WorksheetsAP Psychology Cognition (including Testing), Unit 5
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 36mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of:
a)
the availability heuristic.
b)
functional fixedness.
c)
an algorithm.
d)
the representativeness heuristic.
2.
A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying
a)
Computational learning
b)
Paired-associate learning
c)
Hypothetical thinking
d)
Divergent thinking
3.
On a fishing trip, Ed realizes that he has mistakenly packed the sewing box instead of the tackle box. He wants to fish but returns home because he does not have any lines or hooks. Ed’s failure to realize that sewing thread can be used as fishing line and that a bent needle can be used as a hook is an example of
a)
Cognitive accommodation
b)
Backward masking
c)
Functional fixedness
d)
Proactive interference
4.
Which of the following types of tests is designed to measure an individual’s knowledge of a subject?
a)
Achievement
b)
Attitude
c)
Aptitude
d)
Projective
5.
If you watch a sequel to movie, and have trouble remembering if a character was in the first movie, you are experiencing...
a)
Repressive Memories
b)
Proactive Interference
c)
Retroactive Interference
d)
Memory Decay
6.
According to the serial position effect, you will remember more:
a)
items at the beginning and end of a list, than in the middle.
b)
nitems in the middle of a list, than at the beginning and end.
c)
vocabulary words if you process them visually.
d)
nvocabulary words if you process them acoustically.
7.
You are used to driving a car with a standard shift. Today you are driving a friend’s car that has an automatic transmission. As you drive, you keep trying to shift gears, but there is no shift. This tendency is most likely due to:
a)
nretroactive interference.
b)
proactive interference.
c)
motivated forgetting.
d)
encoding failure.
8.
Attach meaning to info through “deep processing” to remember
a)
Semantic Rehearsal
b)
Elaborative Rehearsal
c)
Maintenance Rehearsal
d)
Acoustic Retrieval
9.
Which language theorist would have been most likely to emphasize that children master the rule for forming the past tense of regular verbs like "push" before they learn common past tense constructions of irregular verbs like "go"?
a)
B. F. Skinner
b)
Benjamin Lee Whorf
c)
Noam Chomsky
d)
Hermann Ebbinghaus
10.
eyewitness testimony
a)
Elizabeth Loftus
b)
Diana Baumrind
c)
Stanley Milgram
d)
James Lange
11.
We have all had the experience of the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. We are asked to remember someone’s name. We are certain that we know the name and feel as if we are just about to remember it, yet it remains elusive. What type of forgetting might be at work here?
a)
encoding failure
b)
retroactive interference
c)
retrieval failure
d)
motivated forgetting
12.
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin’s classic three-stage model of memory includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
a)
short-term memory
b)
long-term memory
c)
flashbulb memory
d)
sensory memory
13.
Advertisers know that a thirty-three percent discount sounds like a better deal than a discount of one third. This best illustrates:
a)
framing.
b)
belief bias.
c)
representativeness heuristics.
d)
confirmation bias.
14.
During her psychology test, Kelsey could not remember the meaning of the term proactive interference. Surprisingly, however, she accurately remembered that the term appeared on the fourth line of a left-hand page in her textbook. Her memory of this incidental information is best explained in terms of
a)
automatic processing.
b)
priming.
c)
the serial position effect.
d)
the spacing effect.
15.
“The magical number seven, plus or minus two” refers to the storage capacity of ________ memory.
a)
short-term
b)
explicit
c)
implicit
d)
sensory
16.
The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to
a)
save time in arriving at solutions to problems.
b)
avoid the issue of functional fixedness.
c)
yield more accurate solutions to problems.
d)
involve greater reliance on language skills.
17.
The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a t and an n produce words such as tan, ten, tin, and ton. These various vowel sounds represent different
a)
prototypes.
b)
semantics.
c)
morphemes.
d)
phonemes.
18.
In the words “helped” and “called,” the “ed” ending is a(n)
a)
prototype.
b)
morpheme.
c)
syntax.
d)
algorithm.
19.
Chomsky suggested that as a child first begins hearing language, appropriate settings or standards regarding the rules of that language are activated in the child's
a)
category hierarchy.
b)
linguistic prototype.
c)
linguistic prototype.
d)
language acquisition device.
20.
A mental grouping of similar things, events or people is called a(n):
a)
Prototype
b)
Concept
c)
Algorithm
d)
Heuristic
21.
Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to:
a)
Allow preexisting beliefs to distort logical
reasoning
b)
Cling to one’s initial conceptions after the
basis on which they were formed has been discredited
c)
Search randomly through alternative solutions
when problem solving
d)
Look for information that is
consistent with one’s beliefs
22.
Airline reservations typically decline after a highly publicized airplane crash because people overestimate the incidence of such disasters. In such instances, people’s decisions are being influenced by:
a)
Belief bias
b)
The availability heuristic
c)
The representativeness heuristic
d)
Functional fixedness
23.
Which of the following has a tendency to be the hardest way to learn something?
a)
When positive transfer occurs.
b)
Using shallow processing.
c)
Using elaborative rehearsal
d)
Using deep processing.
24.
The process of getting information from the Short-term memory to the Long term memory is
a)
primacy effect
b)
visual memory
c)
sensory memory
d)
retrieval
25.
What is Whorf hypothesis
a)
refers to the proposal that the language one speaks influences the way one thinks about reality.
b)
thought influences language
26.
Remembering how to perform actions is an example of:
a)
Episodic memory
b)
Procedural memory
c)
Semantic memory
d)
Declarative memory
27.
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is
a)
a standardized test.
b)
an aptitude test.
c)
an intelligence test.
d)
an achievement test.
28.
If a test is reliable, it means that
a)
it is given in the same way every time.
b)
it tests what it is suppose to test.
c)
it is a fair assessment.
d)
it yields consistent results.
29.
The standardization sample is
a)
the group of people who take the test.
b)
a random sample o fthe test takers used to evaluate the performance of others.
c)
the people used to represent the population for whom the test was intended.
d)
all the people who might ever take the test.
30.
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
a)
practical
b)
musical
c)
interpersonal
d)
spatial
31.
Mrs. Cho is careful to make sure that she fairly represents the whole year's work on the final exam for her American literature class. If Mrs. Cho achieves this goal, her test will have
a)
test-retest reliability.
b)
construct validity.
c)
content validity.
d)
split-half reliability.
32.
Spearman argued that intelligence could be boiled down to one ability known as
a)
Spatial Intelligence
b)
Introverted Intelligence
c)
General Intelligence
d)
Extroverted Intelligence
33.
Which of the following would provide the strongest evidence for the idea that intelligence is highly heritable?
a)
The IQ scores of parents are positively correlated with the scores of their children
b)
Monozygotic twins separated at birth have extremely similar IQ scores
c)
Dizgotic twins score more similarly on IQ tests than do other sibilings
d)
Different ethnic groups have different average IQ scores
34.
The most commonly used individual intelligence test is
a)
ASVAB
b)
Stanford-Binet
c)
Jensen culture free assessment
d)
Wechsler Intelligence Scales
35.
The formula for IQ is
a)
actual age x grade / 100
b)
mental age x actual age
c)
mental age / actual age x 100
d)
actual age / mental age x 100
36.
If a road test for a driver's license adequately samples the tasks a driver routinely faces, the test is said to
a)
have content validity.
b)
be reliable.
c)
have a normal distribution.
d)
have predictive validity.
37.
When intelligence scores are graphed, they should create
a)
an increasing slope
b)
a normal bell curve
c)
an equilateral figure
d)
a negative correlation
38.
This type of standardized test compares a person's performance to a pre-defined set of standards and is designed to determine if a person has achieved specific skills or mastered certain knowledge (ex: AP exams)
a)
Norm-referenced test
b)
Criterion-referenced test
c)
Aptitude test
d)
Construct-referenced test
39.
Memory of facts and concepts
a)
Semantic Memory
b)
Implicit Memory
c)
Explicit Memory
d)
Episodic Memory
40.
A person with lower than average intelligence who has an amazing, unusual mental skill is known as a
a)
genius
b)
savant
c)
prodigy
d)
freak
41.
Validity means that
a)
a test measures what it is supposed to measure
b)
that a test has been tested on many subjects
c)
a test measures both aptitude and acheivement
d)
scores are the same no matter who grades the test
42.
A test that measures a person's mastery and knowledge of a subject or various subjects is a(n)
a)
Achievement test
b)
Aptitude test
c)
Intelligence test
d)
Personality test
43.
If higher scores on the ACT are found to correlate with higher GPAs the first year of college, the ACT can be said to have:
a)
Content validity
b)
Split-half reliability
c)
Predictive validity
d)
Construct validity
44.
96% of people fall within 30 points of what IQ score?
a)
80
b)
90
c)
100
d)
110
45.
This persons was the first to investigate intelligence to determine a person's mental age
a)
Lewis Terman
b)
Alfred Binet
c)
Charles Spearman
d)
B.F. Skinner⋰
100 %
