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WorksheetsGCSF 2013 CELL
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 40mins
Specialized, functional structures found within cells are called ______. There are a number of these in each cell, and they are generally visible under the electron microscope.
nuclei
organelles
cytoplasms
plasma membranes
Plasma membrane phospholipids are arranged as a ________.
single layer with hydrophilic heads outward
double layer with hydrophobic tails facing inward toward each other
double layer with hydrophilic heads facing inward toward each other
double layer with phospholipids on the outside and proteins on the inside
Membrane proteins that penetrate deeply into the lipid bilayer and can possibly extend from one surface to the other are called __________ proteins, whereas other proteins that are attached to either the inner or the outer surface of the lipid bilayer are called __________ proteins.
integral; intrinsic
integral; peripheral
peripheral; intrinsic
extrinsic; peripheral
Any chemical signal molecule used by cells to communicate with each other, is called a(n)
ligand.
isotope.
channel.
receptor.
In general, water-soluble molecules diffuse through the __________, and lipid-soluble molecules diffuse through the ____________.
lipid bilayer; lipid bilayer
membrane channels; lipid bilayer
lipid bilayer; membrane channels
membrane channels; membrane channels
Lungs serve the purpose of gas exchange. We inhale air, drawing in oxygen (O2) and exhale air, expelling carbon dioxide (CO2). Both of these molecules are small and nonpolar, and therefore freely pass though membrane bilayers of cells in the lungs. Based on this information, the movement of O2 from the alveoli of the lungs into the bloodstream is an example of
diffusion.
osmosis.
active transport.
facilitated diffusion.
Simple diffusion is defined as the movement of
water molecules across a membrane.
gas or water molecules across a membrane.
molecules from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.
molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration.
Exocytosis is a process by which cells
release substances from the cell via vesicles.
bring in substances from the outside via vesicles.
release substances from the cell via carrier proteins.
release substances from the cell through pores in the cell membrane.
Cytoplasm contains
the cytosol.
organelles bound by membranes, such as mitochondria and the Golgi.
organelles not bound by membranes, such as ribosomes and centrioles.
All of these choices are correct.
Microtubules and microfilaments are the primary components of the __________.
cytosol
nucleus
cytoskeleton
plasma membrane
The term organelle is best defined as
all membrane-bound structures in the cell including the nucleus.
cytoplasmic structures that are specialized for particular functions.
all membrane-bound structures in the cell except for the nucleus.
all structures within the cell that are specialized for particular functions.
Skeletal muscle cells need large numbers of _______ to make the many proteins they contain.
lysosomes
ribosomes
peroxisomes
centrosomes
The adrenal glands manufacture and release steroid hormones such as cortisol and androgens. Cells of the adrenal gland are therefore likely to contain large amounts of _________, used to synthesize the lipids involved in steroid synthesis.
lysosomes
peroxisomes
rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
The __________ functions to chemically modify cellular products such as proteins and package them in vesicles?
lysosome
ribosome
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus
The lysosome contains ________ enzymes.
anabolic
hydrolytic
photosynthetic
All of the choices are correct
To prevent the entry of toxic substances or pathogens into the bloodstream, the liver screens everything that the digestive system takes in. Because this organ's cells are actively involved in the detoxification of chemicals, many liver cells contain large quantities of __________.
ribosomes
peroxisomes
mitochondria
rough endoplasmic reticulum
The division of the cytoplasm is called __________.
mitosis
meiosis
synapsis
cytokinesis
Which of the following events does not occur in prophase of mitosis?
The nucleolus breaks down.
Chromosomes are replicated.
The mitotic spindle begins to form.
The nuclear membrane breaks down.
Mitosis forms
one daughter cell and another incomplete cell.
two daughter cells with half the DNA of the mother cell.
two daughter cells with twice the amount of DNA as the mother cell.
two daughter cells with the same amount of DNA as the mother cell.
DNA replication occurs during __________.
telophase
metaphase
the S phase of interphase
the G1 phase of interphase
