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WorksheetsBenchmark #2 Fall 2019
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
Which has the most impact on the rate of cellular respiration?
water
oxygen
light energy
carbon dioxide
This cladogram shows the evolutionary history of algae.
Which 2 organisms are most closely related. (Please disregard the drawn circle)
land plants and diatoms
euglenoids and red algae
euglenoids and green algae
land plants and cryptomonads
If ribosomes failed to function in a cell, which process would be most affected?
energy production
protein synthesis
cellular reproduction
intracellular digestion
Which organelles are responsible for converting glucose into chemical energy?
vacuoles
ribosomes
mitochondria
cytoskeletons
Which environmental factor is most closely linked to causing skin cancer?
x-ray radiation exposure
uv radiation exposure
vitamin deficiency
an unhealthy diet
An athlete is running a race when suddenly his legs begin to cramp. Which process is most likely responsible for the athletes leg cramps?
glycolysis
cellular respiration
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid fermentation
Which is the most likely response a cell will have if its pH is too high?
absorb water to try and dilute its pH
generate a base to neutralize its pH
rely on buffers to bring the pH back to normal
self destruct to keep from contaminating nearby cells
Which is likely a disease of the cell cycle?
cancer
albinism
hepatitis
sickle cell anemia
Which would most likely produce specialization in a cell?
the cell's RNA
the cell's DNA
the cell's location
the cell's nutrition
How do eukaryotic cells compare to prokaryotic cells?
Both contain a plasma membrane.
Both contain large and small vacuoles.
Eukaryotic cells have a cell wall, which prokaryotic cells lack.
Eukaryotic cells lack mitochondria, which prokaryotic cells contain.
Two children were born at the same time in a hospital. However, the identification bracelets on the children became mixed up. If Baby #1 is blood type O, what are the genotypes of the parents who produced Baby #1?
IBi and IAIB
IAIA and ii
IAi and IBi
IAIB and ii
Which greenhouse gas is added to the atmosphere due to humans burning coal and driving cars?
oxygen
methane
carbon dioxide
chlorofluorocarbons
Which best describes the characteristic of reactions that enzymes function to lower?
activation energy
termination energy
product concentration
reactant concentration
Which major biological molecule provides the human body with the most concentrated source of energy?
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
This diagram shows the process of protein synthesis. Which is best represented by the 2nd arrow?
an amino acid chain
a polysaccharide
an anti-codon
a codon
The modern classification system is based on which characteristics?
Mendelian genetics and habitat similarities
geographical distribution and structural similarities
evolutionary relationships and structural similarities
evolutionary relationships and geographical distribution
In meiosis, what is true about the four daughter cells?
The daughter cells are the result of one parent cell dividing.
The daughter cells are the result of two parent cells dividing.
The daughter cells have identical genetic information to the parent cell.
The daughter cells have one-quarter of the chromosomes found in the parent cell.
How does nondisjunction affect sexual reproduction?
It leads to abnormal numbers of chromosomes in gametes.
It leads to crossing-over between homologous chromosomes.
It causes the nuclear membrane to disappear during the cycle.
It causes genes to fail to replicate at the beginning of the cycle.
Due to very unusual dry climatic conditions, most of the individuals in a particular plant species have died. A few, however, have managed to survive and grow. What will most likely happen to the remaining plants?
They will wilt and die.
They will develop a disease.
They will decrease their chloroplast levels.
They will reproduce and pass on their alleles.
Two different species have multiple identical DNA sequences. What does this most likely suggest about the two species?
They have identical mutations.
They are actually the same species.
They probably have a common ancestor.
They can interbreed with fertile offspring.
How is biochemistry used to provide evidence for evolution?
by comparing blood cells of different species
by comparing DNA or RNA of different species
by comparing reproductive cycles of different species
by comparing the anatomical similarities of different species
For a dominant trait, homozygous is represented as "BB" and heterozygous is represented as "Bb". What percent of the offspring of a BB parent and a Bb parent is expected to be heterozygous?
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which organelle is used to capture and engulf the food into the unicellular organism?
cilium
flagellum
pseudopod
contractile vacuole
Which organelle would a protists need to phototaxis?
cilium
eyespot
pseudopod
contractile vacuole
Which would be a disadvantage of genetically modified crops?
higher yield
disease resistance
expensive to produce
staple for impoverished areas
What is the function of the plasmid when creating recombinant DNA?
to remove the nucleus from an egg cell
to introduce foreign DNA into bacteria
to cut DNA at a specific location
to activate restriction enzymes
The diagram below depicts DNA profiles for four different deer species. Which 2 species are most closely related.
1 and 3
1 and 4
2 and 3
2 and 4
Instead of a DNA code reading ACGTTACCG, a mutation causes it to be coded as ACGATACCG. Which type of mutation is responsible for this change?
addition
deletion
substitution
chromosomal
Use the dichotomous key to identify the 3rd insect.
Odonata
Dermoptera
Ephemeroptera
Lepidoptera
Some cells maintain a higher concentration of potassium ions than the surrounding extracellular fluid. Which process allows these cells to maintain a higher concentration than their surroundings?
osmosis
diffusion
active transport
passive transport
Which best summarizes the process of protein synthesis for all organisms?
DNA replicates and carries the code to tRNA for protein construction.
DNA replicates and carries the code to a ribosome for protein construction.
DNA serves as the template for mRNA, which carries the code to a ribosome for protein construction.
DNA serves as the template for a ribosome, which carries the code to mRNA for protein construction.
Which can occur without the use of cellular energy?
transport of water across the plasma membrane
movement of a flagellum for a protozoan
contraction of muscle cells
synthesis of biomolecules
Which is a human activity most responsible for accelerating global warming?
spilling oil in the ocean
removing trees in rainforests
harvesting solar and wind energy
reducing CFCs in the atmosphere
Which would be a reason to change the system of classification?
a change in the Latin language
the discovery of a new species
an increase in the number of animals in captivity
a change in how organisms interact within a community
Which is a behavioral adaptation?
having shorter limbs to conserve heat
plants with thicker stems and vascular tissue
octopi that change colors to mimic other poisonous animals
bears laying dormant during certain seasons in order to conserve energy
What is the purpose of mitosis?
to make haploid gametes
to produce spores for plants to reproduce themselves
to replace dead or damaged cells with identical copies
to allow the exchange of DNA between unicellular organisms
What are the complementary bases to this DNA template: ATATGCT?
ATATGCT
AUAUGCU
TATACGA
UAUAGCU
During replication, the nitrogen base adenine is exposed on the DNA template. Which nitrogen base will most likely bon to it?
cytosine
guanine
thymine
uracil
Which scenario best describes an occurrence of geographical isolation?
All dogs are in the same species, but beagles are a certain and select breed all their own.
Hybrid corn is developed from four different types of corn plants to utilize each species' strengths.
Finches on different islands develop different beaks to accommodate the food supply found on each island.
Wheat being selected by growers is used to develop a species that resists drought in the Great Plains states.
Which human activity would have the most negative impact on future generations?
carpooling
deforestation
reforestation
contour plowing
How does DNA help to form proteins?
It creates proteins using nucleotides.
It forms the bonds between amino acids.
It creates reactants for proteins to be made.
It gives instructions on the amino acid sequence.
Which process would use the energy stored in ATP to move glucose molecules across the cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
passive transport
What is the difference between mutualism and parasitism?
In mutualism, neither organism benefits, while in parasitism both organisms benefit.
In mutualism both organisms benefit, while in parasitism only one organism benefits.
In parasitism, neither organism benefits, while in mutualism one organism benefits.
In parasitism only one organism is harmed, while in mutualism both organisms are harmed.
In which class of organic molecules do starch, glycogen, and cellulose belong?
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
Over time an antibiotic will no longer be effective on some bacteria. What is the most likely reason for this?
Humans have built up a resistance to the bacteria.
Humans have built up a resistance to the antibiotic.
The surviving bacteria are resistant to the antibiotic.
The antibiotics have become resistant to the bacteria.
Which of these processes correctly identifies the oxygen cycle?
Photosynthesis releases oxygen, and respiration absorbs oxygen.
Photosynthesis releases oxygen, and respiration releases oxygen.
Photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide, and respiration releases oxygen.
Photosynthesis releases carbon dioxide, and respiration absorbs carbon dioxide.
How does a new cell become specialized into a heart cell?
The cell is coded to be a heart cell during translation.
The cell is made in the heart by the process of mitosis.
Activated genes in DNA lead to the differentiation of the cell.
Amino acids in the cell provide instructions for differentiation.
Pandas are herbivores that eat only bamboo. Large portions of bamboo in an area are being cut down to build houses. What can most likely be inferred about the panda population?
The panda population will experience an increase in that area.
The panda population will experience a decrease in that area.
The pandas will adapt to pray on other animals in that area.
The pandas will adapt to eat other kinds of vegetation.
Which best indicates that the carrying capacity of an area has been exceeded?
a steady increase in all species in an area
a constant number of various species over time
a sharp increase in the population of one species
a sudden, rapid decline in many species in an area
The diagram shows a gel electrophoresis. Which suspect's DNA was found at the crime scene?
1
2
3
4
Two sisters grew up in the same environment with identical lifestyles and exposures, yet one has severe allergies and the other does not. Which statement best explains this observation?
The sister without allergies has an oversensitive immune system
The sister without allergies is younger than the affected sister
The sister with allergies is genetically different from the unaffected sister.
The sister with allergies has a less responsive immune system than the unaffected sister.
Which best represents the effect on a population when any abiotic factor moves past the optimum limit?
Population density increases.
Population density decreases.
A population's ecological niche is redefined.
A population will reach its carrying capacity.
What is the correct sequence of amino acids produced from a segment of mRNA described by AUG CUA GUG AAA?
Methionine-Leucine-Valine-Lysine
Methionine-Isoleucine-Lysine-Tyrosine
Methionine-Leucine-Alanine-Aspartate
Methionine-Leucine-Methionine-Histidine
How can the use of pesticides on crops impact the environment?
It reduces the diversity of crops.
It creates more pests to feed on crops.
It increases the reproduction of nonresistant pests.
It causes bioaccumulation of chemicals in the food chain.
How are cells able to remove toxins even though there is a higher concentration of the toxins outside the cell than inside?
by moving the toxins out of the cell through simple diffusion
by attaching glucose to channel proteins to remove the toxins
by using osmosis to balance the water and toxin concentrations
by using ATP formed in respiration for active transport of the toxin
