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Unit 2.1 Extra Credit

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is a watershed?
a)
One body of water that drains into a larger body of water
b)
A flowing river that empties into the ocean
c)
A collection of water underground that can be used as a water supply
d)
An area of land that drains into a specific body of water
2.

Bacteria is one of the main pollutants of concern in our watershed. What is the source of most pathogenic (harmful) bacteria that gets into our waters?

a)

Animal waste products or human sewage

b)

Sediment or dirt

c)

Trash

d)

Fertilizers

3.
Excess nutrients can be harmful to our watershed. Where do excess nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, typically come from?
a)
Sediment or dirt
b)
Trash
c)
Oil and chemical spills
d)
Overuse of fertilizers
4.
How do most pollutants typically get into our watershed?
a)
Factories dump pollution into creeks and rivers
b)
All of our wastewater goes into creeks and rivers
c)
Runoff from heavy rain carries it into creeks and rivers
d)
Oil spills leak into creeks and rivers
5.
Pet owners should pick up pet waste instead of leaving it on the ground. How can this help protect our watershed?
a)
It prevents bacteria from getting into our water
b)
It keeps the water from getting muddy
c)
It helps the water smell clean
d)
It prevents certain species of fish from overpopulating
6.

Excess nutrients in the water can be harmful, because they lead to -

a)

High levels of sediment

b)

Pathogenic (disease causing) bacteria

c)

Low dissolved oxygen levels

d)

Harmful mutations in fish and frogs

7.

Why should we be concerned with runoff water from neighborhood and city streets that goes into storm drains?

a)

Excess water in storm drains can host alligators and other dangerous animals

b)

The water that goes into storm drains can flood houses and businesses

c)

Water that goes into storm drains isn't usually cleaned before it goes into the watershed

d)

Water flowing into underground storm drain systems can form caves and cause subsidence

8.

How might a concrete septic tank cause problems in the watershed?

a)

The tank or its pipes could crack and leak sewage, which could pollute the groundwater

b)

Harmful chemicals from the concrete can soak into the soil and be washed into creeks

c)

The force of the heavy tank could force water out of the aquifer and cause subsidence

d)

The toxic chemicals in the tank could kill nearby plants and lead to soil erosion

9.

High levels of sediment in the water can be harmful to aquatic plants and animals. Which of these human activities can lead to soil erosion?

a)

Using fertilizer on lawns and crops

b)

Causing high concentrations of pet waste or animal manure

c)

Construction of new neighborhoods and businesses

d)

All of these choices

10.

One of the most effective ways to prevent soil erosion is to -

a)

Cover bare soil with concrete or bricks

b)

Spray fertilizer on the soil

c)

Plant grasses, shrubs, and trees in the soil

d)

Put fences around all areas of bare soil

11.

Which of these choices is a good example of nonpoint source pollution?

a)

A factory releases harmful liquid chemicals

b)

A river has high levels of sediment

c)

A blockage in a sewer system causes an sewage overflow onto the street

d)

A tanker truck spills 800 gallons of chemicals onto the highway

12.

Which of these choices is a good example of point source pollution?

a)

An area in the ocean has high levels of nutrients

b)

A creek has high levels of bacteria

c)

Plastic trash is floating in the river

d)

Waste from a coal mine is leaking into a local creek

13.

Pollution can enter our groundwater when -

a)

Pollution spilled on the surface percolates down through soil and rocks

b)

Underground storage tanks crack and leak

c)

Underground sewer and septic pipes crack and leak

d)

All of these

14.

Urban and suburban developments lead to more asphalt, concrete, and rooftops, which leads to more -

a)

Runoff

b)

Soil erosion

c)

Pollution in our watershed

d)

All of these

15.

We pump water out of underground aquifers to use for drinking water. How does water get into aquifers?

a)

Water from the Earth's mantle bubbles up through the crust to the aquifers

b)

We pump our filtered wastewater underground to refill the aquifers

c)

Cracks and crevices in the permeable recharge zone allow water to percolate down

d)

All of these

16.

What is likely to cause an area of land to sink down over time?

a)

Unusually high activity of gophers and moles

b)

Removing too much oil and coal from underground

c)

Pumping too much water from the aquifer

d)

Water pollution, such as bacteria, nutrients, or sediment

17.
This is the process of dropping sediment in a new location.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
18.
The driveway is long and winding because it bends around a huge old oak tree. The pavement near the tree bulges upward and has many more cracks than the other sections of the driveway
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
19.
When camping in west Texas, we wake one morning to discover that our car and tent are covered with a thin layer of sand. 
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
20.
This is the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
21.
A beautiful display of bluebonnets bloomed along the bank of the river, but after the storm last night, the flowers and a large section of the soil in which they grew is gone.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
22.
When we walk along the seashore, we look for shark teeth in the sand. Sometimes we also find unbroken sand dollars, too. 
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
23.
We love to go rock climbing on the rugged cliffs in the mountains, but our first challenge is to scramble up the large pile of sand and pebbles at the base of the cliff.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
24.
When it rains, the water flows across our pasture into this sunken area. We think that there is a cave under our pasture. 
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
25.
The homeowner had clearly labored hard to hold the steep hillside in place by constructing a stone wall, but sometimes the wind blows sand and soil down the hillside.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
26.
This is the process of moving sediment from one place to another.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
27.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
28.
Which of the following describes large areas of ground that fall or flow on slopes due to gravity?
a)
floods
b)
hurricanes
c)
landslides
d)
wildfires
29.
Where are hurricanes most likely to do the most damage?
a)
Near the coast
b)
In the forest
c)
In a desert
d)
On the North Pole
30.
What catastrophic event would be of greatest risk to a grassland?
a)
hurricane
b)
flood
c)
tsunami
d)
wildfire
31.
What catastrophic event results in destruction along a narrow path?
a)
a volcanic eruption
b)
a tsunami
c)
a hurricane
d)
a tornado
32.
What catastrophic event can be caused by thunderstorms?
a)
a wildfire
b)
a tsunami
c)
a volcanic eruption
d)
a drought
33.
How are tsunamis generated?
a)
generated from earthquakes
b)
generated from tornadoes
c)
generated from crazy people
34.
Another name for a hurricane in the Indian Ocean
a)
Tornado
b)
Tsunami
c)
Typhoon
d)
Blizzard
35.
What is the major cause of weathering and erosion to form canyons?
a)
wind
b)
ice
c)
glaciers
d)
moving water
36.
The process of breaking up rocks on Earth's surface is called...
a)
sediment
b)
erosion
c)
weathering
d)
deposition 
37.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place
b)
makes the rocks last longer
c)
expands in the cracks and breaks rocks
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides
38.
Which natural disaster uses the Richter scale to measure strength? 
a)
Earthquake
b)
Tornado
c)
Tsunami
d)
Hurricane
39.
A prolonged period lacking rainfall that leads to a shortage of water.
It hadn't rained for three months straight and the _________ began to kill our crops. 
a)
Forest Fire
b)
Epidemic
c)
Heatwave
d)
Drought
40.
Which storms have the strongest winds?
a)
hailstorms
b)
tornadoes
c)
earthquakes
d)
hurricanes
41.
Which of the following natural disasters have had the LEAST impact on TEXAS
a)
hurricanes
b)
floods
c)
tornadoes
d)
earthquakes
42.
Which of the following natural disasters have the MOST impact on TEXAS?
a)
hurricanes
b)
floods
c)
tornadoes
d)
earthquakes
43.
What catastrophic event would be of greatest risk to a coastal area?
a)
hurricane
b)
drought
c)
none of the above
d)
all of the above
44.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
45.
Where do hurricanes form?
a)
In a river or stream
b)
Over the ocean
c)
At plate boundaries
d)
Under the Earth
46.

If a gas tank has a leak, how will it effect groundwater?

a)

gasoline will not effect it

b)

rainwater will enter the tank

c)

leaking gas will contaminate the ground water

d)

water will be pumped out of groundwater

47.

A student pours 500ml into a stream table and collects the water runoff. The runoff is measured at 400ml. What conclusion is best supported by the experiment?

a)

some precipitation is absorbed into the soil

b)

all precipitation flows into the oceans

c)

most precipitation falls is water in the form of a liquid

d)

modeling rainstorms using a water table has no limitations

48.

Dumping liquid waste should be avoided in recharge zones because liquid waste may directly enter the groundwater

a)

true

b)

false

49.

in our edible aquifer, the food coloring was the pollution. As it was moving around the gravel/ sprinkles, what was it showing?

a)

condensation

b)

surface runoff

c)

pollution of groundwater

d)

conservation of groundwater

50.

How do industrial, agricultural, and residential areas of humans affect groundwater?

a)

the areas prevent the water from evaporating

b)

the activities replace the grounwater used

c)

all of the above

d)

pollutants from the areas move through the soil and enter the water

51.

how does deposition affect the barrier islands on the texas gulf coast?

a)

ocean waves crash over the islands

b)

ocean waves DEPOSIT sand and debris on the ocean facing side of the islands

c)

ocean currents wash sand off of the coast and back into the ocean

d)

strong winds from the ocean carry sand away

52.

If I have a bottle filled with soil and one with vegetation. The one with vegetation will have very little erosion

a)

true

b)

false

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