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WorksheetsDNA Replication & Protein Synthesis
Total questions: 21
Worksheet time: 5hrs 15mins
The process of DNA replication occurs just before ______________.
cytokinesis
replication
mitosis
nucleosynthesis
DNA is typically found in cells in the form of a very long strand that is coiled many times and contains thousands or millions of nitrogen bases. Which term best describes this very long molecule of DNA?
chromosome
gene
allele
nucleotide
During DNA replication, what would be the complementary strand to the original DNA segment of GCTAAT?
CGATTA
GGATTAC
GGAUUA
GGUTTU
About 96% of the information in human DNA is found in gorilla DNA. This evidence supports which statement?
Humans evolved from gorillas
Gorillas and humans diverged from a common ancestor.
As gorillas evolve, they will become more similar to humans
Gorillas and humans are too different for meaningful genetic comparisons.
The MOST accurate way to determine the evolutionary relationship between two animals is through the examination of
common behaviors
similar physical features
DNA or protein sequences of shared genes.
fossilized ancestors that they may have in common.
What does this diagram represent?
DNA
RNA
a gene
an allele
How are DNA and RNA molecules alike?
They are both double stranded
They both contain nitrogen bases.
Their nitrogen bases always pair A - T and C - G.
They are found in the nucleus and at the ribosomes.
Both DNA and RNA contain a five-carbon sugar. This sugar is
ribose in both DNA and RNA.
deoxyribose in both DNA and RNA.
deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA.
deoxyribose in RNA and ribose in DNA.
Consider the nucleic acid molecule shown here. You can tell from this illustration that the molecule
may be either DNA or RNA.
is RNA and it contains sugar ribose.
is DNA and it contains the sugar ribose
is DNA and it contains the sugar deoxyribose.
What conclusion would be MOST appropriate about the genetic variation between humans and the three apes as illustrated by the phylogenetic tree?
(The human genome comprises about 3 x 109 base pairs of DNA, and no two humans, other than identical twins, ever have been or will be genetically identical. Between any two humans, the amount of genetic variation is about 0.1 percent.)
Genetic variation between all four organisms is non-existent.
The genetic variation between all four organisms is about the same.
The genetic variation between humans and orangutans is the greatest.
Humans branched off from the other three animals due to great genetic variations.
Given the sequence of DNA nucleotide bases TTAGCCTTG, give the complementary strand of mRNA produced during transcription.
AAAAAAAHH
AAGGUAGUA
AAUCGGAAC
AAUTGCCTA
Proteins are
built in the nucleus by DNA and transported to the ribosomes.
converted from nucleic acids to amino acids in the nucleolus.
produced in the lysosomes and transported out of the cell by vacuoles
transported to other parts of the cell by the endoplasmic reticulum from ribosomes.
During the process of _______________, the genetic message from DNA is transformed into mRNA.
transcription
translation
translocation
transplantation
What type of RNA acts like a delivery truck, delivers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis, and then leaves empty again, to go collect another amino acid?
transfer RNA
messenger RNA
ribosomal RNA
mitochondrial RNA
If a portion of a DNA strand has the base sequence ACGACG, what will be the base sequence of the mRNA strand transcribed?
TCGACG
TGCTGC
UCGACG
UGCUGC
The central dogma of molecular biology is centered upon the process of protein synthesis, in which the information from DNA is transcribed and translated, resulting in multiple amino acids being joined to form _______________.
lipids
proteins
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
Which amino acid sequence corresponds with the polypeptide strand AUG CCG UAC GAG UAA? Do not include the start and stop codons.
arginine serine glycine
proline phenylalanine aspartic
proline tyrosine glutamic acid
arginine tyrosine glutamic acid
Which sequence of amino acids corresponds with the RNA strand UCG GGG CAC?
arginine serine glycine
phenylalanine asparagine
serine glycine histidine
arginine tyrosine glutamic acid
The three amino acids, coded here, are assembled during translation. What are the three amino acids, in order of formation?
glycine, isoleucine, alanine
proline, alanine, glycine
serine, alanine, cysteine
glutamic acid, valine serine
You inherit the DNA that composes your chromosomes from your mother and your father. You have inherited a protein that STOPS the production of an enzyme, a protein, to help you digest milk. Scientists have figured out that this protein contains an amino acid that really does say STOP whenever the enzyme starts to be produced. What nitrogen bases, found in your DNA, could be arranged to produce this STOP amino acid?
C,G,U
U,A,T
A,T,G
A,T,C
Protein synthesis is vital for cell growth and metabolism. Transcription and translation are known as the central dogma of biology in which proteins are synthesized from DNA. How is transcription similar to translation in terms of base pairing?
in transcription, RNA is formed; in translation, a polypeptide is formed
transcription starts at the promoter; translation begins at the start codon
in transcription, DNA binds to mRNA; in translation, codons bind to anti-codons
in transcription, C pairs with G and A pairs with T to make mRNA; in translation, A pairs with U and G pairs with C to make tRNA
