WorksheetsUnit 3.2 Study Guide: Rocks and Soil
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
What is this?
A rock, because it's made of different minerals
A mineral, because it's made of different rocks
A rock, because it's made of a single mineral
A mineral, because it's made of a single rock
Which of these is a mineral?
Why aren't bricks and glass considered minerals?
Not made by nature
Made of rock
Too hard and heavy
Useful to humans
If Mineral A can scratch Mineral B, but Mineral B can't scratch Mineral A, which is true?
A is smoother than B
A is rougher than B
A is harder than B
A is softer than B
A mineral with a hardness of 5 can only scratch minerals with a hardness _____.
> 5
< 5
Luster refers to a mineral's _____.
Color
Shine
Shape
Density
Two mineral samples can be identical only if they have the same _____.
Color
Luster
Streak
Mass
Rocks are called igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary based on:
Their formation
Their shape
Their size
Their minerals
This granite has large crystals because it was made by slowly cooling magma. What kind of rock is granite?
Extrusive igneous
Intrusive igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
This pumice has bubble holes made by rapidly cooling lava. What kind of rock is pumice?
Extrusive igneous
Intrusive igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
This gneiss has a foliated mineral pattern because it was made by extreme heat and pressure. What kind of rock is gneiss?
Extrusive igneous
Intrusive igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
This sandstone is made of sand particles compacted and cemented together. What kind of rock is sandstone?
Extrusive igneous
Intrusive igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
What process is occurring at #1?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
What process is occurring at #2?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
What process is occurring at #3?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
What process is occurring at #4?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
What process is occurring at #5?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
What process is occurring at #6?
Heat and Pressure
Melting and Cooling
Weathering and Erosion
Compaction and Cementation
Rock particles may be brought together by water, and when the sun evaporates the water these particles will harden together into a single _____ rock.
Extrusive igneous
Intrusive igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
What is true about weathering and erosion?
Both break down rocks
Both move rocks from place to place
Erosion breaks down rocks, while weathering moves them from place to place
Weathering breaks down rocks, while erosion moves them from place to place
Sand being washed down a river is an example of:
Weathering by wind
Weathering by water
Erosion by wind
Erosion by water
(Pick 2) Sand being blown into a dune is an example of:
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Sedimentation
This is an example of:
Erosion by wind
Erosion by ice
Erosion by gravity
Erosion by animals
What created this rock formation?
Wind erosion
Water erosion
Animal erosion
Heat erosion
How did this tree break this rock?
The roots eroded the rock minerals
The roots physically weathered the rock
The roots chemically weathered the rock
The roots deposited minerals into the rock
Ice wedging is an example of _____.
Mechanical weathering
Chemical weathering
Erosion
Deposition
The abrasions in this U-shaped valley were probably caused by:
Glaciers
Wind
Rivers
Oxidation
Which type of chemical weathering caused these rocks to rust?
Hydrolysis
Oxidation
Acid rain
Hydration
What do you call the chemical reaction between rocks and water?
Hydrolysis
Oxidation
Abrasion
Ice wedging
Air pollution causes acid rain, which _____ _____ rocks.
Chemically weathers
Physically weathers
Chemically erodes
Physically erodes
Which of these profiles shows the correct layering of soil horizons?
Why is the addition of organic matter an important part of soil formation?
It gives the soil a fine texture
It prevents bugs from eating plants
It becomes silt, which plants turn into sugar
It is decomposed to humus, which provides nutrients to plants
(Pick 3) What are the 3 kinds of rock particles that make up soil?
Sand
Silt
Clay
Dirt
Peat
Sand is made of tiny pieces of _____.
Soil
Dirt
Rock
Silt
Which of these is a way to break down rock particles to make soil?
Superheated water builds up pressure inside rocks
Radiation from sunlight makes tiny cracks in rocks
Water molecules freeze and expand to break rocks
Oxygen gets absorbed by rocks and makes them expand
Which layer contains most of the living bacteria, fungi, worms, and organic matter in soil?
O
A
B
R
C
Which layer is located beneath the soil and made of solid rock?
O
A
B
R
C
What do you call the decomposing plant and animal remains that provide nutrients to the soil?
Humus
Bedrock
Topsoil
Parent material
Which of these is a major component of soil?
Organic matter
Air
Water
Rock particles
Which of these is NOT a major area of deposition?
River deltas
Marshes
Beaches
Valleys
