled from smaller organic compounds?
a)
protein, water, DNA, fats
b)
proteins, starch, carbon dioxide, water
c)
proteins, carbon dioxide, DNA, starch
d)
proteins, DNA, fats, starch
7.
Which of these characteristics best describes a difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
a)
eukaryotic DNA has deoxyribose, and prokaryotic DNA has ribose
b)
eukaryotic DNA is free floating in the cell, and prokaryotic DNA is in a nucleus
c)
eukaryotic cell reproduces asexually, and prokaryotic cells reproduce sexually
d)
eukaryotic cells are usually larger and more complex than prokaryotic
8.
Which macromolecules has a structure made up of an amino acid chain?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
nucleic acid
c)
protein
d)
lipid
9.

The main function of this macromolecule Carbohydrates is _____.

a)

Fatty Acids

b)

Transports substances in and out the cell

c)

Short term energy

d)

Sleep

10.

Destroys harmful substances or worn-out cell parts.

a)

Rough ER

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Lysosomes

11.

Protects DNA

a)

Rough ER

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Lysosomes

12.

Active transport

a)

Requires Energy

b)

Requires NO Energy

13.

Causes the cell to shrivel.

a)

Osmosis

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Hypertonic Solution

d)

Diffusion

14.

What is the transport of water across the cell membrane called?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Osmosis

15.

The process of removing the substance from the cell using a vesicle.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Exocytosis

d)

Osmosis

16.

The process many autotrophs go through to convert solar energy into chemical energy.

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Osmosis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Enzyme

17.

The process that requires oxygen is?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Aerobic

c)

Lactic Acid

d)

Inner membrane

18.

A byproduct of anaerobic respiration in humans.

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Aerobic

c)

Lactic Acid

d)

Inner membrane

19.
The main function of chloroplasts is:
a)
To control what enters and leaves the cell.
b)
To break down food to release energy for the cell.
c)
To control all activities of the cell.
d)
To produce food for the cell using the sun's energy.
20.
Stores genetic information and carries out protein synthesis
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
21.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
22.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
23.
Includes collagen, hemoglobin and insulin
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
24.
Waterproofs, insulates, and stores energy long-term
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
25.
A molecule that diffuses down a concentration gradient goes from an area of ______ concentration into an area of ______ concentration.
a)
high, low
b)
low, high
c)
passive, active
d)
active, passive
26.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
27.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
28.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Mitosis

29.
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ___________. 
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
30.
This is a picture of
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
chloroplast
d)
mitochondria
31.

The diagram represents a cell as seen under the electron microscope.


What type of cell is this?

a)

Animal cell - outer layer is the cell membrane

b)

Bacterium - no chromosomes are visible

c)

Plant cell - cytoplasm is visible

d)

Plant cell - cell wall is visible

32.

In an enzyme action, where is the active site and where are the lock and the key?

a)

Active site - on the enzyme ; Key - on the substrate; Lock - on the enzyme

b)

Active site - on the enzyme ; Key - on the enzyme; Lock - on the substrate

c)

Active site - on the substrate ; Key - on the enzyme; Lock - on the substrate

d)

Active site - on the substrate ; Key - on the substrate; Lock - on the enzyme

33.

What happens to an enzyme when it denatures?

a)

The activation energy of the reaction is doubled.

b)

The activation energy of the reaction is lowered.

c)

It's optimal conditions for temperature of the enzyme are doubled.

d)

The shape of the enzyme molecule is changed.

34.

Enzymes in your body probably work best at which of the following temperatures>

a)

25oC

b)

98oC

c)

37oC

d)

210oC

35.

Most enzymes are composed of .....

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

36.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
37.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

38.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

39.

Why must transcription occur where DNA can be found?

a)

because DNA can't leave

b)

because ribosomes are in the nucleus

c)

because DNA polymerase is found there

d)

because helicase unzips the DNA

40.

Which of the following is a codon?

a)
b)

ATG

c)

AUG

d)

AUT

41.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

42.

TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT

a)

AUGCAAUGA

b)

ATGCAATGA

c)

AUGGATUGA

d)

TACGTTACT

43.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
44.

Choose the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA strand that would be complementary to the following DNA strand:

GTAGTCA

a)

UATUAGA

b)

ACGACTG

c)

CAUCAGU

d)

CATCAGT

45.

What causes a stem cell to differentiate into a particular specialized cell?

a)

The DNA is copied and the cell goes through the process of mitosis.

b)

A specific set of chemical signals activate cell specific genes within the stem cell.

c)

Mutations build up in the cells as they start to divide, resulting in a variety of different specialized cells

d)

Each cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.

46.
The green color of tree leaves is due to the green light energy reflected from ______.
a)
Auxins
b)
Carbon Dioxide
c)
Chlorophyll
d)
Gibberellins
47.
Osmosis is the movement of... 
a)
salt 
b)
sugar 
c)
water 
d)
none of these 
48.
What type of transport is illustrated?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
49.

The graphic shown here is called a

a)

PCR

b)

DNA fingerprint

c)

electrophoresis gel

50.

Which suspect left the blood stain?

a)

Bob

b)

Sue

c)

John

d)

Lisa

51.

Which man is the actual father of the child?

a)

"Dad" 1

b)

"Dad" 2

c)

"Dad" 3

52.

Use your codon chart to match the mRNA CUU to the correct amino acid

a)

VAL

b)

TYR

c)

LEU

d)

PHE

53.
The Human Genome Project has made diagnosing genetic disorders easier.Once a genetic disorder is diagnosed, ____ can be used as a possible treatment.
a)
cell cultures
b)
gene therapy
c)
DNA fingerprinting
d)
PCR
54.
What is recombinant DNA?
a)
Adding DNA from one organism into the DNA of another
b)
DNA which has been changed over generations by natural selection
c)
DNA that causes genetic disorders
d)
DNA that has been sequenced
55.

Which of the following is an example of a GMO

a)

Bt Corn

b)

Black Lab Puppies

c)

Dolly the sheep

56.

What type of mutation is shown in the diagram?

a)

Point mutation - missense

b)

Frameshift Mutation - deletion

c)

Frameshift Mutation - addition

d)

Point mutation - nonsense

57.
Buffer is defined as
a)
ability to resist pH change
b)
ability to prevent pH from decreasing
c)
ability to resist a pH increase
d)
ability to resist pH change when small amount of acid added

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