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Muscle physiology

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Ca จับกับตัวใดระหว่างการหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อ?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

2.

เป็น plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

3.

หน่วยหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อคืออะไร?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

4.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

5.

เส้นใยกล้ามเนื้อส่วนใดที่เก็บ Ca ions และปลดปล่อยออกมาเมื่อถูกกระตุ้น?

a)

T tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Nucleus

d)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

6.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

7.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

8.

During a muscle contraction, cross-bridges from between what two structures?

a)

Actin and myosin fibers

b)

neuron and muscle

c)

mitochondria and actin

9.

Muscle fatigue เกิดจากอะไร

a)

acetylcholine

b)

cholinsterase

c)

lactic acid

d)

glucose

10.

The protein that covers the binding site on actin when a muscle is relaxed is called

a)

Troponin

b)

Myosin

c)

Tropomyosin

d)

Myofibril

11.

This is a picture of

a)

Tropomyosin

b)

Actin

c)

Myosin

d)

The thin filament

12.
Z represents
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon Terminal
c)
Neurotransmitters
d)
Synapse
13.

Once calcium is released, it will

a)

attaches to myosin head

b)

attaches to receptors

c)

attaches to tropomyosin

d)

attaches to troponin

14.

โปรตีน myofilament ชื่ออะไรที่ดึงแอคตินไปทางศูนย์กลางของ Sarcomere?

a)

Fascicle

b)

Actin

c)

Myosin

d)

Titin

15.

เมื่อกล้ามเนื้อขาดออกซเจนจะทำให้เกิดการหลั่งสิ่งใด

a)

myoglobin

b)

hemoglobin

c)

lactic acid

d)

carbon dioxide

16.

มีสารเคมีอะไรบ้างที่จำเป็นสำหรับการหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อ?

a)

Niacin and Potassium

b)

Calcium and ATP

c)

Sodium and Potassium

d)

Ach and Potassium

17.

สถานการณ์ที่กล้ามเนื้อสูญเสียความสามารถในการหดตัวเนื่องจากถูกใช้อย่างแรงเป็นระยะเวลานาน

a)

muscle pain

b)

muscle cramp

c)

muscle fatigue

d)

oxygen debt

18.

Which thin filament protein bind to Ca during muscle contraction?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

19.

The __________________is the smooth ER of a muscle fiber and stores calcium ions.

a)

sarcolemma

b)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

c)

sarcomere

d)

sarcoplasm

e)

T tubules

20.

The ______________ consists of only actin myofilaments.

a)

A band

b)

I band

c)

H zone

d)

M line

e)

Z disk

21.

ประสาททีเลี้ยงเส้นใยกล้ามเนื้อโครงร่างทั้งหมดเรียกว่า

a)

neruomuscular junction

b)

synaptic cleft

c)

motor unit

d)

synapse

e)

presynaptic terminal

22.
The segment of a myofibril that is called a sarcomere runs from _______________.
a)
one Z line to the next Z line
b)
one H zone to the next H zone
c)
one A band to the next A band
d)
one end of a skeletal muscle to the opposite end
23.

ข้อความใดถูกต้องเกี่ยวกับการหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อ?

a)

All motor units act together

b)

Muscle contraction continues for long periods after nervous stimulation ceases

c)

The myosin heads bind to the actin and shorten the sarcomeres

d)

Troponin is not needed to strengthen the contracting muscle cell.

24.

ข้อความใดต่อไปนี้เกี่ยวกับบทบาทของ Ca2 + ในการหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อโครงร่างนั้นถูกต้อง?

a)

The mitochondria act as a store of Ca2+ for the contractile process

b)

Ca2+ entry across the plasma membrane is important in sustaining the contraction of skeletal muscle

c)

A rise in intracellular Ca2+allows actin to interact with myosin

d)

The tension of a skeletal muscle fibre is partly regulated by G proteins.

25.
Muscle fatigue sets in due to the nonavailability of 
a)
calcium
b)
ATP
c)
actin binding sites
d)
sodium
26.

ขั้นตอนใดต่อไปนี้เกิดขึ้นครั้งสุดท้ายในการหดตัวของกล้ามเนื้อ

a)

Calcium enters the neuron and attaches to synaptic vesicles that carry acetylcholine

b)

sodium enters and an action potential occurs across the sarcolemma

c)

calcium attaches to troponin and causes a change in the shape of the tropomyosin

d)

the myosin head binding sites are exposed

27.
Which of the following steps occurs first?
a)
myosin heads attach to actin
b)
myosin heads pivot pulling the actin filament toward the center
c)
cross-bridges detach from actin when a new ATP binds to myosin
d)
another cross-bridge forms
28.
Which structure contains large amounts of calcium used for muscle? 
a)
sarcomere
b)
mitochondria
c)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
d)
myofibril
29.

ทำหน้าที่ป้องกันไม่ให้หัว myosin แนบกับแอคติน

a)

tropomyosin

b)

Myosin and actin

c)

Calcium and Oxygen

d)

Glycogen and hemoglobin

30.
What are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
31.
When Sodium ions fly into the muscle cell, it's said to be __________.
a)
Repolarizing
b)
Depolarizing
c)
Electrically neutral
d)
none of the above
32.

The initial process of the contraction cycle is ...

a)

The head of myosin binds to actin

b)

The head of myosin releases phosphate

c)

A power stroke occurred

d)

Splitting ATP into ADP and phosphate

e)

The head of myosin binds to ATP

33.

ระยะเวลาที่เกิดขึ้นระหว่างการกระตุ้นจนเริ่มต้นของการหดตัวเรียกว่า ..

a)

Latent period

b)

Relaxation

c)

Contraction

d)

Action potential

e)

Rest period

34.

The specific molecules that provide calcium binding sites on actin are ______________ molecules.

a)

troponin

b)

tropomyosin

c)

titin

d)

myosin

e)

sodium

35.

Aerobic respiration:

a)

requires oxygen

b)

breaks down glucose

c)

produces ATP, CO2, and H2O

d)

takes place in mitochondria located within the muscle fiber

e)

All of these are true of aerobic respiration

36.

Creatine Phosphate:

a)

is produced by the process of anaerobic respiration.

b)

can replace ATP in binding myosin molecules during contraction.

c)

acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue.

d)

is only formed during strenuous exercise.

e)

All of these are correct.

37.

neurotransmitter หลั่งจากถุง presynaptic ไปยังเยื่อ postsynaptic ผ่านทางร่อง synaptic?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Calcium

c)

Sodium

d)

Potassium

e)

Histamine

38.

Identify B: Time when muscle generates external tension. The force generated can overcome the load and cause movement.

a)

muscle twitch

b)

latent period

c)

contraction period

d)

relaxation period

e)

threshold stimulus

39.

Contraction in which the muscle is activated, but instead of being allowed to lengthen or shorten, it is held at a constant length. Example: carrying an object in front of you.

a)

fatigue

b)

isometric contraction

c)

absolute refractory period

d)

relative refractory period

e)

isotonic contraction

40.
What is the name given to the contractile units repeated along the myofibrils?  
a)
Fascicles
b)
Perimysium
c)
Sarcomere
d)
Fascia 

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