WorksheetsAPES Semester 1 Final Exam Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
In reef ecosystems, corals often have microalgae living inside them. The algae supply the corals with nutrients, and the coral give shelter to the algae. Which of the following interactions best describes the relationship between the corals and the algae?
Competition
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predation
Which of the following terrestrial biomes has the highest net primary productivity?
Desert
Tropical Rain Forest
Taiga
Savanna
This biome is found in shallow waters off the coastline and is Earth’s most biologically diverse marine biome.
Coral Reefs
Open Ocean
Freshwater Wetlands
Rivers
Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Water (Hydrologic) Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Water (Hydrologic) Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Water (Hydrologic) Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
The total rate of photosynthesis in a given area is...
Primary Producer
Gross Primary Productivity
Net Primary Productivity
Cellular Respiration
The energy available to consumers determined by subtracting the energy used by plants from the total energy transformed by the process of photosynthesis.
Cellular Productivity
Net Primary Productivity
Gross Primary Productivity
Cellular Respiration
Based on the second law of thermodynamics, how much biomass of phytoplankton would be needed to produce 1 kilogram (kg) of large fish in this food web?
1 kg
10 kg
100 kg
1000 kg
Which of the following biogeochemical cycle is shown in the diagram?
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Water (Hydrologic) Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Which of the following ecosystem services is categorized as regulating?
Drinking water, timber, medicines
Water purification, pest control, pollination
Recreation and education
Photosynthesis, soil formation, nutrient cycling
Which tree would be the predominant species in the intermediate stage of succession?
Tulip Popular
Red Maple
Sweetgum
White Oak
Based on the theory of island biogeography, which of the following islands would most likely have the highest number of species living on it?
Large island, far from mainland
Large island, close to mainland
Small island, far from mainland
Small island, close to mainland
Small populations of animals, such as those typically found on islands, are prone to extinction because...
they contain a high degree of genetic variability
they tend to have more predators
they are usually generalist species
they are more vulnerable to unpredictable events
Which of the following can be used to assess the biological diversity of an area?
Population size of each species and area occupied by each population
Ratio of r-strategists to K-strategists and life expectancy of K-strategists
Genetic variation within each species and number of species present
Minimum population area and minimum viable population size
Which of the following is most likely to be the direct result of lack of genetic diversity in a food crop such as corn?
Decreased potential yield
Decreased dependence on chemical fertilizers
Increased susceptibility on plant disease
Increased resistance to pests
Which of the following would most likely result from the deforestation of large areas of tropical rain forests caused by slash-and-burn agriculture?
Increased ozone thinning because of the release of CFCs
Decreased acid rain because of the sequestration of SO2
Increased global temperature because of the release of CO2
Deceased evaporation because of the loss of the tree canopy
Which of the following best shows the process of evolution?
A lizard's color becomes brown as it sits on a log.
A bear goes into hibernation.
A population of foxes increases as more prey becomes available.
A population of mosquitoes develops resistance to a pesticide.
Which of the following is the best example of a keystone species?
Sea Otter
Sea Urchin
Spotted Owl
Condor
A pond is sampled once a year, and its species richness is measured. What best indicates the pond is being adversely affected by a nearby development?
An uncommon species has become more numerous.
An increase in low-tolerance species has occurred.
A decrease in high-tolerance species has occurred.
The biodiversity of the pond has decreased.
During which stage of the demographic transition shown above does a population begin to experience an explosive increase in growth?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
A country with an age distribution like that shown in the figure above, is most likely a country that...
is experiencing rapid growth
is experiencing slow or no population growth
is a less-developed country
is experiencing a high death rate
What is the carrying capacity of the ecosystem?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following characteristics is most closely associated with a country that demonstrates the age structure in the diagram shown?
There is a low infant mortality rate.
A high percentage of the population has access to medical care.
There is a low population growth rate.
There is a high total fertility rate.
Which of the following are associated with a decrease in a country's total fertility rate?
Limited access to health care
Poor nutrition
Limited access to clean water
Delay in age of first marriage and increased
contraceptive use
Which of the following characteristics are associated with a more developed country?
Large population size
Large land area
Low infant mortality rate
High emigration rate
If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is...
1.6%
16%
-1.6%
32%
If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, the number of years required for the population to double is closest to...
5 years
10 years
15 years
25 years
In a human population undergoing the demographic transition, which of the following generally decreases first?
Birth Rate
Death Rate
Life Expectancy
Family Size
Members of an r-selected species characteristically...
produce few offspring
have long life spans
produce few offspring
reach sexual maturity quickly
This map illustrates...
A transform boundary
A convergent boundary
A divergent boundary
A subduction zone
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is...
A divergent plate boundary
A convergent plate boundary
A transform plate boundary
A volcanic hot spot
Which soil sample is most permeable?
Soil Sample A
Soil Sample B
Soil Sample C
Not possible to determine
Which soil sample would be hold the most water and be best for lining a landfill?
Soil Sample A
Soil Sample B
Soil Sample C
Not possible to determine
The ozone layer is found in the...
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
What causes warm, moist air to rise at the equator and descend at the 30o N and S latitudes?
Heat from the ocean
Heat from the sun
Cool air from the trade winds
The Coriolis Effect
Which of the following can cause an increase in water pollution in a watershed?
An increase in the number of grasses, trees, and shrubs
An increase in the natural systems near a watershed
An increase in stormwater runoff in urban areas
A decrease in the number of impervious surfaces near the watershed
Summer in Australia occurs in December, not in June. This is because at this time of year...
the Earth is closest to the Sun due to its elliptical path
the tilt of Earth causes Australia to receive highly concentrated solar radiation
the tilt of Earth causes Australia to be closer to the Sun
the tilt of Earth causes solar radiation to reach Australia at a low angle of incidence
In this picture...
It is summer in the northern hemisphere, because it receives the most direct sunlight.
It is summer in the southern hemisphere, because it receives the most direct sunlight.
The Arctic Circle receives no daylight.
There is 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness each day at the Equator.
Which of the following factors is fundamentally responsible for seasons on Earth?
The varying distance of Earth from the Sun
The tidal pull of the Sun and Moon
The tilt of Earth's axis of rotation
The latitudinal variation in temperature and precipitation
Which of the following would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers?
Groundwater pollution
Cultural eutrophication
Use of fossil fuels
Recycling of organic matter
Which irrigation method is most efficient, but most expensive?
Drip Irrigation
Flood Irrigation
Furrow Irrigation
Spray (or Pivot) Irrigation
Which is a concern for GM crops?
Reduced crop yield and more land needed for agriculture
Loss of genetic diversity in crops
GM crops cannot be grown in drought resistant soils
GM crops require more pesticide applications than non-GM crops
What is an advantage of synthetic fertilizers?
Synthetic fertilizers can provide nutrients tailored specifically to the crops
Synthetic fertilizers remain in the soil longer than organic fertilizers
Synthetic fertilizers improve soil texture and water-holding capacity
Synthetic fertilizers remain in the soil and do not readily run off into waterways
Which of the following is the best illustration of the pesticide treadmill?
Sequence of several pesticides used by farmers to maximize effectiveness
Process that is used to manufacture pesticides
Biomagnification of pesticides in the fatty tissue of primary consumers
Increased use of pesticides to eradicate genetically resistant pests
Which of the following changes will result if large areas of land experienced clear-cutting?
Increased water temperatures in nearby streams
Decreased evaporation of water from the soil
Decreased soil erosion
Decreased runoff and sedimentation into nearby streams
Which timber-harvesting method leads to a loss of biodiversity and a fragmented habitat?
Clear-cutting
Selective cutting
Slash and burn clearing
Shelter-wood cutting
Which of the following describes a fundamental characteristic of the green revolution in food resources?
The application of higher levels of organic fertilizers
Deforestation to provide field crops with increased sunlight
The development of new strains of crops with higher yields
The elimination of mechanization and the reduction of farm sizes
A major environmental problem caused by using the agricultural practice of tilling is...
eutrophication from excessive fertilizer use
ozone depletion from fossil fuel use
intercropping by traditional farmers
compaction of soil from adding compost
Which of the following scenarios best explains the concept of the tragedy of the commons?
Fish farming produces fish through selective breeding to produce a cheap source of protein.
A collapse of the fishing industry leads to a loss of fishing-related jobs.
A decline in fish populations cause declines in fish predators, affecting the entire food chain.
Fish are shared resources; as industry competes for fish, the resources are depleted.
