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Hydrology Test Review

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 1hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is MOST true about saltwater?

a)

It is less dense than freshwater.

b)

It is more dense than freshwater.

c)

It has the same density as freshwater.

d)

It has no density.

2.

When it rains, a portion of the water seeps into the ground to replenish the Earth's

a)

unsaturated zone.

b)

water table.

c)

permeability.

d)

groundwater (aquifers).

3.

What is the relationship between salinity and the density of water?

a)

The density of freshwater is exactly the same as the density of saltwater

b)

As the salinity decreases, the density increases

c)

As the salinity increases, the density increases

d)

Density and salinity are not related

4.

Which natural force creates surface currents?

a)

Gravity

b)

Wind

c)

Sunlight

d)

Waves

5.

What is the energy source for the water cycle?

a)

Wind from the Earth's rotation

b)

Heat from the sun

c)

Gravity from the moon

d)

Heat from the Earth's core

6.

What two elements are the most abundant in salt water in the ocean?

a)

Acid Rain

b)

magnesium and calcium

c)

Chloride and Sodium

d)

Condesation of lakes and rivers

7.

The section of the ocean floor that is flat and extends from the shore to beneath the ocean ?

a)

continental slope

b)

abyssal plain

c)

deep ocean trench

d)

continental shelf

8.

Which process in the water cycle happens when cool air causes water vapor to change to liquid water ?

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

transpiration

d)

infiltration

9.

What happens to the temperture and pressure as you descend to the bottom of the ocean?

a)

temperature increases and pressure decreases

b)

temperature decreases and pressure increases

c)

temperature and pressure increase

d)

temperature and pressure decrease

10.

Where would you find the greatest pressure?

a)

Abyssal plain

b)

Continental shelf

c)

Continental slope

d)

Ocean Trench

11.

What feature of the ocean floor forms at a subduction zone and creates the deepest location in the ocean?

a)

continental shelf

b)

continental slope

c)

ocean trench

d)

abyssal plain

12.

As water gets denser, how does it move?

a)

Rises to the surface

b)

Sinks to the ocean floor

c)

Moves toward the poles

d)

Moves toward the equator

13.

Which of the followign causes ocean waves?

a)

gravity

b)

coriolis effect

c)

nekton

d)

wind

14.

Which stage in the water cycle happens when liquid water heats up and turns into vapor?

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

precipitation

d)

run off

15.

Which type of water accounts for 97% of all water?

a)

Saltwater

b)

Freshwater

c)

Glaciers

d)

groundwater (aquifers)

16.

Where is the most freshwater found on Earth?

a)

Surface water like lakes and rivers

b)

glaciers

c)

oceans

d)

ground water (aquifers)

17.
Which represents the distribution of water on Earth?
a)
3% freshwater, 97% salt water
b)
97% freshwater, 3% salt water
c)
71% freshwater, 29% salt water
d)
29% freshwater, 71% salt water
18.
The water cycle is powered by the 
a)
sun
b)
wind
c)
air 
d)
biomass
19.

What happened to the total amount of water during the experiment?

a)

the amount of water stayed the same even though the evaporation stage turned it into water vapor the condensation stage turned it back into liquid water.

b)

the amount of water decreased because the evaporation stage got rid of all the water.

20.

Saving water is called conservation. Choose the reason that drinkable water is becoming more scare.

a)

Agriculture

b)

Growing population of people

c)

Aquifers are getting emptied

d)

All of the above

21.
The measure of the amount of salt in water
a)
Salinity
b)
Alkalinity
c)
Acidity
d)
Affinity
22.

The mostly flat section from the shoreline (beach) into the shallow ocean.

a)

Continental divide

b)

Continental Shelf

c)

Continental Slope

d)

Continental Margin

23.

The large flat, almost level area of the ocean floor

a)

Guyot

b)

Ocean Floor

c)

Abyssal Plain

d)

Seamount

24.
Mountain Chains on the ocean floor
a)
Ocean Trench
b)
Seamount
c)
Mid-ocean Ridge
d)
Guyot
25.

Huge cracks in the ocean floor that create the deepest part of the ocean.

a)

Mid-ocean Ridge

b)

Ocean Trench

c)

Guyot

d)

Seamount

26.

The cause of waves at the surface of the ocean

a)

Boats

b)

Wind

c)

Marine life

d)

Geothermal energy

27.

Cause of deep ocean currents

a)

Differences in Density caused by temperature and salinity

b)

Wind blowing across the surface of the ocean

c)

Volcanic Activity

d)

Gravity

28.

A large stream of water moving through an ocean

a)

Wave

b)

Tide

c)

Current

d)

Wake

29.
What is Salinity? 
a)
how much salt is in any given liquid
b)
salt on the rocks
c)
how much salt is in takis
30.
What causes deep ocean currents?
a)
moon's gravitational pull
b)
temperature, density, salinity
c)
wind
31.
27.  What area of the ocean floor would have the greatest amount of pressure being exerted? 
a)
trench
b)
Rift Valley
c)
seamount
32.
What happens to pressure as you go deeper into the ocean? 
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
d)
doubles
33.
Label A
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
abyssal plain
d)
sea mount
34.
Label C
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
abyssal plain
d)
sea mount
35.
Label F
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
abyssal plain
d)
sea mount
36.
When we go to beach, we are allowed to go on ____________
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
abyssal plain
d)
sea mount
37.
Deep currents are caused by differences in the _______________ ocean water.
a)
 eutrophication of
b)
sun's effect on
c)
density of
d)
 salinity of 
38.
Which of the following is caused by differences in ocean water density?
a)
surface currents
b)
 deep currents
c)
waves
d)
Coriolis effect
39.
The density of ocean water depends on what two factors?
a)
temperature and global winds
b)
temperature and nutrients
c)
salinity and upwelling
d)
salinity and temperature
40.

When water vapor turns into water droplets on the outside of a glass because of cooling

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

melting

d)

boiling

41.

When a liquid transforms into a gas as a result of heating

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Melting

d)

Sublimation

42.

Rain, snow, sleet, hail

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Specific Heat

43.

The journey that water takes as it circulates from the land to the sky and back down to the land again without losing any water.

a)

Water cycle

b)

Precipitation

c)

Salinity

d)

Hydrosphere

44.

The _____ powers, or drives, the water cycle

a)

Moon

b)

Gravity

c)

Sun

d)

Earth

45.

An aquifer stores.....

a)

Surface Water

b)

Groundwater

c)

Oil

d)

Natural Gas

46.

Your mom got a really high water bill because too much water got used, why would it be important to check the house for water leaks?

a)

to avoid a house fire

b)

so she does not get a ticket

c)

to conserve drinking water that is being wasted

d)

so she does not get reported to the water police

47.
What percentage of Earth's water is FRESH water?  How much of it is usable or available for us to use?
a)
97%; 12%
b)
71%; 2%
c)
30%; 30%
d)
3%; 1%
48.
The Earth's fresh water sources consists of all the following except _____________
a)
Oceans
b)
icebergs and glaciers
c)
rivers and lakes
d)
groundwater
49.
Water droplets in the atmosphere eventually become so heavy that they fall back to Earth's surface in the form of rain, snow, hail or sleet is called ___________
a)
evaporation
b)
precipitation
c)
condesation
d)
transpiration
50.
Imagine you are in a very humid rainforest with many different species of plants.  What process creates the moisture in the air from the release of water from the leaves of plants?
a)
precipitation
b)
condensation
c)
transpiration
d)
groundwater
51.
If you let your hair dry from the Sun after going swimming, you are taking advantage of __________
a)
precipitation
b)
evaporation
c)
condensation
d)
transpiration
52.
When you are drinking a cold glass of water, moisture builds on the outside of the glass.  This is an example of ________
a)
precipitation
b)
evaporation
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
53.

Jon is boiling a pot of water on the stove. The stove adds energy to the water until it becomes ____ ______, the gaseous form of water.

a)

water vapor

b)

ice

c)

snow

d)

carbon dioxide

54.

What two things affect the density of water causing it to sink deeper in the ocean?

a)

temperature increases and salinity decreases

b)

both temperature and salinity increase

c)

temperature decreases and salinity increases

d)

both temperature and salinity decrease

55.
If a boat travels from the shore to the deep ocean, what are the first two features you would pass?
a)
continental shelf then abyssal plain
b)
continental slope then abyssal plain
c)
abyssal plain then mid-ocean ridge
d)
continental shelf then continental slope
56.
The movement of Energy through a body of water is called a __________
a)
current
b)
neap tide 
c)
spring tide
d)
waves
57.
The rise and fall of the water caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and it's interactions with the Earth and Sun is ________
a)
rivers
b)
waves
c)
currents
d)
tides
58.
What causes both surface currents and waves?
a)
moon's gravitational pull
b)
differences in density
c)
wind
d)
Coriolis Effect
59.
What causes deep ocean currents?
a)
differences in density
b)
wind
c)
Coriolis effect
d)
gravitational pull of the moon
60.
Warm water is _____ dense and rises.  Cold water is more dense and _____.
a)
less; rises
b)
more; sinks
c)
less; sinks
d)
more; rises
61.
The Coriolis Effect is caused by
a)
Earth revolving around the sun
b)
Earth rotating on its axis
c)
Rising and falling tides
d)
Pull of gravity
62.

which of the following would create a cloud?

a)

water pressure heating and condensing

b)

air pressure increasing

c)

warm air cooling and condensing

d)

cool air heating and condensing

63.

When water vapor (gas) changes to a liquid

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

precipitation

d)

infiltration

64.

Which of the following describes tides?

a)

the daily rise and fall of the ocean levels cause by gravitational pull of the moon and sun on earth

b)

the movement of energy through water

c)

the stream like movement of water through a larger body of water

d)

the ongoing cycle of water from the land to the atmosphere back to the ocean/land

65.

Which of the following describes waves?

a)

the daily rise and fall of the ocean levels cause by gravitational pull of the moon and sun on earth

b)

the movement of energy through water caused by the wind

c)

the stream like movement of water through a larger body of water

d)

the ongoing cycle of water from the land to the atmosphere back to the ocean/land

66.

Which of the following describes currents?

a)

the daily rise and fall of the ocean levels cause by gravitational pull of the moon and sun on earth

b)

the movement of energy through water

c)

the stream like movement of water through a larger body of water

d)

the ongoing cycle of water from the land to the atmosphere back to the ocean/land

67.

Which of the following describes the water cycle?

a)

the daily rise and fall of the ocean levels cause by gravitational pull of the moon and sun on earth

b)

the movement of energy through water

c)

the stream like movement of water through a larger body of water

d)

the ongoing cycle of water from the land to the atmosphere back to the ocean/land without the loss of any water

68.
Why is most of Earths freshwater is not available for human use.  
a)
because it's in the ground
b)
because it's frozen in ice caps and glaciers
c)
because of pollution
d)
because of global warmin
69.
Why does the moon's gravitational pull have more of effect on tides than the sun's gravitational pull?
a)
they are the same
b)
the moon is larger than the sun
c)
tides are not caused by the moon
d)
the moon is closer to the Earth than the sun
70.

As the moon revolves around the earth, the water follows the motion and causes...

a)

sea levels

b)

waves and currents

c)

moon phases

d)

high tides and low tides

71.
The bulge of water on the side of the Earth closest to the moon produces ___________.
a)
high tide
b)
low tide
c)
neap tide
d)
spring tide
72.

____ ____ occur in the spaces between the high tides.

a)

High tides

b)

Medium tides

c)

Low tides

d)

Super tides

73.

The bulges that occur in the Earth's oceans are called ______ _______.

a)

low waters

b)

low tides

c)

high tides

d)

big dips

74.

As the _____ revolves around the Earth and Earth rotates, the tidal bulge moves around the Earth.

a)

sun

b)

ocean

c)

Earth

d)

moon

75.

The tidal bulge follows the movement of the _____.

a)

moon

b)

sun

c)

Earth

d)

ocean

76.

______ causes deep ocean currents

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density differences

77.

Decreasing ocean temperature causes the density of the water to ______.

a)

decrease

b)

increase

c)

stay the same

d)

fluctuate

78.

Warming ocean water rises because the density

a)

increases

b)

stays the same

c)

decreases

79.

Cold ocean currents generally come from

a)

The North Pole

b)

The South Pole

c)

The Equator

d)

Both the North and the South Pole

80.
Where does the intial source of energy come from that creates winds and thus surface currents?
a)
The moon
b)
The sun
c)
The wind
d)
The rotation of the Earth
81.
The Gulf stream carries _____________ water from the east coast of The United States to the West coast of Europe.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm 
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
82.
Why are surface currents at the surface of the ocean?
a)
colder temperature
b)
colder temperature & more salinty
c)
warmer temperature & less salinty
d)
less salinty
83.
 As the temperature of ocean water changes from 10 to 30 degrees C, how does the density change?
a)
The water becomes more dense
b)
The water becomes less dense
c)
 The density does not change 
d)
 It is impossible to predict
84.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Stream Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

85.
What factors create deep ocean currents?
a)
Increase in salinity; increase in temperature
b)
Decrease in salinity; decrease in temperature
c)
Increase in salinity; decrease in temperature
d)
Decrease in salinity; increase in temperature
86.
Does the gulf stream originate near the Equator or the Poles? 
a)
Equator
b)
Poles
87.
 How does the Gulf Stream affect the climate in Florida and the United Kingdom?
a)
Florida and the United Kingdom have colder climates.
b)
Florida and the United Kingdom have dryer climates.
c)
Florida and the United Kingdom have warmer climates compared to locations at the same latitude.
d)
None of the above
88.
The Gulf stream carries _____________ water from the east coast of The United States to the West coast of Europe.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm 
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
89.

Deep Atlantic Currents are formed largely as a result of

a)

erosion by surface winds

b)

heating of surface water

c)

the rotation of the Earth

d)

denser water sinking

90.

What phase of the water cycle causes salinity to increase?

a)

Evaporation

b)

Condensation

c)

Precipitation

d)

run-off

91.

What phase of the water cycle causes salinity to decrease?

a)

Transpiration

b)

Evaporation

c)

Precipitation

d)

Condensation

92.

What happens to the salinity of the ocean near fresh water like a river delta?

a)

Salinity Increases

b)

Salinity Decreases

93.

What type of day would create the largest waves?

a)

Sunny day

b)

Windy day

c)

Hot day

d)

Cold

94.

Why do objects sink or float in water?

a)

Because their densities are higher or lower than compared to water

b)

Because their densities are using gravity to pull down

c)

Because their densities are heavier or lighter

d)

Because their mass and volumes are equal

95.

Why does an egg float in a glass of salt water?

a)

the egg is more dense than the salt water

b)

the salt water is more dense than the egg

c)

the salt water is more dense than the glass

d)

the egg is more dense than the glass

96.

The water is ______ dense than the boat causing the boat to float on the water.

a)

more

b)

less

97.

Why does the egg not sink or float?

a)

it is more dense than the water

b)

it is less dense than the water

c)

it has the same density as the water

d)

it is light

98.

What causes an object to sink in a water?

a)

if the object's density is less than the water's density.

b)

if the object's density is the same as water's density.

c)

if the object's density is greater than water's density.

d)

if the object's density is zero

99.

An object will float in a liquid if it is

a)

cooled to the same temperature.

b)

heated to the same temperature.

c)

less dense than the liquid.

d)

more dense than the liquid.

100.

When the density of a substance is lower than the density of water the substance _____________ in water.

a)

Sinks

b)

Floats

101.

When the density of a substance is higher than the density of water the substance ______________ in water.

a)

Sinks

b)

Floats

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