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Scientific Revolution, Enlightenment, Age of Revolutions

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
According to Copernicus, the sun  
a)
Revolved around the earth
b)
Was the center of the Universe
c)
Was the biggest star
d)
 Had many moons
2.
Galileo was tried for heresy because he argued  
a)
That heaven did not exist
b)
That Earth revolved around the sun
c)
Against the law of gravity
d)
That the sun revolved around the Earth
3.

The idea that the EARTH is the center of the universe is the ___________ theory.

a)

geocentric

b)

heliocentric

c)

earthcentric

d)

world's worst

4.
During the scientific  revolution people started using experiments to test theories rather than just believing the ___________
a)
King
b)
Family
c)
Church
d)
Sir Salami 
5.

A new way of thinking based on the observation of the natural world and the questioning of old ideas.

a)

scientific revolution

b)

geocentric theory

c)

catholic church

d)

social contract

6.
How did scientists begin challenging authority during the Scientific Revolution?  
a)
 By testing old beliefs using logic, math and observations
b)
 By reading classic literature
c)
By collecting samples of plant life
d)
 By forming new government ideas 
7.
Renaissance humanism greatly influenced the Scientific Revolution. It held that beliefs based upon what a person observed and experienced were more valid than beliefs based upon
a)
religious teachings
b)
pagan philosophy
c)
the dignity of man
d)
a person’s nature
8.

During the Middle Ages, BEFORE the Scientific Revolution, questions about the world were answered by?

a)

Ancient Scholars & the Church

b)

The King or Queen

c)

Ancient Scholars & Monarchs

d)

Monarchs & the Church

9.
During the Scientific Revolution, European scientists focused their work on explaining
a)
how government affects the individual.
b)
Life
c)
advanced chemistry
d)
the workings of the natural world
10.
What is the term for a "sun-centered" universe?
a)
Heresy
b)
heliocentric
c)
geocentric
d)
absolutism
11.
Which time period is Isaac Newton associated with?
a)
Latin American Revolutions
b)
Scientific Revolution 
c)
Enlightenment
d)
French Revolution
12.
Why was Galileo put on house arrest?
a)
He went against the heliocentric theory
b)
He went against the geocentric theory
c)
He disproved Newton's laws of gravity
d)
he stated the church was above the rules
13.
English physicist and mathematician who developed the Laws of Motion and the Law of Gravity.
a)
Sir Francis Bacon
b)
Thomas Hobbes
c)
John Locke
d)
Sir Isaac Newton
14.

Which term best defines the concept or theory that the earth is at the center of the universe?

a)

Heliocentric

b)

Geocentric

c)

Eurocentric

d)

Egotistical

15.

A process of stating a problem, a hypothesis, a research process, and conclusion:

a)

scientific method

b)

formal logic

c)

ellipse

d)

experiment

16.

What began to be questioned during the Scientific Revolution?

a)

The Church

b)

Nothing

c)

Laws

d)

Existence

17.
The law of universal gravitation is credited to whom? 
a)
Einstein 
b)
Galileo
c)
Darwin
d)
Newton 
18.

The Catholic Church opposed the theories of the Scientific Revolution on the basis that they:

a)

contradicted traditional Church teachings

b)

contradicted the traditional teachings of Greco-Roman philosophers

c)

could have caused changes in the way the masses thought about science and the creation of life and the world

d)

did not want to admit they were wrong

19.

Scientists began using _____________ and _______________ instead of placing their beliefs in faith.

a)

History and Religion

b)

Math and Science

c)

Math and History

d)

Reason and Logic

20.
What is divine right?
a)
The right to rule was given to the monarch by God
b)
a Birth right
c)
soldiers for hire
d)
a monarch for hire
21.
Louis XIV built this as a symbol of his power and wealth?
a)
Arc De Triumph
b)
Palace of Versailles
c)
Eiffel Tower
d)
El Escorial 
22.
This is a ruler with complete authority over the government and lives of the people.
a)
Supreme Monarch
b)
Absolute Monarch
c)
Monarch
d)
Queen
23.
One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both
a)
led to increased power for royal families in Europe
b)
sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science
c)
questioned traditional values and past practices
d)
promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe
24.
The ideas of Enlightenment philosophers were based on
a)
efforts to achieve salvation
b)
faith in human reason
c)
traditional practices
d)
the inevitability of poverty
25.
Enlightenment thinker who believed in natural rights (Life, liberty, property):
a)
Montesquieu
b)
Voltaire
c)
Locke
d)
Rousseau
26.
Which philosopher believed that a government with separation of powers was the best type of government? 
a)
John Locke 
b)
Voltaire
c)
Montesquieu
d)
Rousseau
27.

Which is NOT true about the legacy of the Enlightenment?

a)

destroyed freedom

b)

inspired the American Revolution

c)

questioned the church

d)

focused on individual rights

28.
John Locke and Voltaire inspired the "Bill of Rights" which guarantee the ....
a)
Protection of individual rights
b)
Majority rule
c)
separation of powers
d)
idea of a perfect union
29.
In the French Revolution, which estate had 98% of the people and were considered to be peasants/commoners?
a)
1st Estate
b)
2nd Estate
c)
3rd Estate
30.
In France, they used a system of voting called the "Estates-General". Describe this system.
a)
Each person gets a vote
b)
Each Estate gets a vote
c)
Only the 1st Estate people vote
d)
Only the 1st and 2nd Estate people vote
31.
Which time period in history caused the French Revolution to happen?
a)
Scientific Revolution
b)
World War I
c)
Enlightenment
d)
Nationalism
32.
Which best describes the "Reign of Terror"?
a)
the voting process in France where each estate gets a vote
b)
when enemies of the revolution were executed by guillotine
c)
King Louis' period when he starved the 1st Estate
d)
Napoleon's period of taking over land
33.

Philosophers of the Enlightenment wanted to use __________ in all areas of life.

a)

government

b)

economics

c)

politics

d)

reason

34.

Americans used _________________'s idea of separation of powers to write the US Constitution.

a)

Montesquieu

b)

Hobbes

c)

Rousseau

d)

Voltaire

35.
Use the excerpt below to answer the question.
 1. Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good.
2. The aim of all political association is the preservation of . . . liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.
—Declaration of the Rights of Man, 1789  
The provisions in this excerpt are based on the basic principle of
a)
natural rights.
b)
checks and balances.
c)
universal suffrage.
d)
class privileges.
36.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness . . ."— The Declaration of Independence
Which Enlightenment thinker most directly influenced the notion expressed in this passage?
a)
Montesque
b)
Hobbes
c)
Voltaire
d)
Locke
37.

According to Enlightenment ideas, governments exist to...

a)

serve the ruler

b)

serve the constituents / governed

c)

serve the monarchy / royal family

d)

serve the church

38.
A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for
a)
a return to medieval ideas
b)
the use of reason for rational and logical thinking
c)
overseas expansion by western European nations
d)
strengthening the power of the organized religions
39.
The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar in that they:
a)
strengthened the economy.
b)
led to the Cold War.
c)
rejected civil rights.
d)
encouraged new ideas.
40.

John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote about the government’s obligation to uphold people’s rights and

how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. The new ideas encouraged people to do

which of the following?

a)

Look for leaders that would use dictatorial powers

b)

Continue to support absolute monarchs

c)

Engage in revolutions to establish democratic governments

d)

Call for church leasers to create theocracies

41.
A common theme among Enlightenment thinkers was
a)
there was not a common theme among the enlightenment thinkers
b)
faith in traditional religious beliefs.
c)
a belief in the inherent goodness of humanity.
d)
support for democratic forms of government.
42.

What did John Locke and Thomas Jefferson believe the people should do if their government did not protect their natural rights?

a)

Appeal to the national religion to protect their natural rights

b)

Peacefully protest to a higher authority

c)

Overthrow their government

d)

Change their natural rights

43.
John Locke and Voltaire would most likely to support which of the following? 
a)
a return to feudalism in Europe
b)
a society ruled by the Catholic Church
c)
government ruled by a divine right monarchy
d)
many individual rights for all citizens
44.

Which group was taxed the most prior to the Revolution?

a)

1st Estate

b)

2nd Estate

c)

3rd Estate

d)

All taxed equally

45.
Which of the following fueled French desires to revolt against the monarchy?
a)
The Reign of Terror and the Ideas of the Enlightenment
b)
The Napoleonic Code and ideas of the Enlightenment
c)
Ideas of the Enlightenment and the American revolution
d)
The Scientific Revolution and the Reign of Terror
46.
Which of the following was a cause of the French Revolution?
a)
unequal tax burdens; the Third Estate paid all of the taxes
b)
a growing French Empire
c)
a law granting peasants more freedom
d)
equal land ownership
47.

Middle class, urban workers, rural peasants. Made up 98% of the population. Had to pay ALL the taxes

a)

1st Estate

b)

2nd Estate

c)

3rd Estate

d)

Estate System

48.
What was a desire of Simon Bolivar?
a)
to unite South America into one nation
b)
to unite the Caribbean islands into one nation 
c)
to unite European nations into one nation
d)
to unite Africa into one country
49.
What did the American Revolution, Enlightenment, and French Revolution inspire?
a)
Latin American Revolutions
b)
the Industrial Revolution
c)
Imperialism
d)
Socialism
50.

Who was the man responsible for freeing the continent of South America from Spanish colonial rule?

a)

Miguel Hidalgo

b)

Simon Bolivar

c)

Christopher Columbus

d)

Toussaint L'Ouverture

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