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WorksheetsAP CSP Unit4 Big Data & Cryptography
Total questions: 83
Worksheet time: 1hrs 28mins
In Cryptography, original message, before being transformed, is called
Simple Text
Plain Text
Cipher Text
Filled Text
An encryption algorithm transforms plain text into:
Cipher text
Simple Text
Empty Text
Plain Text
_______ is the science and art of transforming messages to make them secure and immune to attacks.
Cryptography
Cryptoanalysis
neither Cryptography nor Cryptoanalysis
either Cryptography or Cryptoanalysis
A(n) ______ algorithm transforms cipher text to plain text.
Encryption
Decryption
The _______ is a number or a set of numbers on which the cipher operates.
secret
cipher
key
none of the mentioned
The art and science of breaking the cipher text is known as
Cryptanalysis
Cryptography
Staganography
Watermarking
A cipher is _________________________.
a person who makes up secret codes
an algorithm that is used to scramble text so that it can be passed in secret
a lock that can be used to lock a message in a lock box
any puzzle, such as a crossword or Sudoku puzzle
When a single plaintext letter is encoded by a single ciphertext letter repeated throughout the sentence it is a:
Monoalphabetic Cipher
Polyalphabetic Cipher
Cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets is called:
Polyalphabetic cipher
Monoalphabetic cipher
Polycipher
Monocipher
Tick all examples of Monoaplhabetic Ciphers:
Caesar Cipher
Vigenere Cipher
Keypad Cipher
Morse Code Cipher
Study of letters or groups of letters contained in a ciphertext in an attempt to partially reveal the message is called:
Frequency analysis
Cryptography
Encription
Decription
In Cryptography the character sequence that you believe you know is called:
crib
key
guess
plaintext
Can you break this code?
Orange = 10
Orange = 6
Orange = 5
Orange = 2
What is the problem with the following plain text to encrypt with a Caesar Cipher?
Is your birthday 9/30/1998?
Numbers cannot be encrypted
It would be relatively easy to decipher after encryption
Symbols cannot be encrypted
all of the above
Consider the process of encoding and decoding a message using the following Caesar cipher encoding scheme in which the plaintext and ciphertext alphabets are offset by four positions, as shown below:
Plaintext: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
Ciphertext: w x y z a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v
Which of the following encoded ciphertext strings decodes to an original plaintext message of "secret"?
etsecr
wigvix
kwujwl
oaynap
What is the algorithm of ceasar's cipher?
Each letter is replaced with a particular symbol
Each letter is replaced with a letter a certain number of steps down the alphabet
Each letter is replaced with a particular number from 0 to 26, and numbers are replaced with letters.
The outer circle represents the original letters and the inner circle represents the encrypted letters. Which of the following deciphers the following word:
UZWMV
ZEBRA
ZULUA
ZIPPO
ZBRR
The outer circle is the original letters and the inner circle is the encrypted letters. Which of the following encrypts the following word:
HIGHLIGHT
CDBCGDBCO
MIMMQNLMY
QNLMQNLMY
QNLMQNLMY
Using the encryption table in the image, decrypt the following word:
ezhquzkd
fairvale
school
higher
lower
Using the encryption table in the image, which of the encrypted words represent the following word:
cryptography
dszqupisbqiz
dszquphsbqiz
bazquphsbqiz
dbzquphsbqiz
Asymmetric Encryption uses what kind of keys.
Identical Private Keys
Separate Public and Private Keys
Hashed Tumbler Keys
Alicia Keys
What does this symbol mean?
Free Wifi
An account is password protected
The web connection has filtering in place
The user would need a password to connect to WiFi
TRUE or FALSE
Encrypted passwords will provide guaranteed protection from hacking
TRUE
FALSE
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Original methods of encryption (such as the Caesar Cipher) do not need the use of a key
Data can be encrypted using ciphers and decrypted using a key
Users cannot read or understand encrypted data without the use of a key
The Caesar Cipher is an example of a substitution cipher
A cipher system that uses a repeating word or phrase as part of the encryption scheme
Caesar
Vigenere
Code Book
Block
Multiplication is an example of a ___________________
Cryptographic function
One-way function
Autonomous function
Encryption algorithm
Cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets is called:
Polyalphabetic cipher
Monoalphabetic cipher
Polycipher
Monocipher
The Vigenere cipher is the most well-known of which type
Polyalphabetic
Symmetric
Transposition
Substitution
Which type of encryption process uses the same key for encryption and decryption
Transposition cipher
Asymmetric encryption
Block encryption
Symmetric encryption
What is the challenge of using symmetric encryption?
The key can easily be broken.
The key must be pre-shared in a secure fashion.
You have to use a stream or block cipher.
Not many people are familiar with this encryption standard.
Amanda want to send encrypted data to David. Which is the correct process?
Amanda will encrypt data with her private key, and David will decrypt with his private key.
Amanda will encrypt data with David's public key, and David will decrypt with his private key.
Amanda will encrypt data with David's public key, and David will decrypt with his public key.
Amanda will encrypt data with David's private key, and David will decrypt with his public key.
How far back in history do we find examples of cryptography?
At least as far back as the ancient Romans, possibly even as far as 1900 BC in Egypt's Old Kingdom
The CIA first established the practice in the 1970s in cooperation with early programming researchers
The Nazis created the Enigma Machine in World War 2
The Imperial Japanese Navy used it in the 1800s
Using a password to encrypt a message is an example of:
Symmetric encryption
Asymmetric encryption
A cryptographic hash function
Two-factor authentication
Some examples of common uses for asymmetric encryption would be
Secure web traffic
Encrypted email
Hiding messages in image files
Sending a secure message through one medium and the password through another medium
Why is the vigenere cipher hard to crack? Choose two.
One cannot solve using frequency analysis directly.
A Vigenère cipher relies upon an "alphabet shift" algorithm.
The key is always secret to both the sender and receiver of the message.
Long keys create exponential growth possibilities.
What does Computationally Hard means?
Another term for encrypted message.
Use an algorithm to decode a message.
A problem that cannot be solved in a reasonable amount of time.
Encryption based on shifting the alphabet.
Why are computers better than humans at breaking encryptions such as the Vigenere?
Computers are smarter than humans.
Computers are faster than humans.
The Vigenere was originally designed by a computer.
They are not; humans are better at breaking encryptions than computers.
Which makes a password harder to crack?
A word from the dictionary
8 random characters that includes number and punctuation.
A 16-character password that is all letters of the alphabet
A 32-character password that is all letters of the alphabet.
A 150-character password that is all the same character.
Which of the following is FALSE regarding exponential growth?
Based on this concept, the average hard drive will be 8-10 terabytes in just over six years
Exponential growth (combined with Moore's Law) makes it easier to plan for our future computing power and storage needs
Refers to the fact that computing power is doubling every 1.5 to 2 years
The amount of data being pushed around, saved, and/or processed is growing exponentially
Which of the following is the best explanation for the concept of "The cost of free"?
Apps and websites that collect and track data about you in exchange for providing you a service free of cost.
You receiving coupons for stores you frequently shop at.
Receiving emails from an online store that you always buy items from.
Apps and websites that collect and track data about you in exchange for providing you a service that you must pay for.
A broad term for datasets so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate.
Moore's law
Big data
Exponential Growth
Data analysis
What is data that describes data?
metadata
maxdata
context
content
According to Moore's Law, the world will produce as much data in the next _______ years as currently existed in all of humanity prior to that:
Two
Three
Five
Six
Above is an image from Google Trends that plots Cats and Dogs.
Which of the following is NOT a reasonable conclusion you can come up with looking at this chart?
The sharp spike in dogs trends could be due to an increase in dog attack stories during that year
This chart proves that people love dogs more than they do cats
People search for dogs more than they do cats
It's possible there were more funny dog videos than cat videos during this period of time
To interpret data usually means making key assumptions. If those assumptions are wrong, our entire analysis may be wrong as well. That being said, which of the following is NOT a reason that Google Flu Trends (GFT) eventually failed?
#1 - People reading about the flu skewed the results that GFT came up with on how many would people would get affected by the flu
#2 - In most cases GFT overestimated the number of individuals that would get the flu
#3 - By Google recommending searches to users, it skewed what terms people were searching for
All three statements (#1, 2, 3) are reasons GFT eventually failed
“Digital Divide” leads to some groups being over- or under-represented. Access and use of the Internet can differ by all of the following EXCEPT:
Relationship Status
Race
Education
Disability
The vast majority of computer security failures are due to:
Software vulnerabilities
Hardware limitations
Human Carelessness
Bot Nets
When someone attempts to compromise a target by flooding it with requests from multiple systems that is called a:
SSL/TLS layer
Virus
Phishing Scam
DDoS Attack
When someone tries to get you to give up personal information through email or a bogus website it is called a:
DDoS Attack
Phishing Scam
Virus
SSL/TLS layer
What does the "s" in "https" refer to?
It's the plural of http - a more robust version of http that runs on multiple channels.
s is for "secure" - a version of http that is encrypted.
s is for "simple" - a simplified version of http that runs faster on modern computers
s is for "standard" - to distinguish the original http from non-standard versions like httpv and httpx s is for "standard" - to distinguish the original http from non-standard versions like httpv and httpx
Breaking News: today multiple systems from the outside flooded the Bank of Colony's website with an unusually high amount of traffic, resulting in the website shutting down for hours. The newscast may not say it, but this is an example of:
DDoS Attack
Phishing Scam
Virus
SSL/TLS layer
Breaking News: today thousands of customers at the Bank of Colony were fooled into opening an email and clicking what they thought was a link to their website. While the website looked like the real Bank of Colony website, it was actually a fake website where thousands of usernames and passwords were compromised. The newscast may not say it, but this is an example of:
DDoS Attack
Phishing Scam
Virus
SSL/TLS layer
In 2001, tens of millions of Windows personal computers were attacked when users opened an email with the subject line "ILOVEYOU" and the attachment "LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.txt.vbs". This damaged the local machine , overwriting random types of files (Office files, audio, images) and sent a copy of itself to all addresses in the Windows Address Book used by Microsoft Outlook. This type of attack was considered a:
DDoS Attack
Phishing Scam
Virus
SSL/TLS layer
What is 20 MOD 15?
0
1.5
5
15
What is 13 MOD 17?
12
13
14
15
Which of the following is FALSE regarding modulo?
It's a mathematical operation where the clock size is divided by a randomly selected number
It's a mathematical principle that allows public and private keys to work
It's important for cryptography because it can act as a one-way function
It's a mathematical operation that returns the remainder after integer division.
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of public key encryption:
Any person can send any other person a secret message transmitting information over insecure channels
It's a form a symmetric encryption
While this method of encryption is publicly known, keys are never exchanged
Public key encryption is a public standard and with that, no one person or company owns this
This type of cipher maps each letter of the alphabet to a randomly chosen other letters of the alphabet:
Caesar Cipher
Random Substitution Cipher
Vigenere Cipher
Public Key Encryption Cipher
These types of text files in our browsers keep a record of our movements on the Internet:
Clipboard
Data Track
Cookies
Internet Log
Another name for a password:
Cryptographic key
Vigenere cipher
Caeser cipher
Decryption key
Which of the following passwords is the strongest?
3456789
COHS_18#
ilovecomputerscience
abc1234_#Z
The Caesar Cipher has 25 different shifts to try. How many possibilities are there to try in a random substitution cipher?
25
25 x 2
25^2
25x24x23x22x21.....3x2x1
