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2019 Business Principles-Unit 2 Common Assessment Test Bank

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Into what two categories can wants be divided?

a)

unlimited and limited

b)

unlimited and economics

c)

economic and non-economic

d)

unlimited and non-economic

2.

Seeing a movie at a theater would be considered a(n) __________ want.

a)

economic

b)

unlimited

c)

limited

d)

non-economic

3.

Friendship would be considered a(n) __________ want.

a)

economic

b)

limited

c)

unlimited

d)

non-economic

4.

Which of the following groups of words best describes wants:

a)

limited, changing, and compensating

b)

unlimited, changing, and competing

c)

limited, unchanging, and competing

d)

unlimited, unchanging, and compensating

5.

Water and air are examples of __________ resources, while people are considered to be __________ resources.

a)

natural, human

b)

physical, mental

c)

capital, human

d)

mental, natural

6.

In economics, capital goods include

a)

labor and management

b)

mental and physical work

c)

buildings and equipment

d)

trees and water

7.

Why are resources considered limited?

a)

everyone has them, and they change

b)

there are not enough available for everyone to have as much of the as desired

c)

there are so many that people must decide which ones to choose at any one time

d)

entrepreneurs do not invest enough of them

8.

A gap between unlimited wants and limited resources creates

a)

economics

b)

resources

c)

wants

d)

scarcity

9.

Michelle is trying to decide which goods and services to purchase so that she can get maximum satisfaction. Michelle is

a)

creating scarcity

b)

economizing

c)

a producer

d)

increasing distribution

10.

John only had $40 to spend and couldn’t decide whether to buy a new pair of jeans or to go to an amusement park. He finally decided to spend his money on the amusement park. What was the opportunity cost of his decision?

a)

new pair of jeans

b)

$40

c)

trip to amusement park

d)

no opportunity cost was involved

11.

A manager is willing to accept the production of fewer products as long as her workers produce higher quality products. The manager is making a(n)

a)

exchange

b)

trade-off

c)

capital good

d)

distribution

12.

What are the three basic economic questions?

a)

When will products be produced, how will products be produced, and how will products be

b)

When will products be produced, what products will be produced, and how will products be

c)

What products will be produced, how will products be produced, and how will products be

d)

Where will products be produced, when will products be produced, and what products will

13.

The heart of economics is

a)

trade-offs

b)

wants

c)

resources

d)

decision making

14.

Which of the following is the best reason for studying economics:

a)

to find the best use for resources and supplies

b)

to determine which occupations interest you

c)

to learn how to invest money and express social responsibility

d)

to prepare for effective decision making and responsible citizenship

15.

The ultimate goal of all economic activity is

a)

consumption

b)

production

c)

exchange

d)

distribution

16.

In order for consumption to occur, goods and services must be

a)

improved

b)

specialized

c)

exchanged

d)

produced

17.

What do consumers, producers, and the owners of resources do with money payments to create a flow of resources, goods, services, and money payments?

a)

exchange

b)

produce

c)

distribute

d)

consume

18.

Distribution examines how income is divided between

a)

consumers and producers

b)

consumers and resource owners

c)

producers and resource owners

d)

producers and economizers

19.

Consumers are typically most willing to pay more for goods and services that bring them greater

a)

poplularity

b)

satisfaction

c)

opportunity costs

d)

trade-offs

20.

Two factors involved in determining the value of a resource, good, or service are

a)

demand and desires

b)

availability and trade-offs

c)

availability and demand

d)

productivity and opportunity costs

21.

To provide utility, a product must

a)

be innovative

b)

be economical

c)

look appealing

d)

provide satisfaction

22.

A fixed value in a mathematical formula and the speed of light in science are examples of

a)

constants

b)

layaway

c)

utility

d)

the marketing concept

23.

Individual customers view products through

a)

corporate filters

b)

personal lenses

c)

constant lenses

d)

general viewpoints

24.

A product that provides utility for one business may provide none for another business because utility is completely

a)

constant

b)

irrelevant

c)

relative

d)

unchanging

25.

To discover a product’s level of utility, businesses measure the consumer’s

a)

perspective

b)

satisfaction

c)

attitude

d)

desire

26.

Changing a good’s form involves which of the following:

a)

getting the good to the retailer

b)

adding a new feature to the good

c)

making sure the good is available early

d)

providing an easy way to buy the good

27.

Task utility is about making changes to the characteristics of a

a)

job

b)

project

c)

service

d)

good

28.

Kara orders a dress for her school dance on Saturday. If the dress doesn’t arrive until the next Monday, it has no ________ utility.

a)

time

b)

form

c)

possession

d)

place

29.

Where a product is available for purchase is referred to as

a)

the right location

b)

the setting

c)

place utility

d)

product display

30.

In possession utility, a consumer finds a product helpful after doing what?

a)

using the product

b)

upgrading the product

c)

buying the product

d)

advertising the product

31.

The marketing concept is all about the

a)

marketer

b)

wholesaler

c)

customer

d)

retailer

32.

What role does utility play in the implementation of the marketing concept?

a)

a delivery process

b)

a payment process

c)

a cost-saving tool

d)

a satisfaction gauge

33.

Marketers are in charge of

a)

manufacturing new products

b)

studying and analyzing customer satisfaction

c)

maintaining adequate stock levels throughout the year

d)

making sure that the finished product gets where it needs to be

34.

For a consumer to be satisfied, the four types of utility must be

a)

promoted

b)

profitable

c)

produced

d)

present

35.

It’s important for businesses to provide products when

a)

customers need them

b)

it's convenient for the business

c)

marketers need them

d)

it's convenient for retailers

36.

With place utility, when do businesses move the product to the right place?

a)

at the end of the process

b)

at every point in the process

c)

whenever they can

d)

when delivery costs are low

37.

Marcus wants to buy a laptop, but he can’t afford one right away. So, an electronics store holds it for him until he’s able to pay the outstanding balance. This payment process is known as

a)

layaway

b)

a business discount

c)

credit

d)

a loan

38.

If a customer can’t afford a product, a business should

a)

suggest that the customer visit another store

b)

focus on customers who can afford it

c)

encourage the customer to buy something else

d)

do whatever it takes to help the customer afford it

39.

When Jacqueline doesn’t feel like going to the store to buy her textbooks, she orders them online. Which type of utility does this illustrate?

a)

form/task

b)

time

c)

place

d)

possession

40.

The Internet creates/enhances form utility by

a)

offering online shopping

b)

providing mp3s as an alternative to CDs

c)

providing customers with product infomation

d)

allowing goods to be found and purchased quickly

41.

Marcy is ready to buy a new computer, and she has saved up enough money to buy the model she wants. Which of the following describes the quantity that Marcy is prepared to buy:

a)

demand

b)

elasticity

c)

supply

d)

market price

42.

Jeremy has $15,000 to spend on a new car. He found a car that cost $14,500, but he did not think the car was worth more than $12,000. The dealer told Jeremy that he has not been able to sell this model because other customers have expressed the same opinion as Jeremy. Does demand for this car exist?

a)

yes, because consumers like the car but don't buy it

b)

yes, because consumers think the car is worth $12,000.00

c)

no, because consumers do not have the buying power to purchase this car

d)

no, because consumers are not willing to pay the price being asked for this car

43.

The quantity of a good or service that producers are able and willing to offer for sale at a specified price in a given period of time is

a)

quantity demanded

b)

quantity sold

c)

demand

d)

supply

44.

When the price of DVD players increases, the quantity of DVD players offered for sale will increase. This is an example of the law of

a)

supply

b)

cost of production

c)

demand

d)

standardization

45.

Your business is selling more and more large-screen televisions each month. Applying the law of supply and demand, what do you expect to happen to the price and supply of these televisions over the next few months?

a)

the price will decrease, and supply will increase

b)

the price will decrease, and supply will decrease

c)

the price will increase, and supply will decrease

d)

the price will increase, and supply will increase

46.

A local neighborhood has many houses for sale at a low price, but demand for the houses is low. What kind of market most likely exists in the neighborhood?

a)

seller's

b)

buyer's

c)

inelastic

d)

discretionary

47.

Which of the following is characteristic of a seller’s market:

a)

small demand

b)

high prices

c)

low profits

d)

large supply

48.

Marc wants to figure out how much changes in price will affect his business’s sales, so he pays attention to

a)

market price

b)

inelastic demand

c)

elasticity

d)

elastic demand

49.

Orlando changes the price of one of his products, and this price change leads to a major change in the number of people who purchase the product. This means that demand for Orlando’s product is

a)

constant

b)

inelastic

c)

competitive

d)

elastic

50.

Demand for a good is more likely to be elastic when the good is

a)

essential

b)

a luxury

c)

a necessity

d)

inexpensive

51.

When less expensive substitutes for a product are readily available, then demand for that product is likely to be more

a)

elastic

b)

complementary

c)

urgent

d)

inelastic

52.

Which of the following describes inelastic demand:

a)

limited to luxury goods

b)

not affected by price change

c)

fluctuating

d)

variable

53.

Even though gasoline prices increased 15 cents per gallon as the result of the new gas tax, Alice continued to buy gas so that she could make her 20-mile drive to work. This is an example of what type of demand?

a)

discretionary

b)

elastic

c)

inelastic

d)

complementary

54.

A team of employees is responsible for researching potential demand for a business’s brand-new product. The factor that is most likely to affect demand for this product is the

a)

product's utility

b)

costs of production

c)

government's policy

d)

number of producers

55.

Which of the following is a factor affecting a product’s utility to the individual customer:

a)

number of producers

b)

number of consumers

c)

price of other goods

d)

consumer's age

56.

Which of the following determines whether consumers can purchase goods or services:

a)

buying power

b)

labor costs

c)

competition

d)

production costs

57.

The price of complementary products has an effect on

a)

elasticity

b)

supply

c)

utlity

d)

demand

58.

People often buy goods and services in order to maintain the quality of life and general living conditions to which they are accustomed. This influence on demand is referred to as

a)

quality standards

b)

standard of living

c)

personal selling

d)

quality control

59.

Most businesses strive to supply goods and services in direct proportion to

a)

supply

b)

demand

c)

cost of production

d)

standard of living

60.

Your firm is considering producing a new product. Research shows that there is definitely a demand for the product and that there are currently only two other producers of this product. Which of the following might prevent your firm from producing this product:

a)

promotional considerations

b)

product utility

c)

consumer expectations

d)

cost of production

61.

For 20 years, Don owned a small grocery store. When several big box stores that sell groceries at discounted prices moved into the area, Don’s sales declined, and he had to close his business. Which of the factors that affect supply affected Don’s business?

a)

natural disaters

b)

government regulation

c)

labor demands

d)

number of producers

62.

What might businesses do if they expect prices to increase substantially in the future?

a)

ship more products to stores

b)

increase production now

c)

keep products off the market

d)

encourage consumers to buy

63.

Which of the following factors may influence supply:

a)

natural disaters

b)

standard of living

c)

product utility

d)

number of consumers

64.

Which of the following might cause supply of a good to decrease:

a)

government regulations

b)

sales skills

c)

inelastic demand

d)

advertising

65.

One reason why the supply of certain products has been eliminated is because of

a)

production methods

b)

buying power

c)

technology

d)

elasticity

66.

What is the amount of money for which an item sells in the competitive marketplace?

a)

value

b)

price

c)

market

d)

utility

67.

How much a consumer is willing to pay for a product depends partly on the consumer’s opinion of the product’s

a)

value

b)

production costs

c)

efficiency

d)

target market

68.

What is one factor that will determine how much a customer is willing to pay for a good or service?

a)

production costs

b)

buying power

c)

rationing

d)

incentive

69.

Which of the following is a business comparing when it analyzes the cost of buying wood desks versus the cost of buying metal desks:

a)

incentives

b)

excess demand

c)

inflated price

d)

relative price

70.

Which of the following is an example of a change in the relative price ratio when the original price of red apples is 60¢ per pound and the original price of green apples is 80¢ per pound:

a)

Red apples @ 30¢ per pound; green apples @ 40¢ per pound

b)

Red apples @ 90¢ per pound; green apples @ 80¢ per pound

c)

Red apples @ 45¢ per pound; green apples @ 60¢ per pound

d)

Red apples @ $1.20 per pound; green apples @ $1.60 per pound

71.

How do producers answer the economic question of what to produce in a market economy?

a)

they produce products that are the most profitable

b)

they produce products that provide the least incentives

c)

they produce products that cost them the most to produce

d)

they produce products for which they have the most information

72.

To be able to charge competitive prices in our economy, producers must combine resources and technologies to produce

a)

limited quantities of goods

b)

items at the lowest cost possible

c)

more than consumers will buy

d)

items to sell at relative prices

73.

What do consumers, producers, and resource owners need to have in order to make economic decisions?

a)

economic incentives

b)

information about prices

c)

rationing skills

d)

limited liability

74.

What are the incentives in our economy that encourage producers to change and reallocate their resources?

a)

stocks

b)

consumers

c)

profits

d)

expansions

75.

How are prices used in our economy?

a)

to ration limited resources

b)

to provide equilibrium in the market

c)

to encourage excess supply

d)

to encourage excess demand

76.

A store sells T-shirts for $10. Which of the following would be the most likely to occur if all other factors remain the same, and there is a demand for the T-shirts at $10:

a)

if the price is raised, business profits will go up

b)

it the price is lowered business profits will go down

c)

if the price is raised the volume of sales will go up

d)

if the price is lowered, the volume of sales will go up

77.

What usually happens to the demand for a good or service when the price increases?

a)

it increases

b)

it decreases

c)

it varies

d)

it stays the same

78.

What exists when producers produce more than buyers are willing and able to buy?

a)

excess supply

b)

equilibrium price

c)

normal price

d)

excess demand

79.

What do producers often do when supply is greater than demand?

a)

increase prices

b)

increase quality

c)

lower prices

d)

lower quality

80.

When supply is greater than demand, a __________ often develops.

a)

shortage

b)

price ceiling

c)

buyer's market

d)

seller's market

81.

After a mild, dry winter, the supply of sleds should be __________ than demanded. Therefore, the price would be __________.

a)

less; increased

b)

less; decreased

c)

greater; increased

d)

greater; decreased

82.

Excess demand is eliminated when the selling price reaches the point at which consumers are willing to buy __________ producers have to sell.

a)

fewer products than

b)

the same quantities that

c)

a larger amount than

d)

more expensive goods than

83.

When demand is greater than supply, a __________ often develops.

a)

buyer's market

b)

seller's market

c)

surplus

d)

price ceiling

84.

Which of the following is an example of the substitution effect:

a)

the price of laptops went up recently, so Francis decided to buy a tablet instead

b)

The mayor recently instituted a price ceiling on the monthly rent that apartment landlords can charge their tenants.

c)

The demand price of a ticket at the local amusement park is exactly equal to its supply price.

d)

A candy bar costs $0.50, and the price of a pack of gum is $1.00. The relative price ratio is 1 to 2.

85.

Excess demand and excess supply cause changes in

a)

price index

b)

price determination

c)

market price

d)

relative price ratio

86.

Any factor that causes changes in supply and demand will cause changes in

a)

price

b)

value

c)

utility

d)

usefulness

87.

Some energy companies offer free electricity at night and on weekends because during those times

a)

supply and demand are equal

b)

supply is greater than demand

c)

demand is greater than supply

d)

the substitution effect occurs

88.

Prices set higher than the equilibrium price will result in

a)

excess supply

b)

excess demand

c)

decreased supply

d)

increased profits