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WorksheetsUnit 3: Cultural Patterns and Processes
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
The body of customary beliefs, social forms and material traits that constitute a group's distinct traditions would best describe a specific population's
folklore.
political agenda.
culture.
education system.
religious organization.
Diffusion of popular customs can adversely impact environmental quality in two ways by
reducing demand for foreign products and promoting local crafts.
increased diversity and decreased demand.
depletion of scarce resources and pollution.
diversity of products and changes in leisure activities.
using renewable materials and recycled designs.
Which of the following statements reflects the environmental impact of uniform cultural experiences?
Folk culture never causes environmental impacts because it lacks a uniform spatial distribution.
Solid waste is the least visible of wastes generated from the spread of franchises.
Popular culture may cause a rapid increase in demand for certain natural resources.
Environments are not affected by the expansion of leisure activities.
Popular culture causes no environmental damage because it is often difficult to tell the difference between "natural" and "modified" landscapes.
Popular culture preferences interest geographers because they illustrate
how rural and urban areas show limited variation choice of television programs.
the diffusion of leisure activities across various scales including region, class, and gender.
that crime shows remain controversial in both rural and urban areas.
the extent of time use survey participation.
that social media is not useful in gathering data on leisure time habits.
One of the primary effects of modern communications on social customs has been to
preserve folk cultures, by increasing awareness of their uniqueness.
stimulate the diffusion of folk cultures around the world.
increase the similarity of social customs in different locations.
have little effect on the diffusion of social customs.
slow the rate of change.
The three countries that are most aggressive in their punishments for using Internet to oppose the government and its policies are
Myanmar, Indonesia, and South Sudan.
Russia, Venezuela, and Vietnam.
Iran, Syria, and China.
Iraq, Japan, and Syria.
Cuba, Russia, and China.
The OpenNet Initiative has identified several types of American-produced media for censorship in other countries. Which of the following would NOT be included?
opposition to current government
material related to human rights, freedom of expression, minority rights and religious movements
content describing environmental pollution and degradation
social content related to sexuality, gambling, and topics deemed socially sensitive
security content related to border disputes, separatist movements, and militant groups
Which of the following do Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have in common?
Most of the photos posted features places in the United States.
They have spread rapidly in a pattern of contagious diffusion.
They are the leading social media platforms in the world's wealthiest countries.
The United States initially dominated with the world's highest percentage of users.
Celebrities with many followers on Instagram and Facebook, but have had a decline of followers on Twitter
The organization "Freedom House" measures the
level of Internet and digital freedom across 65 countries.
purchasing power of 16- to 25-year olds in the United States.
ability of political prisoners to gain access to social media.
ability of U.S. military personnel to use social media while on duty.
use of technology in classrooms.
The geographer Vidal de la Blache regarded food supply as
the weakest available example of a folk custom.
the folk custom least closely tied to a particular climate.
more subject to modification than weapons.
less subject to modification than clothing and weapons.
a limited resource that would not keep up with population growth.
A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom is a
folk culture.
habit.
popular culture.
taboo.
tariff.
A taboo against pork is a characteristic of
Judaism and Islam.
Judaism and Buddhism.
Christianity and Buddhism.
Christianity and Hinduism.
Islam and Hinduism.
What one eats is revealing of one's
economic standing.
social, religious, and ethnic memberships.
occupation.
social, educational level, and religious memberships.
socioeconomic status and age group.
Hip hop music demonstrates an interplay between globalization and local diversity because
it is a form of folk culture responsible for the globalization of modern music.
musical traditions had rarely been shared prior to the 1990s.
artists may be widely popular yet still make local references in their song lyrics.
some lyrics can't be transmitted over the radio and television.
hip hop music is played in many Islamic countries.
Cell phone diffusion is linked to which of the following cultural changes?
rapid diffusion and adoption of folk culture
access to electricity
diffusion of popular leisure activities
cyber espionage and social media
decline in electronic media
Groups living in proximity to one another yet practicing uniquely different social customs suggests
refusal to teach other customs in schools.
refusal to share other customs in religious ceremonies.
inability to set up telephone service.
limited connections due to topographic, linguistic or ethnic barriers.
military confrontation.
We can conclude from the examples of popular music, fashionable clothing, and electronic applications around us that the rapid diffusion of popular culture
discourages people in different places to adopt different customs.
depends on modern communication systems.
occurs through relocation diffusion.
conserves natural resources.
always occurs at the expense of folk culture.
The geographic study of the distribution of languages provides a good example of
the interplay between interaction and isolation.
the diffusion of folk culture in different areas of the world.
the role and spread of religion across much of the world.
the diffusion of trade routes across much of the world.
political conflicts that arise due to ethnic tensions.
The contemporary distribution of languages around the globe is largely a result of
social media.
the Internet.
Rosetta Stone sales.
migration.
high school requirements to learn a second language.
When it comes to languages, an example of a centripetal force would be
historical migration patterns.
groups of people who speak different languages.
a group of people who share the same language.
language requirements in school.
movements, sounds, and symbols.
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the spatial study of languages?
People in two locations use different languages because of regular interaction among them.
If two groups have few connections with each other after migrating, the languages used by the two groups will begin to diverge.
People in two locations use different languages because of migration from one location to the other.
Language is like luggage; it can be lost when you migrate or travel.
People living in Madagascar and the Philippines are too far apart to speak languages from the same language family.
The main difference between languages in the same family, branch, or group is how
recently in time the languages were once the same.
closely the speakers of each language live to one other.
they correspond to the diffusion of free markets throughout the world.
similar the cultures of the speakers of each language are.
they all emerged at the same point in history, according to the Bible.
A collection of languages that share a common origin in the recent past but have since evolved into individual languages is a
dialect.
language branch.
language family.
language group.
language root.
A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history is a
dialect.
language branch.
language family.
language group.
language root.
A literary tradition is
a form of a language intended to be printed in official government documents.
specific only to Shakespearian English.
a collection of languages related to one other.
the written form of a language.
the variety of dialects in a language used in obscure examples of poetry.
The current estimate of the number of languages spoken across the planet is approximately
less than 100.
between 250 and 1,000 languages.
between 1,500 and 3,000 languages.
between 3,500 and 6,500 languages.
over 7,000.
The term institutional language is used to describe
Latin words and spellings as the basis for a language's vocabulary.
a language of the dominant spiritual groups and military.
a language used in education, work, and mass media.
a language of the medical profession.
a language used in meetings at the United Nations.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding African languages?
Each has its own unique alphabet developed because of centuries of isolation from other groups.
The exact number of languages was documented by missionaries in the nineteenth century.
In villages, people tend to speak to each other in their own language but may rely on a lingua franca such as Swahili or English to speak to outsiders.
Most countries in Africa have just one Official language.
Yoruba, spoken in Nigeria, is one of the major languages of the Afro-Asiatic family.
English is part of which language branch?
West Germanic
Romance
South Slavic
Indo-Iranian
North Germanic
English is part of which language family?
Afro-Asiatic
Austronesian
Uralic
Indo-European
Turkic
Which of the following is NOT a Romance language?
Bulgarian
Italian
Portuguese
Romanian
French
The spatial distribution of religions is important to geographers because it helps to determine
how many people follow a certain religion at multiple locations.
whether or not people adhere to their religion after they migrate.
how certain religions are dispersed over wide areas while others are clustered.
how often people practice their religion.
how long it will take for folk religions to diffuse from their original location.
The universalizing religion with the most adherents worldwide is
Buddhism.
Christianity.
Hinduism.
Islam.
Shintoism.
Which of the following would NOT bet included among the world's four largest religions in terms of the number of adherents?
Christianity.
Buddhism.
Hinduism.
Judaism
Islam
A classification of a religion that is spatially widespread and philosophically inclusive of all potential adherents is described as
universalizing.
folk.
ethnic.
tribal.
animistic.
Which of the following is an ethnic religion?
Buddhism
Baháʹí
Islam
Judaism
Christianity
Which is a common characteristic of an ethnic religion?
based on only one language
appealing mostly to one group of people in one place
based on belief in one particular spiritual leader
younger than a universalizing religion
more peaceful than a universalizing religion
Use Figure 6-1 to answer the question. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding religious adherents among the world's population?
more than half of the people are nonreligious
less than one-fifth of the people are non-religious
more than half of the people are Christian
about half of the people are Muslim
about two-thirds of the people are Christian
Use Figure 6-3 to answer the question. Many regions of the world are home to a diverse composition of religions. Which of the following regions is an exception to this trend?
East Asia
North America
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Which of the following Asian religions would be classified as universalizing?
Buddhism
Confucianism
Shintoism
Daoism
Hinduism
Forty percent of the world's Muslims live in four countries. Which of the following countries would not be among the four countries with the highest number of Muslims?
Indonesia
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
India
Bangladesh
One key difference between race and ethnicity is that ethnicity
changes each generation.
cannot be passed to the next generation.
is place-based.
is often confused with nationality.
changes following migration.
Geographers recognize that this personal feature is often connected to the ways that people in society make decisions regarding where to live, attend school, shop, or spend leisure time.
nationality
ethnic group
education level
skin color
marriage status
Race is often described as
being characterized by Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic/Latino.
identification with a group that is perceived to share a physiologic trait such as skin color.
determinable from physical characteristics such as the exact shape of a person's face or head.
evenly distributed around the world, independent of ethnicity.
defined by statute in most U.S. states.
Geographers consider ethnicity important because it
provides the only stable basis of political states in the modern world.
opposes nationalism and globalization.
promotes peace and well-being in the face of the globalization of culture.
reinforces diversity in the face of the globalization of culture.
defines citizenship and sovereignty in the political arena.
Meghan Markle, the Duchess of Sussex, is a good example of the
complexity of ethnic identity in the United States.
confusion over ethnicity and race in Canada, the United States, and Mexico.
natural and biological basis for classifying humans.
complexity of Asian American identity in the United States.
principle of the distribution of persons of color.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why ethnicity remains a source of controversy in the United States?
Disagreement regarding the extent of discrimination minority ethnicities such as African Americans and Hispanics still endure.
Disagreement on the extent that minorities should receive preferences in hiring and university admissions to correct past patterns of discrimination.
Controversial debates over whether people should identify their ethnicity on the census.
Different understandings of the extent to which the distinct cultural identity of ethnicities should be encouraged or protected.
Disagreement over whether or not ethnicity is really different from race.
Examples of changes made to the census regarding race and ethnicity in the United States include all of the following EXCEPT
since 1997, the Office of Management and Budget has permitted the self-reporting of more than one race.
Hispanics are classified as an ethnicity and can therefore report any race they wish.
African-Americans are not classified as Black if they come from the Caribbean instead of Africa.
according to the census, African-American and Black only applies to people tracing their ethnicity to Africa.
Hispanics can identify as African-American.
Changes to the U.S. Census reflect changes in the definition of race in the United States. Which of the following is TRUE about the census?
The first three censuses conducted did not categorize people by race.
The term 'mulatto' was added in 1820, which means, "unknown race."
Because they are indigenous, American Indians were always included as a race in the census.
People were permitted to choose their own race beginning in 1960.
African-Americans, Asians, and Hispanics were added beginning in the 1950s.
Which term identifies a place with a high concentration of an ethnic group distinct from those living the surrounding area?
enclave
neighborhood
census block
county
urban area
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the development of ethnic enclaves?
Groups bound by language and customs cluster in neighborhoods where they can practice shared cultural traditions.
Cities set aside neighborhoods for particular ethnic groups to promote tourism to those areas.
Ethnic enclaves may ease the transition to a new country for immigrants.
Newcomers to the area are attracted by the possibility of assistance in finding housing and jobs through networks of people with a shared ethnicity and language.
The physical appearance of the enclave reflects the culture and religious practices of the immigrants' home environment.
Which set of words pairs the type of migration associated with eighteenth and nineteenth century African slaves with the type of migration associated with Latin Americans and Asians in the twentieth century?
chain; hierarchical
forced; voluntary
voluntary; forced
chain; voluntary
forced; forced
Which of the following statements does NOT describe a difference between forced migration of African slaves and other migrants?
Slaves are captured from their homelands while most migrants have a choice of whether to move.
Slaves lose their freedom for the rest of their lives while most migrants adapt and become successful in the new environment.
Slavery separated families by selling spouses and children to different owners whereas other migrants experienced a temporary separation of family members.
Capturing slaves in Africa left their home societies with a shortage of the strongest, youngest workers while it is common for other migrants to leave home due to a lack of jobs in that country.
Slaves were sent mostly to Brazil and integrated into the society while other migrants to North America are subject to racism.
An example of "white flight" is the
movement of whites from northern cities like Chicago and New York to southern cities.
movement of whites from southern cities like New Orleans to western cities like Los Angeles.
establishment of integrated suburbs around Baltimore.
decrease in the percent of whites remaining in the Southeast because of black migration.
emigration of whites from central Detroit as blacks moved in.
Neighborhood changes in ethnicity are sometimes caused by the illegal practice of
segregation.
separate but equal.
blockbusting.
housing shortages.
white flight.
Ethnicities in the same country come into conflict partly because
they may have conflicting traditions of self-rule.
they share a language.
minority ethnicities are officially recognized.
their national identity is shared.
the national wealth is evenly distributed.
The definition of nationality is
a group of people tied to a place through legal status and tradition.
a country.
an ethnic identity.
any cohesive group of people.
any group with shared religion, language, and origin of birth.
The key difference between nationality and ethnicity is
ethnicity is easily identifiable while nationality is not.
people can have more than one nationality, but not more than one ethnicity.
nationality is derived from citizenship while ethnicity is derived from ancestry.
ethnicity can be chosen based on citizenship in a new country or marriage to someone of a different ethnicity.
ethnicities have traditions while nationalities do not.
Baseball's expansion from the Western hemisphere to Asia is the result of
relocation diffusion.
brain drain.
hierarchical diffusion.
contagious diffusion.
syncretism.
The process that best explains the criterion that Summer Olympic sports be practiced in at least 75 countries is
colonial expansion.
international students picking up new sports and returning home.
traced to relocation diffusion and the World Cup.
the world wide consistency on the sport rules every country.
hierarchical diffusion of popular culture.
