first city in America, est in 1565 by Spain

oldest occupied European settlement

founded by conquistador Panfilo de Narvaez

He is a reason why it took so long for Spain to establish a settlement in Florida.

He humanizes the natives in his account to the King. Relays how they have a democratic government that doesn’t exclude women

He presented a path around Florida, and lead to more exploration, and eventually the founding of St. Augustine in 1565.

He started the bloodiest war in US History

a slave who was captured from his village

1770s Frenchman who became a Spanish diplomat to Natives and lieutenant governor of Natchitoches. He describes the food habits of Wichita

Colonized an area between Florida and Rio de Palmas to grow crops, find gold, and govern it. He was also sent to arrest Cortes

Spanish explorer who first mapped the Gulf of Mexico coast in 1519

Revenge for dead brother Wamsutta

Different ideas of land ownership/use/land transfer (natives taken adv of)

English encroaching on lands (they don’t know/remember the previous treaties)

Diff/new markets, ally with different countries, all vying for commodity control worsened rivalries WITHIN natives.

British kill Massasoit, leader of Wampanoag

Most slaves were men

Native American slavery was legal, as was the British right

Native americans had been slaving each other before Europeans commodified it

England was the dominant slaving power

During height of trade, African population decreased less in percentage compared to that of Native American

was a conquistador sent from spain as part of the Narvaez Expedition

was aided by natives who take him in after his boat crashes

was a healer

was enslaved for 6 years as a hunter gatherer

believed natives were subhuman and deserves to be enslaved to Spanish colonial power

a predecessor for the word barbecue

a method of cooking

a structure to cook, sleep and store things on

a meat of the face of a cow, wrapped in leaf/foil/paper, cooked without direct contact to fire and served with salsa

are an interdisciplinary study of the channels through which food was physically transported throughout the world

are the preservation and study of social, cultural and economic practices related to the making and eating of food

are practices related to the production and consumption of food

are an interdisciplinary study of food and culture, and includes traditions, methods, ingredients, stories, and community

help us understand the geography of a place, parse out cultures, and understand skills, traditions, and how food practices are daily tasks.

was a puritan colonist who coined the term "Thanksgiving"

was appalled by the natives' ability to find food anywhere during the war

a puritan colonist who described the food of the Algonquin Indians that held her captive during King Philip’s War.

noted how the natives ate simple and sophisticated things like gruel and waterfowl

brought new nutritional food (which extended life span/health) to old world

increased the existing populations of Native Americans

was the exchange of food, materials, animals, cultural practices, people, disease etc b/w the Americas, Europe, Asia and Africa.

brought disease, livestock, grains and tons of people to the new world

created a divide within Native Americans that did not previously exist

A period of starvation where desperate colonists ate rats, snakes, and people

during John Smith's military discipline

significant because food scarcity and conditions were so extreme that only 60 out of 500 colonists survive because they didn’t have the skills to get this food.

a year in winter from 1609-1610

in Plymouth, Virginia

was why Cabeza De Vaca was able to document his travels through Texas

was a success

was lead by conquistador Panfilo de Narvaez in 1527 to colonize an area between Florida and Rio de Palmas to grow crops, find gold, and govern it.

was a mission where Narvaez was sent to arrest Cortes.

a mission to document a path around Florida that would lead to more exploration, and eventually the founding of St. Augustine

He is a reason why it took so long for Spain to establish a settlement in Florida.

He humanizes the natives in his account to the King by relaying how they have a democratic government that doesn’t exclude women

He presented a path around Florida, and lead to more exploration, and eventually the founding of St. Augustine in 1565.

He started the bloodiest war in US History

He relates that natives are kind to the sick, strangers, and guests, but can be vengeful towards those who harm their own

was introduced to the New World

is easily grown

improved European diets

is also known as maize

is a band of Wampanoag indians

is a band of Algonquin indians

settled in E Massachusetts around Plymouth

Tisquantum was a member

abandoned land that is later settled by pilgrims

was a warrior, diplomat, and advisor

kidnapped in 1614 and served as slave to Spanish monks

was a free man in England

was a guide for explorers in New World

was part of the Wampanoag indians

brokered peaceful relations between natives and colonists

was the last of the Patuxit band

lead a rebellion against colonists for trespassing on Wampanoag land

symbol for the romantic portrayal of the "noble savage"

started the bloodiest war per capita in US History as revenge

term coined by Mary Rowlandson

50 pilgrims and 90 natives gathered for 3 days and celebrated

precursor to the harvest festival

regularly celebrated before Lincoln

food for the winter including fowl, corn, turkey, and venison

his death is a cause for King Philip's war

leader of the Wampanoag

maintained peace relations with colonist through a treaty that asked for support against the Narangansetts

teaches the pilgrims how to survive after their first winter

studied in England, and therefore dressed like the English and knew the culture

an indian who converted to Christianity

started the bloodiest war per capita in the US

seeks revenge for the death of Wamsutta

also known as King Philip

an indian who converted to christianity

sassamon

an indian who becomes an indentured servant

another word for slave

a slave from W Africa who narrates his journey, the horrors of it, and the food they ate

shows that slaves had agency through foodways

shows how African food made its way into Southern diets

referenced by abolotionists

is indentured servitude

is serfdom

is slavery

paid for passage of colonists to New World

antecedent to slavery

where slaves travelled to the Americas in inhumane conditions

where textiles, rum and manufactured goods were sent along

where raw materials such as sugar and tobacco were sent along

is a cause of the largest mass movement of people in world history

a fruit/savory filling baked in a dish covered with crust

an example of British influence

is a reflection of how subordination to European masters changed African food traditions

is an example of foodways

tiny piece of land between Rio Grande and Gulf of Mexico

tiny piece of land between Rio Grande and Nueces River

scene for first fight in Mex-American war

contested due to border rights dispute between Texas and Mexico

signed in 1848 as end of US-Mex war

gave US territory size of 10 present-day states

influenced the mixing of cultures

lead to Westward Expansion

granted Mexicans citizenship immediately

period in 1848-1855 where 300K people flooded California in search of gold and fortune

lead to California's statehood in 1850

lead to growth of industries such as ranching, commerce and agriculture

lead to a decrease in violence and racial tensions due to economic prosperity

lead to the decimation of Natives in the Sierras

brokered peaceful relations between natives and colonists

a famous outlaw in California during Gold Rush

lead a rebellion against colonists for trespassing on Wampanoag land

symbol for the romantic portrayal of the "noble savage"

example of lawlessness and vigilantism

Gam Saam

people from Qing province came on account of its rumors

was a mountain in California where gold was mined

refers to the mining that Chinese sojourners part took in during the first decade of the Gold Rush

disguised vigilantes who committed violence targeting racial groups

led to discrimination and lynchings

1847

1837

made of anglo americans

first law restricting immigration

lead to a decline in Chinese population in the US

prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers to the United States

result of racism in US from Gold Rush

decreased violence and racist exclusion

it was a way of increasing US territory

it was Americans' god given right

it was an opportunity to seek new jobs

an opportunity to promote American democracy

it was a way to stake a political claim with regards to the issue of slavery

Manifest Destiny

Sutter's Mill

US Mexico war

Influx of immigrants

California becomes a state

New industries grow

Increased violence and racism

a growing decline in availability of men's work

rise of Chinese labor unions

decline in Chinese population

a 61 year ban on Chinese immigration

a decrease in violence and racist exclusion

increased competition in the gold mines