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WorksheetsEnlightenment & Scientific Revolution 25-26
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 2mins
Isaac Newton's universal law that showed how one law could explain all motion in the universe
Law of Gravitation
Law of Planetary Motion
Heliocentric Theory
Ninja Turtles are cool
Who developed a philosophy based on the idea "I think, therefore I am," and is known as the father of modern rationalism?
Chaucer
Francis Bacon
Rene Descartes
William Shakespeare
Who was the first to argue that the sun, not the earth, was the center of the universe?
Ptolemy
Nicholas Copernicus
Johannes Kepler
Spongebob
In Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concept, an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will
Separation of Powers
Checks & Balances
Satire to tackle difficult issues
Social Contract
In Jean-Jacques Rousseau's concept of a social contract,
the majority or general will of a society governed
punishments are not exercises in brutality, and capital punishment is discarded
the government should not interfere in economic matters
women should be granted rights nearly equal to those of men
Who argued that women should be educated and criticized the idea that science could help humans master nature?
Margaret Cavendish
Maria Winkelmann
Mary Wollenstonecraft
Wonder Woman
The Scientific Method applies
to only math and science
to all human ideas and practices including government
to math, science and philosophy but not government
only to science
John Locke's ideas suggested that people were
born either good or evil
inherently self-centered
naturally inclined to be stupid
molded by their experiences
Montesquieu's most lasting contribution to political thought was his
analysis of the governmental system of check and balances
identification of the natural laws that governed human society
theory that the government should interfere with religious matters
idea that punishments should be brutal to be effective
European philosophers began applying a scientific view to understanding the world because they could apply the scientific method instead of relying solely on religious faith.
True
False
Maybe
French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers to ensure a system of checks & balances
Montesquieu
Locke
Rousseau
Napoleon
What was the Enlightenment?
a new intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought and the power of the individual to solve problems
a movement to change the world by starting revolutions in every country
being woke
a new scientific movement that stressed repeated experimentation to prove the laws of nature
The Scientific Revolution was a period of
learning where Asians understood the basic laws of nature and applied reasoning to science
learning where Europeans understood the basic laws of nature and applied reasoning to science
learning where philosophers taught science
learning where people understood everything about the universe
Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first European to study the galaxy using a telescope
Marco Polo
Copernicus
Galilei
Kepler
Came up with Heliocentric Theory- a model that said the Sun, not the Earth was the center of the universe
Copernicus
Galilei
Kepler
Newton
German astronomer who used math to prove planets revolve in an oval path; laws of planetary motion
Harvey
Kepler
Lavoisier
Newton
Helped formulate the Scientific Method by combining his thinking with Descartes and formalize the empirical method
Bacon
Boyle
Cavendish
Vesalius
English scientist and mathematician who established the theories of gravity and invented Calculus
Lavoisier
Newton
Vesalius
Winkelmann
English physician and scientist who figured out how blood circulates through the body
Galilei
Harvey
Lavoisier
Vesalius
Determined properties of gas--volume of gas varies with pressure; made huge advances in chemistry
Bacon
Boyle
Cavendish
Winkelmann
Named the elements; theory of combustion; Law of conservation of mass and regarded as the father of modern chemistry
Lavoisier
Newton
Vesalius
Winkelmann
Scientist who studied anatomy in depth-- is the father of anatomy and wrote the first anatomy textbook
Newton
Vesalius
Winkelmann
Harvey
German astronomer who discovered a comet
Cavendish
Winkelmann
Lavoisier
Kepler
Speculated on the nature of the atom; was an author of many books
Bacon
Cavendish
Kepler
Newton
Favored "revolution" as a way for political change; wrote the Declaration of Independence using Enlightenment ideas
Hobbes
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Jefferson
English philosopher; believed monarchy was best form of government; wrote Leviathan
Hobbes
Locke
Montesquieu
Luther
French Philosopher who used satire as his form of writing about politics; attacked injustice and intolerance
Rousseau
Voltaire
Wollstonecraft
Montesquieu
English philosopher; Believed in "natural law" this guaranteed people "life, liberty, and property"; said that government was created to protect the inalienable rights of the people
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Jefferson
Edited the first Encyclopedia to spread ideas so that people would think more rationally and critically
Montesquieu
Diderot
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
French philosopher who believed that government powers should be separated among different branches to form a system of checks and balances.
Montesquieu
Voltaire
Wollstonecraft
Locke
English writer and one of the first women to advocate women's rights and equal education.
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
Voltaire
French philosopher; ideas were the basis for "majority rule"
Hobbes
Diderot
Rousseau
Voltaire
Ideas and scientific breakthroughs were published in this.
Wollstonecraft
Encyclopedia
Google machine
Glossy Magazines
A political revolution inspired by the The Enlightenment in the late 1700s.
Avengers Civil War
American Civil War
World War I
American Revolution
What event exposed Europeans to advances in science & mathematics from the Muslim world which eventually lead to the Scientific Revolution?
The Crusades
The Inquisition
The Religious Wars
The Age of Discovery
Which 2 political philosophers had radically different views of a social contract?
Voltaire; Cesare Beccaria
Jean Jacques Rousseau; Thomas Hobbes
Baron de Montesquieu; Voltaire
Baron de Montesquieu; Jean Jacques Rousseau
The music of the baroque period was heavy with organ & choral-- which composer's music was characterized by the baroque period?
Franz Joseph Haydn
Ludwig van Beethoven
Johann Sebastian Bach
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
What was the new, lighter, more elegant form of music that developed during the Enlightenment?
Baroque
New Wave
Whig
Classical
Which Austrian composers became the greatest figures of classical music?
Bach, Handel, Mozart
Haydn, Bach, Beethoven
Mozart, Beethoven, Haydn
Handel, Bach, Haydn
Which of the following were NOT causes championed by Enlightenment thinkers?
abolition of serfdom and social equality of the classes
divine right of kings and censorship of the press
social equality of the classes
separation of church and state
Which of the following grievances against King George II are NOT found in the Declaration of Independence?
King George III ruled like a tyrant.
King George III violated the colonists’ natural rights.
King George III was not a legitimate ruler of the British nation.
King George III and Parliament ruled without the colonists’ consent.
The Bill of Rights in the US Govt, reflects the enlightened thought of which philosophe?
Montesquieu
Rousseau
Voltaire
Astell
Which portion of the U.S. Bill of Rights was inspired by the writings of Cesare Beccaria?
“. . . nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted”
“Congress shall make no law . . . [denying] the freedom of speech”
“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion . . .”
“The rights of the people . . . against unreasonable searches and seizures”
Why did Nicolaus Copernicus wait until late in his life to publish his theory of a heliocentric universe?
He feared criticism from politicians.
He feared punishment by church officials.
He had little money to hire a printer of his work.
He needed to be sure of his mathematical calculations.
How did Newton explain the role of God in the universe?
He believed God had little interest in the problems of humanity.
He believed God was periodically communicating with saints to reveal his purpose.
He imagined God as a clockmaker who created an orderly universe and then left it alone.
He thought that God periodically punished humans who disobeyed him with disaster or disease.
The religion of the Enlightenment (1700s). Followers believed that God existed & had created the world, like a watchmaker, but that afterwards He left it to run by its own natural laws. Denied that God communicated to man or in any way influenced his life.
deism
materialism
skepticism
theism
How did Andreas Vesalius the Father of Anatomy, improve our understanding of medical science?
He discovered viruses to be the cause of many diseases.
He dissected human bodies to understand how they function.
He experimented with vaccines to cure certain diseases such as smallpox.
He promoted sanitary practices such as cleaning instruments during operations.
Which of the following is an ideal promoted by eighteenth-century French intellectuals?
The government of a nation should be led by a tyrant.
The actions of an individual should be based on reason.
The beliefs of a person should be based on superstition.
The conclusions of a person should be based on assumption.
Who believed in rationalism, which is the concept that actions or beliefs should be based on reason?
Absolutists
Monarchists
Philosophes
Puritans
Why did Roman Catholic Church officials dislike Diderot’s Encyclopedia?
The Encyclopedia promoted Protestant ideals and the church feared losing support.
They wanted more articles written about the Catholic Church instead of government.
The Encyclopedia rivaled their collection of church history being made available to the public.
They believed that the articles unfairly criticized the church and its influence.
What did attempts to censor Diderot’s Encyclopedia by the Roman Catholic Church fail to stop the spread of?
Capitalist
Enlightenment
Socialist
Utilitarian
Abolishing what practice were enlightened despots like the Prussian King Frederick II willing to institute as long as the reforms did not affect his power?
education
landholdings
religion
torture
How did the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution affect Europeans regarding religion?
Europeans questioned their faith in religion.
Europeans became less tolerant of other religions.
Europeans began to explore the mystical aspects of religion.
Europeans began to understand the similarities between world religions.
The Scientific Revolution had the effect of creating a more secular, or nonreligious, society which led to a rise in what?
feudalism
individualism
mysticism
nationalism
What major event did the Enlightenment ideals inspire to take place?
The Glorious Revolution
The American Revolutionary War
The American Civil War
The Bolsheviks Revolution
Which English writer addressed the lack of educational opportunities to improve the status of women and wrote " A Serious Proposal to the Ladies"?
Diderot
Voltaire
Wollstonecraft
Astell
What is one way salons did NOT have a greater advantage over earlier forms of communication in spreading ideas?
Free to speak freely bc in private homes
Access to a variety of ppl like artists, thinkers, educated ppl, scientists, etc
Everyone was encouraged to share ideas
The solidification of social class systems in each country
Voltaire's use of satire was effective because he emphasized faults in society that were true and people could identify with them.
True
False
Education was important to Astell & Wollstonecraft for all the following reasons except:
Education was basically closed to women
they believed education could help women improve themselves
they believed education was the key to exercising the same rights as men
they wanted traditional jobs and wanted to be more helpful wives and mothers
