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Genetics

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
offspring are identical to parents
b)
offspring are resistant to viruses
c)
offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs
d)
offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information
2.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; what you see.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (ex. TT or tt)
d)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
3.
The inherited combination of alleles is known as the offspring's
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
redigree
4.
An organism's appearance is known as its
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
pedigree
5.
Sex cells are produced through the process of
a)
mitosis
b)
cytokinesis
c)
binary fission
d)
meiosis
6.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
7.
Which characteristic is inherited?
a)
hair color
b)
sleeping late
c)
enjoying hiking
d)
loving to read
8.
phenotypes that is a blend of the heterozygous gene pair
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
multiple alleles
c)
regulatory genes
9.
has more than 2 variations
a)
regulatory genes
b)
multiple alleles
c)
mendelian inheritance
10.
the genetic code for the gene
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
c)
homozygous
11.
trait shows only if both parents pass it on
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
codominan
12.
the following letters are an example of _______  dd
a)
recessive
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
homozygous dominant
d)
dominant
13.
shows even if only one parent passes on the gene
a)
recessive
b)
regulatory gene
c)
dominant
14.
the physical look of a trait
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
c)
recessive
15.
DD is an example of
a)
homozygous recessive
b)
dominant
c)
Homozygous dominant
d)
recessive
16.
Dd letters are an example of....
a)
heterozygous genes
b)
homozygous genes
c)
dominant genes
d)
recessive genes
17.
rule where genes come in only dominant or recessive
a)
Regulatory Genes
b)
Mendelian Inheritance
c)
Incomplete Dominance
18.
phenotypes that shows both traits
a)
semi-dominant
b)
heterozygous
c)
codominance
19.
when you have two of the same genes
a)
heterozygous
b)
recessive
c)
homozygous
20.
when you have two different genes
a)
heterozygous
b)
dominant
c)
homozygous
21.
Who is considered the "father" of modern genetics?
a)
Einstein
b)
Mendel
c)
Disney
d)
Trump
22.
What type of "square" helps us solve genetic problems?
a)
carpenter square
b)
Mendel square
c)
Punnett square
d)
genetic square
23.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)
homozygous
b)
heterozygous
c)
different
d)
homologous 
24.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body.  What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
25.
"The Great White Shark was 20 feet in length.  Phenotype or Genotype?
a)
phenotype
b)
genotype
26.
Females-XX; MalesXY.  A couple has 4 girls.  What is the chance the next child will be a boy?
a)
75%
b)
100%
c)
25%
d)
50%
27.
If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?
a)
tall
b)
short
c)
medium
d)
not enough info
28.
A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
trait
c)
strong muscles
d)
ability to fly a plane.
29.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
30.
Term for an organism that display two dominant phenotypes at the same time
a)
codominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
linked genes
31.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
32.
Which of the following is homozygous dominant?
a)
Yy
b)
Y
c)
yy
d)
YY
33.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
34.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
35.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
36.
In this punnett square, which is the dominant trait?
The B stands for bud.
a)
purple flower bud
b)
white flower bud
c)
dominant
d)
recessive
37.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
38.
this image is an example of
a)
codominance
b)
dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
39.
In a Punnett square each box represents a(n)....
a)
offspring
b)
parent
c)
gene
d)
trait
40.
Is this punnet square true or false?
a)
False, because there should be 3 dominate alleles.
b)
True.
c)
False, because There should be 3 recessive alleles.
d)
I don't know....
41.
How many chromosomes are in a sex cell?
a)
46
b)
23
c)
26
d)
43
42.
The genetic characteristics of recessive genes
a)
tend to mask the characteristics of dominant genes.
b)
are always expressed in the phenotype.
c)
are usually codominant.
d)
tend to be masked by the characteristics of dominant genes.
43.

If a homozygous black cat (BB) is crossed with a homozygous white cat (bb), what is the probability of having a cat with white fur?

a)

100%

b)

0%

c)

75%

d)

25%

44.

A mother gives birth to a son, she then gives birth to a daughter. What is the likely hood that she will have another son?

a)

75%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

45.

An organism's reproductive cells, or sex cells, are called _____.

a)

bacteria

b)

prokaryotes

c)

gametes

d)

pathogens

46.

How many chromosomes does a human body cell have, total?

a)

48

b)

46

c)

23

d)

47

47.

Chromosomes that are paired by size and content are called _______ chromosomes.

a)

homeostasis

b)

homologous

c)

matching

d)

sister

48.

Body cells are also called _________ cells.

a)

normal

b)

prokaryotic

c)

pathogens

d)

somatic

49.

Cells that contain 2 sets of chromosomes are called _________ (2n).

a)

diploid

b)

haploid

c)

triploid

d)

polyploid

50.

Cells that contain only ONE set of chromosomes are called ________ (n).

a)

diploid

b)

polyploid

c)

triploid

d)

haploid

51.

A _______ is an egg that has been fertilized by a sperm cell.

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

zygote

d)

embryo

52.

The 23rd pair of chromosomes that do determine the sex of an individual are called ___________.

a)

sex chromosomes

b)

autosomes

c)

homologous

d)

genes

53.

The 2 female sex chromosomes are ___.

a)

XY

b)

XX

54.

A photo of the chromosomes in a dividing cell that are arranged by size is called a _________.

a)

mutation

b)

gene

c)

picture

d)

karyotype

55.

Down Syndrome is also known as _________.

a)

Trisomy 18

b)

Trisomy 21

c)

Monosomy X

d)

Trisomy 13

56.

Which chromosomes are shown in the image?

a)

Sex Chromosomes

b)

Autosomes

c)

Trisomy

d)

Monosomy

57.
Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.
a)
female
b)
male
58.
Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.
a)
female
b)
male
59.
Which individual in the first generation is a carrier?
a)
The male
b)
The female
c)
individual 1
d)
None of the above
60.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
61.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
62.
In a pedigree, what shape represents a male?
a)
circle
b)
square
c)
triangle
d)
diamond
63.
Lisa has two grandmothers in this picture.
a)
Mona and Jackie
b)
Marge and Mona
c)
Selma and Jackie
d)
Patty and Selma
64.
Hemophilia is a recessive sex-linked trait. If H = normal & h = has hemophilia, which genotype represents a male with hemophilia. 
a)
XHY
b)
XHXh
c)
XhXh
d)
XhY 
65.
How many children did I-3 and I-4 have?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
66.
Imagine the shaded individuals are those WITH a "hitchhikers thumb." What must be the genotype of individual II-1?
a)
TT
b)
tt
c)
Tt
d)
Impossible to tell
67.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
68.
What do we use pedigrees for?
a)
To look at families
b)
To make determinations about the offspring
c)
To track traits in families
d)
Nothing
69.
Why do all the daughters in Generation II carry the colorblind gene?
a)
Because mom passed on the gene.
b)
Because dad passed on the X chromosome.
c)
Because their brother has it.
d)
Because their brother gave it to them.
70.
What does a horizontal line between a square and a circle mean?
a)
They are siblings
b)
They are cousins
c)
They are married ("together")
d)
They are the children
71.
What does a vertical line coming down from a square and circle that are connected by horizontal line indicate?
a)
They are cousins
b)
The children
c)
Aunts and Uncles
72.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
73.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
74.
What percentage of the female offspring will be a carrier for this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
50%
c)
100%
d)
25%
75.
What percentage of the offspring will have this recessive disease?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
76.
A roan cow shows co-dominance in fur color (orange and white). What is the expected phenotypic ratio if a roan cow and a roan steer mate together?
a)
100% Orange
b)
1: Orange : 1 White
c)
1 Orange: 1 Roan
d)
1: Orange: 2  Roan: 1 White
77.
If a male has an affected x chromosome for a sex-linked trait such as colorblindness, where did he get the chromosome from?
a)
His father
b)
His mother
78.
If a colorblind male marries a woman who is a carrier, what percentage of their FEMALE children will be colorblind?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
79.
Which of the following would be an example of codominant inheritance in humans
a)
Type A
b)
Type AB
c)
Type O
d)
Type B
80.
Why is it that males are more likely to inherit sex-linked traits than females?
a)
males require 2 copies of the allele
b)
males inherit the Y from their mother
c)
males and females inherit the same trait
d)
males require 1 copy of the allele
81.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are separated during meiosis?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

82.

Which of Mendel's laws states that alleles are distributed to gametes independent of one another?

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

83.

Law of Segregation

a)

every organism has two alleles which separate when gametes are produced

b)

alleles for traits are the same

c)

genes from different traits are inherited independently of one another

d)

the allele combination of an organism

84.

Law of Independent Assortment

a)

every organism has two alleles which separate when gametes are produced

b)

alleles for traits are the same

c)

genes from different traits are inherited independently of one another

d)

the allele combination of an organism

85.
How do linked genes violate Mendel's laws of inheritance?
a)
They do no separate in anaphase I.
b)
They are inherited together on the same chromosome, so they look like they are inherited together rather than in any possible combination.
c)
They are never dominant in the heterozygote, which means that a heterozygote with a linked gene can never show the dominant phenotype.
86.
___________________________ is the study of how traits are passed on, or inherited.
a)
dominant traits
b)
ratio
c)
phenotype
d)
genetics
87.

What happened to the green trait in Mendel's pea plants?

a)

It provide support to Darwin's theory of evolution by disappearing.

b)

The pea plants produced 50% less green seeds

c)

It was hidden by the dominant yellow gene

d)

The resulting plants were yellow/green-ish

88.

How did Mendel refer to the two kinds of traits exhibited by the pea plants (one coming from the father, one from the mother)?

a)

Gametogenic

b)

Elective traits

c)

Alleles

d)

Sequals

89.
Gregor Mendel’s principles of genetics apply to
a)
plants only
b)
animals only 
c)
pea plants only 
d)
all organisms that reproduce sexually
90.
Before Mendel how did people think you got your traits
a)
equal from each parent
b)
more from the dad
c)
more from the mom
d)
from a stork
91.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

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