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From DNA to Proteins Review

Total questions: 49

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What 3 pieces make up a nucleotide?

a)

phosphate, sugar, and base

b)

hydrogen, sugar, and base

c)

phosphate, hydrogen, and base

d)

phosphate, sugar, and hydrogen

2.

Two pieces of DNA join together to form a(n)...

a)

X in a circle

b)

nucleotide

c)

double helix

d)

covalent bond

3.

Which phase of the cell cycle replicates a cells DNA?

a)

Gap 1

b)

Synthesis

c)

Gap 2

d)

Mitosis

4.

Please REPLICATE the following strand: ATC GCG ATT

a)

TAG CGC TAA

b)

ATC GCG ATT

c)

GCA TAT GCC

d)

AAT GCG GAT

5.

The main function of tRNA is to

a)

carry a message

b)

form the ribosomes

c)

transfer amino acids

d)

string together DNA and RNA

6.

The main function of mRNA is to

a)

carry a message

b)

form the ribosomes

c)

transfer amino acids

d)

string together DNA and RNA

7.

The main function of rRNA is to

a)

carry a message

b)

form the ribosomes

c)

transfer amino acids

d)

string together DNA and RNA

8.

The central dogma states that information flows from:

a)

DNA -> RNA -> Proteins

b)

RNA -> DNA -> Proteins

c)

Proteins -> DNA -> RNA

d)

DNA -> Proteins -> RNA

9.

Which phrase best describes transcription?

a)

converts mRNA into an amino acid chain (protein)

b)

catalyzes bonds between amino acids

c)

produces RNA from DNA molecules

d)

recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

10.

Which of the following is not a difference between DNA and RNA?

a)

DNA uses Thymine (T) and RNA uses Uracil (U)

b)

DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded

c)

DNA has a deoxyribose sugar while RNA has a ribose sugar

d)

DNA is found in the cytoplasm while RNA is found in the nucleus

11.

Please TRANSCRIBE the following strand: GCT TAG ACC

a)

GCT TAG ACC

b)

CGA ATC TGG

c)

CGA AUG UGG

d)

GGU CUA AGC

12.

Where does translation happen?

a)

vacuole

b)

lysosome

c)

ribosome

d)

nucleus

13.

What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?

a)

base

b)

codon

c)

amine

d)

serine

14.

Please TRANSLATE the following strand: CGC AGU UUA

a)

GCG TCA AAT

b)

arg ser stop

c)

val thr gly

d)

GCG UCA AAU

15.

Figure 8.1 shows a single strand of DNA. Identify the nucleotide sequence of the other DNA strand.

a)

GGCUTGU

b)

AATGCAG

c)

GGCATGA

d)

TTACGTC

16.

Figure 8.2 shows a single strand of DNA. Identify the nucleotide sequence of the complementary RNA strand.

a)

ATUTUAG

b)

CAAGACT

c)

AUCUCAG

d)

ATCTCAG

17.

What type of mutation has occurred in Figure 8.4?

a)

substitution

b)

frameshift

c)

lethal

d)

insertion

18.

What will be the result of the mutation in Figure 8.4?

a)

it will have no effect on protein function

b)

only one amino acid will change

c)

nearly every amino acid int he protein will be changed

d)

translation will not occur

19.

Which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person's skin cells?

a)

skin cancer

b)

reduced functioning of the skin cell

c)

no change in functioning of the skin cell

d)

the person's offspring have mutated skin

20.

Which of the following sequences of processes correctly reflects the central dogma?

a)

protein synthesis, transcription, translation

b)

protein synthesis, translation, transcription

c)

transcription, translation, protein synthesis

d)

translation, transcription, protein synthesis

21.

The main difference between the four nucleotides that make up DNA is that they have different

a)

sugars

b)

uracil

c)

bonds

d)

bases

22.

Which of the following is the site of DNA replication in eukaryotes?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

ribosome

c)

nucleus

d)

vacuole

23.

In order to produce all the protein that a cell needs, transcription takes place

a)

on a gene segment over and over again

b)

on a gene segment only once

c)

using double-stranded RNA

d)

using single-stranded RNA

24.

The central dogma states that information flows from

a)

RNA to DNA to polysaccharides

b)

DNA to RNA to proteins

c)

RNA to DNA to proteins

d)

DNA to polysaccharides to RNA

25.

How many amino acids are coded for in the following sequence of mRNA nucleotides? Assume the reading frame begins with the first nucleotide. CGAUACAGUAGC

a)

3

b)

4

c)

6

d)

12

26.

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of the DNA of a gene is called

a)

codon

b)

anticodon

c)

translation

d)

mutation

27.

The building blocks that make up DNA and RNA are called

a)

nucleotides

b)

amino acids

c)

hydrocarbons

d)

monosaccharides

28.

A mRNA strand consists of 123 bases. Including the stop codon, how many amino acids would this code for?

a)

369

b)

41

c)

40

d)

246

29.

What is the correct sequence of amino acids?

AUG UAC AGU UAG

a)

Met, Tyr, Ser, Stop

b)

Tyr, Ser, Stop Met

c)

Met, Iso, Glu, Stop

d)

Stop, Met, Iso, Tyr

30.

Which of these chromosomal mutation diagrams shows a deletion mutation?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

31.

The building blocks of proteins are ...

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

hydrocarbons

d)

monosaccharides

32.

A codon is a triplet code found on

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

DNA

d)

rRNA

33.

The anticodon is a triplet code found on

a)

DNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

mRNA

34.
What has DNA?
a)
animals
b)
plants
c)
bacteria
d)
all of the above
35.
What part of our cells holds our DNA?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
cell membrane
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosomes
36.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
37.
The process of making RNA (i.e. mRNA) from DNA is called
a)
Replication
b)
Transcription
c)
Translation
d)
Protein synthesis
38.

Where does transcription take place?

a)

mitochondria

b)

ribosome

c)

nucleus

d)

cytoplasm

39.
A segment of DNA that codes for a protein is called a...
a)
Enzyme
b)
Mutation
c)
Gene
d)
Complimentary
40.

Protein synthesis (Translation) is important because it __________.

a)

Converts mRNA into a protein

b)

Copies the genetic information in DNA

c)

Produces RNA from DNA molecules

d)

Recycles tRNA molecules for reuse

41.

Where does protein synthesis (translation) take place?

a)

in the nucleus

b)

in the cytoplasm on ribosomes

c)

in the chloroplasts

d)

in the mitochondria

42.
In RNA, Adenine bonds with __________.
a)
Uracil
b)
Thymine
c)
Guanine
d)
Cytosine
43.
Which of the following bases is NOT found in RNA?
a)
Thymine
b)
Adenine
c)
Guanine
d)
Cytosine
44.
Which of the following is a correct difference between RNA and DNA?
a)
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
b)
RNA is double stranded and DNA is single stranded
c)
DNA uses Uracil and RNA uses Thymine
d)
RNA has deoxyribose and DNA has ribose
45.

Mutations are

a)

changes in DNA

b)

changes in RNA

c)

changes in amino acids

d)

changes in tRNA

46.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Base Substitution

b)

Base Insertion

c)

Base Deletion

47.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

48.
Which of the following are mutagens?
a)
UV radiation
b)
X-rays
c)
pollution
d)
all of the them
49.

Which of the following is true about mutations?

a)

Mutations are always harmful.

b)

Mutations are always helpful.

c)

Mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral.

d)

Mutations always have no effect on the protein.