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WorksheetsMechanisms of Evolution
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 29mins
As it relates to evolution, what is a mechanism?
a piece of metal in a machine
a punnet square showing a cross between two parents
a cladogram showing evolutionary relationships
process by which something takes place or is brought about
The process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to have greater survival and reproductive success is called
allele frequency
natural selection
mutation
gene flow
This picture is an example of which type of selection?
Artificial Selection
Natural Selection
Heritable traits that are better matched to the environment than others are referred to as
adaptations
mutations
allele frequency
random selection
A(n) ___________________ is one of the possible forms of a gene.
adaptation
phenotype
mutation
allele
A(n)________ is a measure of how common a certain allele is in a population.
Allele Frequency
Gene Pool
Genotypical Number
Genetic Drift
a type of reproduction which involves the fusion of gametes
binary fission
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
meiosis
The image above shows how ___________ can be recombined, leading to an increase in genetic variation.
genes
mutations
adaptations
fitness
What is the greatest advantage of being a sexual organism?
All offspring are genetically different and can survive a new virus, bacteria or environmental change
All offspring are genetically identical and can survive a new virus, bacteria or environmental change
If one dies they all die
What is a species?
A group of organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring.
A group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring even if those offspring are infertile.
A group of organisms that genetically are very different from each other.
Indivual organisms that live in the same environment.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
speciation
biological species concept
reproductive barrier
natural selection
Which term is being described? Yellow toucan birds seek out one another to make babies together and tend to avoid the green toucan birds.
Genetic Drift
Non-random mating
Gene flow
Mutation
a random change in the dna of an organism
allele
mutation
gene
mitosis
True or False? Only mutations that occur in gametes are heritable.
True
False
True or False? Mutations are always beneficial to an organism as they lead to an increase in genetic variation and thus, fitness.
True
False
_________ _____ refers to the movement of individuals and/or genetic material from one population to another.
Natural Selection
Allele frequency
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Which of the statements on the screen best describes the definition of gene flow?
Certain genetic traits that increase mating success
Some organisms are better matched to their environment than others
The transfer of alleles into or out of a population
A random change in an organism’s DNA
___________ ________ is a change in the allele frequency or gene pool of a population simply due to random chance.
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Somatic mutation
True or False? Genetic drift often causes a loss of genetic diversity in a population.
True
False
True or False? Genetic drift is a change in the frequency of alleles within a population due to artificial selection
True
False
True or False? The impact of genetic drift is greatest on small populations
True
False
A special type of genetic drift in which a small group colonizes a new area is referred to as
Bottleneck Effect
Founder Effect
Speciation
Gene flow
This occurs when a catastrophic event causes a population to decrease dramatically in size
Bottleneck Effect
Founder Effect
Gene Flow
Random mutation
Some natural examples of catastrophic events that can cause a population bottleneck include all of the following except
volcanic eruptions
forest fires
torrential floods
seasonal rainfall
True or False? Many instances of the bottleneck effect in plant and animal populations over the past three centuries are due to human impacts
True
False
Are you ready for some practice questions? (Evaluate each of the following scenarios and choose the correct answer.)
NO, I NEED TO REVIEW MY NOTES BEFORE I TRY.
YES!!!!! LET'S DO THIS!
Which type of genetic drift is being described? A fire devastates a forest. Only a few cottontail rabbits survive.
Founder Effect
Bottleneck Effect
Which mechanism of evolution is being described? Wolves from the Arizona mesa were transferred to the Colorado Rockies after a forest fire destroyed their habitat. They quickly became part of the local pack and had offspring.
Mutation
Natural Selection
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Which type of genetic drift is being described? Several black rats travel in a garbage truck to a landfill and establish a new colony.
Founder Effect
Bottleneck Effect
Which type of genetic drift is being described? Ballast tanks in a foreign ship release zebra mussel larvae (a non-native species) into Lake Michigan .
Founder Effect
Bottleneck Effect
Which type of genetic drift is being described? Hurricane Enrique destroys the majority of a population of hummingbirds off the coast of California
Founder Effect
Bottleneck Effect
Five hundred years after the deer had established a flourishing population in the park, a few of them venture back to their original woods and have babies with the deer there.
Genetic Drift
Mutations
Non-random mating
Gene flow
Which of these mechanisms is most likely to lead to an increase in genetic variation in a population?
Genetic Drift
Gene Flow
Bats are common in Texas, especially in rocky regions. Bats with longer hang claws have demonstrated higher fitness because of their ability to cling to rock while resting. This adaptation is becoming more frequent in the population. What mechanism of evolution is this?
Natural Selection
Non-random mating
Gene Flow
Genetic Drift
_______ are two sources of genetic variation in a population
Bottleneck and Bacteria
Small Population and Viruses
Mutations and Recombination
Founder Effect and Artificial Mating
