NEW
Font size
WorksheetsUnit 4 Molecular Genetics
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 38mins
What makes up the DNA?
tRNA
nucleotide
amino acids
mRNA
what do the lines between the A-T and G-C pairs represent?
ionic bonds
hydrogen bonds
covalent bonds
van der walls forces
If the DNA molecule with 6 paired nitrogen bases were transcribed, how many codons would the resulting mRNA molecule contain?
1
2
3
6
If there are 6 pairs of nitrogen bases, how many nucleotides would be created?
2
1
6
12
Which portion of the DNA molecule varies from nucleotide to nucleotide and thus serves as the portion of the nucleotide which codes for amino acid sequences?
phosphate sugar
ribose sugar
nitrogenous bases
hydrogen bonds
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sequence for Normal Hemoglobin
DNA Sequence
ATGGTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT
Amino Acid Seq.
STARTValHisLeuThrProGluGluLysSerAlaVal
The Sequence for Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
DNA Sequence
ATGGTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT
Amino Acid Seq.
STARTValHisLeuThrProValGluLysSerAlaVal
Sickle Cell Anemia is a blood disorder caused by an error in the amino acid sequence of the protein hemoglobin. Figure 2 depicts the normal hemoglobin DNA sequence and amino acid sequence and the sequences found in patients affected by sickle cell anemia. Why would the highlighted changes likely cause problems for affected individuals?
Different amino acids have different polarities. The change in the amino acid sequence thus causes a change in the overall shape of the protein. Since structure largely determines function, the changed protein doesn’t function correctly.
The indicated changes should have little effect on the overall protein structure/function. The problem must have something to do with the mRNA instead of the DNA.
Since “Val” and “Glu” are very similar amino acids, the amino acid substitution is not the cause of the symptoms associated with sickle cell. The problem must be related to the environment.
none of the above
Sickle Cell Anemia
Sequence for Normal Hemoglobin
DNA Sequence
ATGGTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT
Amino Acid Seq.
STARTValHisLeuThrProGluGluLysSerAlaVal
The Sequence for Sickle Cell Hemoglobin
DNA Sequence
ATGGTG CAC CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT GCC GTT ACT
Amino Acid Seq.
STARTValHisLeuThrProValGluLysSerAlaVal
What mRNA would be transcribed from the normal hemoglobin DNA?
TAC CAC GTG GAC TGA GGA CAC CTC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA
UAC CAC GUC GAC UGA GGA CUC CUC UUC AGA CGG CAA UGA
UAC CAC GUG GAC UGA GGA CAC CUC UUC AGA CGG CAA UGA
TAC CAC GTC GAC TGA GGA CTC CUC TTC AGA CGG CAA TGA
Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by a “point” mutation. Which of the following correctly describes this type of mutation?
A nucleotide or group of nucleotides is inserted into the wrong location in the DNA. This changes the order in which the nucleotides are “read” and results in the synthesis of an incorrect amino acid sequence.
A nucleotide or group of nucleotides is deleted from the DNA. This changes the order in which the nucleotides are “read” and results in the synthesis of an incorrect amino acid sequence.
An incorrect nucleotide is substituted for the correct nucleotide. This changes one codon in the gene sequence. This results in a change in one amino acid in the protein. This change in one amino acid changes the overall shape/function of the protein.
Several incorrect nucleotides are substituted for their correct counterparts. This changes several of the amino acids in the protein and results in a protein that is misshapen and not functional.
What process is occurring in Figure 3?
DNA replication
transcription
translation
mitosis
What is structure 1?
tRNA
mRNA
DNA
rRNA
Which represents an anticodon?
1
2
3
4
Which represents an amino acid?
1
2
3
4
Which represents a codon?
5
2
3
4
Which represents a polypeptide chain?
2
3
4
5
Which of the following best describes the flow of information in a cell?
mRNA → DNA → tRNAtrait
tRNA → mRNA → proteintrait
DNA → mRNA → proteintrait
protein → DNA → mRNAtrait
Which of the following are joined by peptide bonds during the process of protein synthesis?
monosachharides
triglycerides
nucleotides
amino acids
If the nucleotide shown in Figure 4 belongs to an RNA molecule, the structure labeled C could be any of the following EXCEPT:
adenine
guanine
thymine
uracil
If the nucleotide shown belongs to a DNA molecule, the structure labeled B could be
adenine
deoxyribose
phosphate
ribose
the process of transcription is occuring where?
a
b
c
d
Which labeled structure is tRNA?
A
B
C
D
Which structure is a ribosome?
B
C
D
E
What mRNA sequence would be transcribed from the DNA Template sequence included in Figure 6?
FIg 6 DNA: TAC CCG AAA CGC TTT ACC ACT
ATG GGC UUU GCG AAA UGG UGA
AUG GGC UUU GCG AAA UGG UGA
TAC CCG AAA CGC TTT ACC TCT
ATG GGC TTT GCG AAA TGG TGA
What amino acid sequence should be synthesized from the DNA template sequence included in Figure 6?
FIg 6 DNA: TAC CCG AAA CGC TTT ACC ACT
AUG GGC UUU GCG AAA UGG UGA
Met-Gly-Phe-Ala-Lys-Trp
Tyr-Pro-Lys-Arg-Phe-Thr-Thr
Phe-Leu-Ala-Ala-Glu-Glu-Gly
What happens during the process of translation?
Messenger RNA is made from DNA
Transfer RNA is make from messenger RNA
Copies of DNA are made
The cell uses messenger RNA to produce proteins
Which of the following best describes the function of DNA?
DNA codes for mRNA which determines the properties and traits of an organism.
DNA codes for the amino acid sequences of the body’s proteins. Proteins determine the traits of an organism.
DNA codes for tRNA which then determines the traits of all organisms.
mRNA codes for DNA which then determines the amino acid sequence of the body’s proteins.
Who FIRST showed that DNA was the transforming factor?
Griffith
Avery
Chargaff
Franklin
An organism's phenotype
is the code for its traits
is all of its traits
fruit smoothie
is its genotype
Which best describes how a new phenotypic characteristic may result from a change in the DNA sequence of a gene.
The DNA sequence codes for the order of the amino acids found in a protein. Each of the 20 amino acids have different chemical properties and polarities. If the DNA sequence is changed due to a mutation, this causes the order of the amino acids in the protein to change. This causes the overall shape and therefore function of the protein to change. This change in protein structure can cause phenotypic changes.
the phenotype is controlled by random chance. So it can randomly be changed at any time.
The photosynthesis of plants, change how our genes line up when we eat them., This change causes a vast array of phyotypical combinations. This shows that we could have many different and new genes expressed every day.
It is due to the processes of transcription and transduction.
Describe how the processes of transcription and translation lead to the synthesis of the body’s proteins.
during transcription, the DNA template strand is used a pattern for building a molecule of mRNA. The mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome. During translation, the ribosomes use the sequence of nitrogenous bases contained in the mRNA as code for assembling a chain of amino acids. Several of the polypeptide chains are combined to form a protein.
during translation the DNA template strand is used a pattern for building a molecule of mRNA. The mRNA molecule leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome. During transcription, the ribosomes use the sequence of nitrogenous bases contained in the mRNA as code for assembling a chain of amino acids. Several of the polypeptide chains are combined to form a protein.
Different amino acids have different polarities. The change in the amino acid sequence thus causes a change in the overall shape of the protein. Since structure largely determines function, the changed protein doesn’t function correctly.
I have no clue
