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Plant Structure, Function, and Reproduction

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Parts of a mature gametophyte produce gametes through a process of

a)

Meiosis

b)

Alternation of generations

c)

Mitosis

d)

Fertilization

2.

Seedless plants disperse to new areas using...

a)

Cones

b)

Gametes

c)

Capsules

d)

Spores

3.

When a sperm of a conifer fertilizes an egg, it forms a(n)

a)

Flagellum

b)

Zygote

c)

Ovule

d)

Seed

4.

In the figure, in what are structure are the small grains falling out of the flower produced?

a)

The sepals behind the petals

b)

The stigma of the carpel

c)

The anthers on the stamens

d)

The filament of the pistil

5.

Colorful fragrant flowers are most likely pollinated by...

a)

Animals

b)

Wind

c)

Spores

d)

Water

6.

A coconut fruit can function in dispersing coconut seeds by...

a)

Floating in the water

b)

being carried by the wind

c)

Sticking to animal’s fur

d)

Being grown by humans

7.

During dormancy, what plant stage is protected from extreme conditions by the seed coat?

a)

The seedling

b)

The embryo

c)

The mature plant

d)

The radicle

8.

At what point is a young plant called a seedling?

a)

When the embryo breaks out of the seed coat

b)

When the radicle breaks through the seed coat

c)

When sugars move to the embryo

d)

When photosynthesis begins

9.

What would happen during a plant’s life cycle if meiosis did not occur?

a)

The number of chromosomes would not change

b)

The number of chromosomes would be cut in half every cycle

c)

The number of chromosomes would double every cycle

d)

The number of chromosomes would triple every cycle

10.

Why do mosses require a wet environment to reproduce

a)

The sporangia can form only in water

b)

The gametophyte needs to be in water to produce gametes

c)

The spores must be dispersed by water

d)

The sperm must swim thru water to reach an egg

11.

Pine trees each have two different kinds of cones. These are

a)

Haploid and diploid

b)

Male and female

c)

Homozygous and heterozygous

d)

1n and 2n

12.

How would a plant with red flowers most likely be affected if you removed the red petals?

a)

It would be less able to attract animal pollinators

b)

It would be less able to pollinate using the wind

c)

It would not be able to grow as tall

d)

It would not be able to produce pollen

13.

Where would the small grains falling out of the flower need to land for fertilization to take place?

a)

On the sepal

b)

On the stigma

c)

On the stamen

d)

On the anther

14.

How do some animal pollinators benefit from helping to pollinate plants?

a)

They use the petals to make their shelters

b)

The plants protect them from predators

c)

They gain pollen or nectar to eat

d)

The pollen they collect helps them to find a mate

15.

The seeds of blueberry plants are often dispersed after passing thru the digestive system of an animal that eat blueberries. What additional benefits to blueberry seeds experience after being dispersed this way?

a)

Having blueberry flesh for nutrients

b)

Having animal feces as fertilizer

c)

Having deep soil covering them

d)

Having no other predators

16.

How do some animal pollinators benefit from helping to pollinate plants?

a)

They use the petals to make their shelters

b)

The plants protect them from predators

c)

They gain pollen or nectar to eat

d)

The pollen they collect helps them to find a mate

17.

Why do seeds being stored for future use have to be kept dry

a)

Water will cause the radicle to rot

b)

Water interferes with the actions of enzymes

c)

Water will prevent the embryo from growing

d)

Water can cause the seeds to germinate

18.

In scientific terms, a fruit is a flower’s

a)

Mature ovary

b)

Sweet-tasting structure

c)

Brightly colored structure

d)

Enlarged seed

19.

Which leaf adaptations occur to minimize water loss in both deserts and cold dry climates?

a)

Plump leaves that store water

b)

Large and broad leaves

c)

Needles and spines

d)

Compound and double compound leaves

20.

What is the function of the plasmodesmata?

a)

They support and protect plants

b)

They allow cells to share materials

c)

They store starch, oils, and water

d)

They carry out photosynthesis

21.

Primary growth increases a plant’s

a)

Flowers

b)

Branches

c)

Length

d)

Thickness

22.

What happens to the guard cells when a plant is losing water from transpiration faster than it is gaining water at its roots?

a)

They deflate and open the stomata

b)

They inflate and open the stomata

c)

They deflate and close the stomata

d)

They inflate and close the stomata

23.

A plant’s ground tissue is found...

a)

in its outer layer

b)

Only in its leaves

c)

Above the ground

d)

Throughout the plant

24.

Transpiration lowers the pressure in the leaf xylem, creating a vacuum that...

a)

Forces water out of the leaves

b)

Pulls water upward

c)

Attracts water to the xylem wall

d)

Moves water into the phloem

25.

Which type of tissues makes up most of the inside of the plant?

a)

Dermal

b)

Ground

c)

Vascular

d)

Phloem

26.

How would most plants first be affected if they did not lose water by transpiration?

a)

They would be unable to carry out photosynthesis

b)

They would be unable to lift water to their top branches

c)

They would be unable to move sugars thru the phloem

d)

They would be unable to form sclerenchyma cells

27.

What are the protective cells at the very tip of the root called?

a)

Meristem

b)

Root Cap

c)

Vascular Cylinder

d)

Root Hairs

28.

Roots absorb water partly through tiny extensions of dermal cells called

a)

Lateral meristems

b)

Apical meristems

c)

Vascular cylinders

d)

Root hairs

29.

What does each ring represent in the cross section of a tree trunk?

a)

One winter of growth

b)

One year of growth

c)

Five years of growth

d)

Ten years of growth

30.

The blade of a leaf is connected to the stem by a thin stalk called a...

a)

Mesophyll

b)

Culticle

c)

Bud

d)

Petiole

31.

The upper surfaces of leaves are used mainly for

a)

Light gathering

b)

Gas exhange

c)

Collecting water

d)

Protection from predators

32.

What is the function of the cone cells at the very tip of the root tip?

a)

To produce new growth by dividing

b)

To protect the growing part of the root

c)

To absorb water from the soil

d)

To grow lateral meristems

33.

Primary growth increases a plant’s

a)

Length

b)

branches

c)

Flowers

d)

Thickness

34.

The thin stalk that attaches a leaf to a stem is called a

a)

Blade

b)

Cuticle

c)

Bud

d)

Petiole

35.

A single leaf can be identified by

a)

The location of the auxiliary bud

b)

The number of blades

c)

The vein pattern

d)

The leaf margin

36.

In double fertilization, one sperm fertilizes an egg, and the other forms a...

a)

Haploid cell

b)

Diploid cell

c)

Triploid cell

d)

Polar cell

37.

Strawberries reproduce mainly by seeding out runners, or

a)

Rhizomes

b)

Stolons

c)

Tubers

d)

Bulbs

38.

Plant growers create new plants from parts of a parent plant using the process of...

a)

Sexual reproduction

b)

Vegetative propagation

c)

Stolon running

d)

Rhizomes budding

39.

Which type of plant hormone produces dramatic increases in the size of a plant?

a)

Gibberelins

b)

Ethylene

c)

Auxins

d)

Cytokinins

40.

Cutting off the growing tip of a plan reduces the auxin in the primary stem and encourages growth

a)

Toward light

b)

of side branches

c)

In the fruit harvest

d)

Beyond normal size

41.

A root growing downward and a shoot growing upward are both examples of...

a)

Phototropism

b)

Thigmatropism

c)

Photoperiodism

d)

Gravitropism

42.

What would happen during a plants life cycle if meiosis did not occur?

a)

The number of chromosomes would not change

b)

The number of chromosomes would cut in half every cycle

c)

The number of chromosomes would double every cycle

d)

The number of chromosomes would triple every cycle

43.

How would a germinating seed likely be affected if it were grown in an environment with no gravity?

a)

The root and shoot would be unable to grow

b)

The root and shoot would grow in random directions

c)

The root and shoot would grow away from light

d)

The root and shoot would only grow in the dark

44.

WHy are there holes in the bags containing apples?

a)

To prevent ethylene buildup that would make them rot

b)

To prevent hormones from being produces

c)

To prevent auxin build up that would make their stems grow

d)

To prevent cytokinin buildup which would make them grow larger

45.

Branches from a tree with tasty apples were grafted onto a tree that grows well at low temps. Which characteristic will the resulting offspring likely have?

a)

Poor tasting fruits

b)

Tasty fruit

c)

No fruit

d)

Seedless fruit

46.

What would be the best way to prevent a plant that produces rhizomes from spreading?

a)

Give it lots of water

b)

Plant it in a small container

c)

Put it in a shady spot

d)

Do not fertilize it

47.

In scientific terms, a fruit is a flower’s...

a)

Mature ovary

b)

Sweet tasting structure

c)

Brightly colored structure

d)

Enlarged seed

48.

What response results in a plant that blooms the same time each year?

a)

Thigmatropism

b)

Cytokinins

c)

Gibberellins

d)

Photoperiodism

49.

The figure shows auxins inside the cell of a plant stem. From which direction is light coming?

a)

The right

b)

The top

c)

The left

d)

The borrom

50.

The figure shows auxin buildup inside of a plant stem. Where in the stem have auxins built up the most?

a)

On the right

b)

On the left

c)

In the middle

d)

On the lit side