WorksheetsDr. Kinty Ch. 10 LECTURE Classifications
Total questions: 26
Worksheet time: 13mins
Science of classifying organisms
Phylogeny
Taxonomy
Systematics
Study of the evolutionary history of organisms
Taxonomy
Phylogeny
Systematics
Prokaryote introduced to distinguish cells without a nucleus
1800s
1937
1735
Linnaeus’ nomenclature
1800s
1937
1735
Bacteria and fungi put in kingdom Plantae (Nägeli) ; Kingdom Protista proposed for bacteria, protozoa, algae, and fungi (Haeckel
1800s
1937
1735
International Project to Identify all Species
1800s
1937
1735
2001
Taxonomy “Domain” added based on ribosomes
1800s
1978
1735
2001
In 1978, Woese developed based on nucleotides of RNA the domains:
Protista
Eukarya
Prokarya
Archaea
Animals, plants, fungi and yeast
Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
Protista
Methanogens, extreme halophiles, hyperthermophiles
Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
Protista
Bacteria cell wall
Varies in composition; contains no peptidoglycan
Contains peptidoglycan
Varies in composition; contains carbohydrates
Eukarya cell wall
Varies in composition; contains no peptidoglycan
Contains peptidoglycan
Varies in composition; contains carbohydrates
Prokaryote cell wall
Varies in composition; contains no peptidoglycan
Contains peptidoglycan
Varies in composition; contains carbohydrates
Binomial nomenclature
Genus species
Used worldwide
Common names
Vary with language and geography
Scientific nomenclature
Genus species
Used worldwide
Common names
Vary with language and geography
Grown in laboratory media
Clone
Culture
Strain
Population of cells derived from a single cell
Clone
Culture
Strain
Genetically different cells within a clone
Clone
Culture
Strain
Population of cells with similar characteristics
Clone
Culture
Strain
Prokaryotic species
Group of closely related organisms that breed among themselves
Clone
Eukaryotic species
Strain
Prokaryotic species
Animalia
Multicellular
Unicellular
Cell walls
No cell walls
Cell walls of chitin
Plantae
Multicellular
Unicellular
Cell walls with cellulose
No cell walls
Cell walls of chitin
Fungi
Multicellular
Unicellular
Develop from spores or hyphal fragments
No cell walls
Cell walls of chitin
DNA or RNA
Not composed of cells
Obligatory intracellular parasites
Prokaryote species
Viral species
Eukaryote species
Bacterial species
Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology
Provides identification schemes for identifying bacteria and archaea
Morphology
Differential staining
Based on rRNA sequencing
Biochemical tests
Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Provides phylogenetic information on bacteria and archaea
Morphology
Differential staining
Based on rRNA sequencing
Biochemical tests
