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Worksheets

Midterm 2020

Total questions: 93

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Scientific methods are planned and organized, but are not rigid, step-by-step outlines.

a)

True

b)

False

2.

Earth's core consists of the rigid, outer layer of the planet.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Earth's atmosphere is 78% Carbon Dioxide.

a)

True

b)

False

4.

The biosphere includes all organisms that live within a few meters of the Earth's surface.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

About 97% of earth's water is salt water.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

The branch of earth science that studies the blanket of air around the planet is called...

a)

palenontology

b)

meteorology

7.

Most scientific studies use a standard system of units called the....

a)

SI system

b)

metric system

8.

Identifying rocks, studying glacial movements, and interpreting earth history are all topics studied in...

a)

geology

b)

oceanography

9.

The water in the earth's oceans, seas, and glaciers make up the...

a)

hydrosphere

b)

biosphere

10.

Researchers use this in an experiment to show that the results of the experiment are a result of the condition being tested.

a)

constant

b)

control

11.

The application of scientific discovery is called...

a)

a model

b)

technology

12.

Which of these steps would be the first in the scientific method?

a)

Test the hypothesis

b)

Analyze the data

c)

Make a hypothesis

d)

Identify/observe a problem

13.

An explanation based off of many observations during repeated experiments.

a)

theory

b)

law

c)

model

14.

A basic fact of nature, or description of a natural phenomena.

a)

theory

b)

law

c)

model

15.

Study the properties of seawater.

a)

Astronomy

b)

Geology

c)

Oceanography

16.

Study the materials that make up the earth.

a)

Astronomy

b)

Geology

c)

Oceanography

17.

Forces that produce weather.

a)

Geology

b)

Oceanography

c)

Meteorology

18.

Factor in an experiment that can be manipulated by the experimenter.

a)

Independent Variable

b)

Dependent Variable

c)

Constant

19.

Factor in an experiment that changes in response to the changes made by the experimenter.

a)

Independent Variable

b)

Dependent Variable

c)

Constant

d)

Control

20.

Factors that must remain the same throughout an experiment.

a)

Independent Variable

b)

Control

c)

Dependent Variable

d)

Constant

21.

A kilometer is greater than a meter.

a)

True

b)

False

22.
The diagram shows a boat using sonar to gather information in the ocean. What is most likely being measured with this technology?
a)
ocean depth
b)
ocean temperature
c)
pH level
d)
turbidity level
23.
Which statement best describes how nutrients move in the ocean as a result of upwelling?
a)
Nutrients move from estuaries into the intertidal zone.
b)
Nutrients move from warm, shallow areas to deep, colder areas.
c)
Nutrients move from the neritic zone to the intertidal zone.
d)
Nutrients move from deep, colder areas to warm, shallow areas.
24.
Which tool would most likely  be used by scientists to explore a hydrothermal vent at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
a)
buoy
b)
remote operated vehicle
c)
satellite imagery
d)
sonar
25.
About how much of the Earth's surface is covered by global oceans?
a)
70 percent
b)
20 percent
c)
90 percent
d)
15 percent
26.
The ocean floor is as diverse as the surface of the continents.
a)
True
b)
False
27.
The measurement of the ocean depths and the charting of the shape or topography of the ocean floor is called _________________.
a)
oceanography
b)
geography
c)
Bathymetry
28.
Salinity is a word that describes how salty something is.  When we talk about the salinity of the ocean water we are talking about the parts per thousand of salt dissolved in ocean water.  Our ocean is about 35 parts per thousand salt.  What word means the amount of salt dissolved in something?
a)
saltiness
b)
purity
c)
salinity
29.
There are many sources of salinity in our oceans.  Volcanoes are one source.  When a volcano erupts it spits out gases, including chlorine.  Why are volcanoes a source of ocean salinity?
a)
volcanoes spit out gases when they erupt
b)
volcanic lava is very salty
c)
underwater volcanoes release very little magma
d)
volcanoes are not
30.

First ship to use sophisticated measurements to study the ocean.

a)

Alvin

b)

Challenger

31.

Study of the earth's oceans?

a)

Oceanography

b)

Meteorology

c)

Geology

d)

Astronomy

32.

One possible source of water on the planet earth is...

a)

hurricanes.

b)

earthquakes.

c)

comet impacts.

d)

violent storms.

33.

The oceans contain about % of earth's water.

a)

77

b)

87

c)

97

d)

67

34.

Global sea level is decreasing by about 3mm per year.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

About what % of seawater is dissolved salts?

a)

96.5

b)

9.65

c)

3.5

d)

35

36.

Which of the following salts is most abundant in the ocean?

a)

sodium chloride

b)

potassium chloride

c)

magnesium sulfate

d)

calcium carbonate

37.

What is salinity?

a)

the amount of dissolved solids in seawater.

b)

the amount of dissolved gas in ocean water.

c)

the amount of water in the oceans.

d)

another name for sea shells.

38.

Which of the following would cause the surface of the ocean to have a higher salt concentration?

a)

a river flowing into the ocean.

b)

the melting of sea ice.

c)

high rates of evaporation.

d)

low rates of photosynthesis

39.

Cold Salty water sinks in warm fresh water.

a)

True

b)

False

40.
What causes surface waves?
a)
underwater volcanoes
b)
earthquakes
c)
wind
d)
landslides
41.
What is represented at point 1?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
42.
What is represented at point 2?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
43.
What is represented at point 3?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
44.
What is represented at point 4?
a)
wave height
b)
wavelength
c)
crest
d)
trough
45.
Many people believe that ocean waves move water.  However, ocean waves really transfer ______.
a)
wind
b)
sand
c)
energy
d)
pressure
46.
Which direction do ocean waves move?
a)
back and forth
b)
up and down
c)
in a side-to-side motion
d)
in a circular motion
47.
What is the periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans?
a)
Tide
b)
Tidal range
c)
Spring Tide
d)
Neap Tide
48.
What is the increased tide that occurs two times in a month at the new and full moons?
a)
Tidal range
b)
Spring Tide
c)
Neap Tide
d)
Tide
49.
What is the difference between levels of ocean water at high and low tide?
a)
Tide
b)
Tidal range
c)
Spring tide
d)
Neap tide
50.
What is a tide of minimum range that occurs during the 1st and 3rd quarters of the moon?
a)
Tide
b)
Tidal range
c)
Spring tide
d)
Neap tide
51.

How are waves created?

a)

Only Wind

b)

Only Energy

c)

Energy passing through water, as well as wind

d)

The Ocean Basin

52.

What is a high tide?

a)

Sea pulled TOWARD the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

b)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is FARTHEST to the moon

c)

Sea pulled AWAY from the moon where Earth is CLOSEST to the moon

53.
What is a difference between spring and neap tides?
a)
Spring tides occur when the earth and sun are IN LINE with the new or full moon. 
b)
Spring tides occur when moon in 3rd or 1st quarter phases
c)
Spring tides are LOWER than neap tides
54.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
55.
Spring tides and neap tides occur in patterns governed by the
a)
phases of the moon
b)
seasons (fall, winter, etc.)
c)
surface currents
d)
deep sea currents
56.

Wha type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

a)

full moon tide

b)

new moon tide

c)

neap tide

d)

spring tide

57.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
58.

The upward motion of seawater in the ocean is called...

a)

downwelling

b)

uprising

c)

upwelling

d)

gravitational counter force

59.

Upwelling water is rich in nutrients.

a)

True

b)

False

60.

What is the speed of sound in water?

a)

1500 m/s

b)

15 m/s

c)

150 m/s

61.

During an El Nino, it rains

a)

in the central Pacific

b)

in the FAR western Pacific

c)

in the western Pacific

d)

In all of the Pacific

62.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

63.

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

a)

about average

b)

stronger

c)

weaker

64.
What two elements make up water?
a)
Helium and oxygen
b)
Hydrogen and oxygen
c)
helium and carbon
d)
oxygen and carbon
65.

A insect like a water strider can skate along the top of a pond because:

a)

covalent bonds result in water cohesion

b)

hydrogen bonds result in water cohesion (surface tension)

c)

low surface tension of water

66.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
67.
Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
68.
Why does ice float?
a)
As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
b)
As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
c)
As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.
d)
As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
69.

Water travels up from the roots of a tree to the top because of

a)

adhesion and cohesion

b)

surface tension

c)

specific heat capacity

d)

density of water compared to ice

70.
Water droplets take a spherical shape (as pictured) because of ____________
a)
adhesion
b)
cohesion
c)
capillary action
d)
solubility
71.
A molecule with electrically charged areas is called a _______________.
a)
magnet
b)
polar molecule
c)
solution
d)
electrical molecule
72.

As you add drops of water to the surface of a coin, each drop sticks to the other water droplet because of ________________, and sticks to the penny because of ______________.

a)

adhesion, cohesion

b)

cohesion, adhesion

c)

capillary action, specific heat

d)

specific heat, capillary action

73.
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
a)
the oxygen end
b)
the hydrogen end
c)
both ends are slightly positive
d)
neither end is positive
74.
Water is a universal solvent because it...
a)
It can be found anywhere
b)
It freezes when it gets cold
c)
floats when frozen
d)
Dissolves most substances
75.
Ice floats when placed in a liquid water because:
a)
ice is less dense than the liquid
b)
ice is more dense than the liquid
c)
ice is soluble
d)
water is adhesive
76.
Which of the following is LEAST likely to dissolve in water?
a)
nonpolar fats and oils
b)
polar sugar molecules
c)
salt made of a positive sodium ion and a negative chloride ion
d)
all of the substances will dissolve easily in water
77.

Which characteristic of water will allow a paperclip to remain floating on water when the paperclip is gently placed on top of the water?

a)

adhesion

b)

surface tension due to cohesion

c)

solvent properties

d)

nonpolar

78.
A hurricane rotates _____.
a)
Clockwise
b)
Counterclockwise 
79.
In order for a hurricane to form, the water must be ________.
a)
Cool
b)
Warm
c)
Cold
d)
Hot
80.
The center of a hurricane is called the ______.
a)
center
b)
brain
c)
eye
d)
circle
81.
Hurricanes develop in ________ regions.
a)
Arctic
b)
Tropical
c)
Arid
d)
None of the above
82.
Hurricane season goes from ______ 1st to _______ 30th
a)
June, October
b)
April, September
c)
June, November
d)
May, October
83.
What provides the energy for hurricanes to be sustained?
a)
warm water
b)
cold air masses
c)
wind from Austrailia
d)
cold water
84.
Hurricanes weaken above land because they cannot suck up warm and moist water.
a)
True
b)
False
85.
What makes a hurricane lose energy?
a)
Land
b)
Increased low pressure
c)
Meteorologists 
d)
Superman flying the other direction
86.
What do the wind speeds need to reach for a storm to be classified as a hurricane?
a)
23 - 39 mph
b)
40 - 73 mph
c)
74 mph
d)
600 mph
87.
Where are the strongest winds and heaviest rains in a hurricane located?
a)
In the eyewall
b)
In the outer bands
c)
On the leading edge
d)
On the lagging edge
88.
Most of the damage from hurricanes happens because of - 
a)
Storm surge (flooding)
b)
wind
c)
hail
d)
lightning
89.
The pressure inside a hurricane is _______.
a)
High
b)
Low
90.

The major difference between a tropical storm and a hurricane is __________.

a)

rainfall amounts

b)

wind speed

c)

air temperature

91.
Hurricanes develop in ________ regions.
a)
Arctic
b)
Tropical
c)
Arid
d)
None of the above
92.
10. What is the strongest category of hurricane?
a)
Category 5
b)
Category 10
c)
Category 1
93.
What is the name of a hurricane in Asia?
a)
Cyclone
b)
Typhoon
c)
Bob
d)
Dennis

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