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Black Body Radiation

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The graph shows how the intensity of different wavelengths of radiation from a hot object varies with temperature. What can NOT be concluded from the graph about how the distribution of the intensity of radiation from an object changes as the temperature of the object increases?

a)

the intensity of every wavelength increases

b)

the shorter the wavelength the more rapid the increase in intensity

c)

the peak intensity occurs at shorter wavelength

d)

the intensity of every wavelength decreases

2.

A student was asked to investigate the heat loss from two metal cans, L and M. The cans were identical except for the outside colour. The student filled the two cans with equal volumes of hot water. He then placed the temperature sensors in the water and started the data logger. The computer used the data to draw the graph below. Which one of the following is a categoric variable?

a)

the outside colour of the cans

b)

the starting temperature of the hot water

c)

the time

d)

the volume of hot water

3.

The volume of the piece of rock was 18.0 cm3. The student measured the mass of the piece of rock as 48.6 g. The graph below shows the densities of different types of rock. What is the most likely type of rock that the student had?

a)

Basalt

b)

Flint

c)

Granite

d)

Limestone

e)

Sandstone

4.

A student investigated the cooling effect of evaporation.She used the equipment (datalogger and probe) shown in the image to measure how the temperature of a liquid changed as the liquid evaporated. Which type of variable was the temperature in this investigation?

a)

control

b)

dependent

c)

independent

5.

The diagram shows an atom of uranium-235 being split into several pieces. Name the process shown in the diagram.

a)

nuclear fission

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

chemical reaction

d)

chain reaction

6.

The diagram shows an atom of uranium-235 being split into several pieces. Name the particles labelled X.

a)

neutrons

b)

alpha particles

c)

beta particles

d)

protons

7.

Uranium-235 is used as a fuel in some nuclear reactors. Name another substance used as a fuel in some nuclear reactors.

a)

plutonium

b)

coal

c)

thallium

d)

gallium

8.

How are stars able to give out energy for millions of years?

a)

By atoms joining together

b)

By atoms splitting apart

c)

By atoms joining togetherBy atoms splitting apartBy burning gases

9.

How many protons and how many neutrons are there in an alpha particle?

a)

protons: 2

neutrons: 2

b)

protons: 2

neutrons: 1

c)

protons: 1

neutrons: 1

d)

protons:1

neutrons: 2

10.

The pie chart shows the sources of the background radiation and the radiation doses that the average person in the UK is exposed to in one year. Radiation dose is measured in millisieverts (mSv). A student looked at the pie chart and then wrote down three statements. Which one of the following statements is a correct conclusion from this data?

a)

In the future, more people will be exposed to a greater proportion of radon gas.

b)

People that have never had an X-ray get

50 % of their radiation dose from radon gas.

c)

The radiation dose from natural sources

is much greater than from artificial sources.

11.
In order of most to least penetrating radiation we have
a)
Alpha , Beta,  Gamma
b)
Beta , Gamma , Alpha
c)
Gamma, Beta, Alpha
d)
Gamma, Alpha, Beta
12.

What letter is used to represent specific heat capacity?

a)

H

b)

P

c)

C

d)

T

13.

What is the correct SI unit for energy? (provide the correct name and symbol)

a)

calorie, C

b)

temperature, C

c)

Joule, J

d)

Kelvin, K

14.

A 0.01575 kg piece of iron absorbs 1086.75 joules of heat energy, and its temperature changes from 25°C to 175°C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron.

a)

460 J/kgoC

b)

1.654 J/kgoC

c)

2,567,446.875 J/kgoC

15.

Calculate volume if an object has a mass of 35 grams and a density of 48 grams per centimetres cubed.

a)

0.73 cm3

b)

1.4 cm3

c)

1680 cm3

d)

7.3 cm3

16.

Calculate the density of an object that has a volume of 93 centimetres cubed and a mass of 13 grams.

a)

0.14 g/cm3

b)

7.15 g/cm3

c)

0.026 g/cm3

d)

1209 g/cm3

17.

Calculate the density of an object that has a volume of 2 centimetres cubed and a mass of 88 grams.

a)

44 g/cm3

b)

0.037 g/cm3

c)

2.7 g/cm3

d)

108 g/cm3

18.

Calculate mass if an object has a volume of 11 centimetres cubed and a density of 35 grams per centimetres cubed.

a)

605 grams

b)

5.5 grams

c)

0.02 grams

d)

550 grams

19.

Calculate mass if an object has a volume of 65 centimetres cubed and a density of 33 grams per centimetres cubed.

a)

2145 grams

b)

214.5 grams

c)

1.97 grams

d)

0.5076923 grams

20.

Calculate mass if an object has a volume of 72 centimetres cubed and a density of 81 grams per centimetres cubed.

a)

5832 grams

b)

583.2 grams

c)

0.89 grams

d)

1.125 grams

21.

How old is a bone if it presently contains 0.3125g of carbon-14 and it was estimated to originally contain 80g? The half-life of carbon-14 is 5730 years.

a)

5730 years old

b)

11460 years old

c)

45840 years old

d)

22920 years old

22.

The graph shows how the number of americium-241 nuclei in a sample changes with time. What is the half-life of americium-241?

a)

430 years

b)

500 years

c)

400 years

d)

800 years

23.

State the number of neutrons in an atom of iodine-135 (13553I)

a)

78

b)

82

c)

131

d)

53

24.

Carbon-14 and carbon-12 are two of the isotopes of carbon. The nucleus of a carbon-12 atom has the same number of ________________ as the nucleus of a carbon-14 atom.

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

25.

An atom that loses an electron is called an _____________________and has an overall _________________________ charge.

a)

ion ; positive

b)

ion ; negative

c)

isotope ; positive

d)

ion ; neutral

26.

In an experiment, a teacher put a 2 mm thick lead sheet in front of a radioactive source. She used a detector and counter to measure the radiation passing through the lead sheet in one minute. She then put different numbers of lead sheets, each 2 mm thick, in front of the radioactive source and measured the radiation passing through in one minute. The readings taken by the teacher are plotted in the graph. How does the amount of radiation transmitted by the lead change as the total thickness of the lead is increased?

a)

it increases

b)

it decreases

c)

it stays constant

27.

A teacher used a Geiger-Muller tube and counter to measure the number of counts in 2 minutes for a radioactive rock. The counter recorded 980 counts in two minutes. The background radiation count rate was 0.25 counts per second. Calculate the count rate for the rock.

a)

7.92 per second

b)

8.16 per second

c)

490 per second

d)

489.75 per second

28.

A householder is worried about the radiation emitted by the granite worktop in his kitchen. 1 kg of granite has an activity of 1250 Bq. The kitchen worktop has a mass of 180 kg. Calculate the activity of the kitchen worktop in Bq.

a)

225,000 Bq

b)

6.94 Bq

c)

0.144 Bq

d)

25,000 Bq

29.

The graph shows how the number of americium-241 nuclei in a sample changes with time. How many years does it take for the number of americium-241 nuclei to decrease from 10,000 to 5,000?

a)

430 years

b)

500 years

c)

400 years

d)

800 years

30.

Americium-241 (24195Am) is an isotope of americium. Which of the isotopes given in the table below is not an isotope of americium?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

31.

Which of these atoms has the smallest number of neutrons?

a)

3H

b)

4He

c)

5He

d)

4Li

32.

An atom in which the number of protons is greater than the number of neutrons is:

a)

234U

b)

6Li

c)

3He

d)

2H

33.
This model was developed after J.J. Thompson discovered electrons, a particle smaller than an atom. Is shows electrons floating freely in a positive space.
a)
The "Plum Pudding Model" of the atom
b)
The "Rutherford Model" of the atom
c)
Democritus's model of the atom
d)
The "Quantum Mechanical Model" of the atom
34.
This model added on to previous models by showing electrons existed at certain "energy levels". However it does not accurately show what those levels look like.
a)
The "Bohr Model" of the atom
b)
The "Rutherford Model" of the atom
c)
The "Plumb Pudding Model" of the atom
d)
The "Quantum Mechanical Model" of the atom
35.
This model this model was the first to show a nucleus, consisting of protons and neutron.  Electrons surround the nucleus but are not shown in distinct energy levels. 
a)
The "Rutherford Model" of the atom
b)
The "Plum Pudding Model" of the atom
c)
The "Quantum Mechanical Modell" of the atom
d)
Democritus's model of the atom
36.

Which model of the atom is denoted as the "plum pudding" model?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

37.

Which of these correctly shows the numbers of sub-atomic particles in a 42Ca2+ ion?

a)

Number of electrons: 20, Number of protons: 20, Number of neutrons: 22

b)

Number of electrons: 18, Number of protons: 21, Number of neutrons: 21

c)

Number of electrons: 18, Number of protons: 20, Number of neutrons: 22

d)

Number of electrons: 20, Number of protons: 19, Number of neutrons: 23

38.

Which of these correctly shows the numbers of sub-atomic particles in a 21Na+ ion?

a)

Number of electrons: 11, Number of protons: 11, Number of neutrons: 10

b)

Number of electrons: 10, Number of protons: 12, Number of neutrons: 9

c)

Number of electrons: 10, Number of protons: 11, Number of neutrons: 10

d)

Number of electrons: 11, Number of protons: 10, Number of neutrons: 11

39.

Which of these correctly shows the numbers of sub-atomic particles in a 41K+ ion?

a)

Number of electrons: 19, Number of protons: 19, Number of neutrons: 20

b)

Number of electrons: 18, Number of protons: 20, Number of neutrons: 21

c)

Number of electrons: 18, Number of protons: 19, Number of neutrons: 22

d)

Number of electrons: 19, Number of protons: 18, Number of neutrons: 23

40.

When He2+ particles were fired at a thin sheet of gold, about 1 in 8000 of the particles were detected at point Q. What conclusion can be drawn from the detection of He2+ particles at point Q?

a)

Gold atoms have a small, positive nucleus.

b)

Gold atoms have electrons in orbitals.

c)

Gold consists of ions in a sea of delocalised electrons.

d)

Gold atoms have more protons than He2+ particles.

41.

In the early twentieth century the apparatus shown in the diagram was used to investigate atomic structure. When He2+ particles were fired at a thin sheet of gold, most of the particles were detected at point P. What conclusion can be drawn from the detection of He2+ particles at point P?

a)

Gold atoms contain electrons.

b)

Gold atoms contain protons.

c)

Gold atoms contain neutrons.

d)

Gold atoms are mainly empty space.

42.
What type of decay is being illustrated in following picture? 
a)
beta decay
b)
alpha decay 
43.
If the half-life of uranium-232 is 70 years, how many half-lives will it take for 10 g of it to be reduced to 1.25 g?
a)
1 half-life
b)
2 half-lives
c)
3 half-lives
d)
4 half-lives
44.
146C has a half life of 5730 years, how many years would it take the 4.0 g sample to decay to 0.25 g?
a)
4 years
b)
5730 years
c)
22,920 years
d)
28,650 years
45.
What is the half-life of iodine-131?
a)
32 days
b)
8 days
c)
16 days
d)
24 days
46.

Is radioactive decay 'spontaneous' ?

a)

yes

b)

no

c)

sometimes

47.
What is matter?
a)
Anything that has mass and volume
b)
The shape of an object
c)
How much an object weighs
d)
The pull of objects on one another
48.
Volume is.....
a)
the weight of an object
b)
the gravity of an object
c)
how much space an object takes up
d)
measured with a balance scale
49.
What do these isotopes of carbon all have in common?
a)
neutrons & mass number
b)
atomic number and neutrons
c)
atomic number and electrons
d)
protons, atomic number, and mass number
50.
How many neutrons does the isotope of lithium have?
a)
8
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
51.
How many neutrons in C-14?
a)
6
b)
7
c)
14
d)
8
52.
How many neutrons does an atom of the isotope Neon-22 have?
a)
12
b)
10
c)
22
d)
20
53.
which atom has  4 neutrons?
a)
Li-6
b)
Li-7
c)
Li-8
d)
they have the same # of neutrons
54.
Four isotopes of lead include lead-204, lead-206, lead-207, and lead-208.  The average atomic mass of lead is 207.2.  Which isotope of lead is likely to be the most abundant.
a)
204
b)
206
c)
207
d)
208
55.
Two isotopes of carbon are carbon-12 and carbon-14.  These isotopes differ from one another by two protons.
a)
true
b)
false
56.
Fluorine has an atomic number of 9. What can you conclude about an atom of fluorine from this fact?
a)
it has 9 protons
b)
it weighs 9 grams
c)
it has 9 electron shells
d)
it has a boiling point of 9 degree celsius
57.
In what part of an atom can protons be found?
a)
inside the electron
b)
inside the neutron
c)
inside the atomic nucleus
d)
inside the electron shells
58.
If a sulfur atom has 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 16 neutrons, its atomic mass is:
a)
16
b)
32
c)
48
d)
64
59.
If a sulfur atom has 16 protons, 16 electrons, and 16 neutrons, its atomic mass is:
a)
16
b)
32
c)
48
d)
64
60.
If a hydrogen atom has 1 proton, 1 electron, and 1 neutron, its atomic number is:
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4

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