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Environmental Science chapter 5

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back.

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Consumer

d)

Climax Community

2.

a final, stable community in equilibrium with the environment.

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Consumer

d)

Climax Community

3.

the process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates.

a)

Cellular Respiration

b)

Carbon Cycle

c)

Consumer

d)

Climax Community

4.

an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter instead of producing its own nutrients or obtaining nutrients from inorganic sources.

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Decomposer

d)

Food Chain

5.

an organisms that feeds by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms.

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Decomposer

d)

Director

6.

a gradual process of change and replacement in a community.

a)

Climax Community

b)

Evolution

c)

Ecological Succession

d)

Food Chain

7.

the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of feeding patterns of a series of organisms.

a)

Phosphorous Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Food Web

d)

Food Chain

8.

a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

a)

Phosphorous Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Food Chain

d)

Food Web

9.

the process in which nitrogen circulates among the air, soil, water, plants, and animals in an ecosystem.

a)

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

b)

Nitrogen Cycle

c)

Phosphorous Cycle

d)

Carbon Cycle

10.

bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.

a)

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

b)

Eubacteria

c)

Archaebacteria

d)

Nitrogen Cycle

11.

the cyclic movement of phosphorus in different chemical forms from the environment to organisms and then back to the environment.

a)

Nitrogen Cycle

b)

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

c)

Phosphorous Cycle

d)

Carbon Cycle

12.

the process in which plants algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce carbohydrates and oxygen.

a)

Phosphorus Cycle

b)

Cellular Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Eating

13.

a species that colonizes an uninhabited area and that starts an ecological cycle in which many other species become established.

a)

Producer

b)

Primary Succession

c)

Secondary Succession

d)

Pioneer Species

14.

succession that begins in an area that previously did not support life.

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Pioneer Species

d)

Climax Community

15.

an organism that can make organic molecules from inorganic molecules.

a)

Consumer

b)

Director

c)

Producer

d)

Composer

16.

he process by which one community replaces another community that has been partially or totally destroyed.

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

c)

Evolution

d)

Climax Community

17.

one of the steps in a food chain or food pyramid.

a)

Food Drive

b)

Food Web

c)

DDT

d)

Trophic Level

18.

The reverse of photosynthesis - Sugars are used for metabolism and change “fuel” back into CO2.

a)

Diffusion

b)

Weathering

c)

Decomposition

d)

Respiration

19.

Carbon enters the soil through dead plant or animal matter.

a)

Decomposition

b)

Respiration

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Diffusion

20.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
21.
Which of the following is an example of a decomposer?
a)
Owl
b)
Fish
c)
Tree
d)
Mushroom
22.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
23.

Which is a true statement?

a)

Humans depend on oxygen, plants depend on carbon dioxide

b)

Plants produce carbon dioxide

c)

Humans depend on carbon dioxide, plants depend on oxygen

d)

Humans don't depend on plants for the air they need

24.

Plants use ____________ to make their own food

a)

Water

b)

Sunlight

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

All of these

25.
What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?
a)
nitrogen composition
b)
ammonia 
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
denitrification
26.

How much of the atmosphere is composed of nitrogen gas?

a)

87%

b)

38%

c)

78%

d)

21%

27.

Organisms that break down dead plants & animals and release nitrogen back into atmosphere...

a)

bacteria

b)

plants

c)

animals

d)

producers

28.
Plants and animals cannot use nitrogen directly from the air.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
What happens when organisms die and decay? 
a)
Their bodies are lifted up
b)
Their nitrogen returns to the soil
c)
they keep their nitrogen
d)
They stay on earth forever
30.
_____ is the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia
a)
Nitrogen Fixation
b)
Ammonification
c)
Denitrification
d)
Assimilation 
31.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

32.

How is nitrogen "fixed" into a usable form for plants?

a)

Through action of bacteria only

b)

Through lightning only

c)

Through action of bacteria and lightning

d)

Through photosynthesis

33.

How do animals get the nitrogen they need?

a)

From the air they breathe

b)

From the water they drink

c)

From the food they eat

d)

From the sun

34.

What is the formula for atmospheric nitrogen?

a)

N

b)

N2

c)

NH3

d)

NO3

35.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

36.
Plants and animals need nitrogen to make __________.
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Minerals
37.
Phosphorous is passed from plants to ____ who eat them
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
scavengers
38.
_____ brings phosphorous into our waterways. .
a)
precipitation
b)
runoff
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
39.
Which of the following statements is true of the phosphorus cycle?
a)
Phosphorus enters the atmosphere as phosphates.
b)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes the processes of erosion, and weathering.
c)
Phosphates are used in carbohydrate and glucose storage.
d)
The phosphorus cycle utilizes bacteria to breakdown phosphates and make them available for plants.
40.
What role do decomposers play in the phosphorous cycle?
a)
absorb phosphorous 
b)
release phosphorous into atmosphere
c)
return phosphorous into the soil
d)
combustion
41.

An algal bloom is the rapid growth of a population of

a)

fungi

b)

protozoans

c)

algae

42.

In general, algal blooms occur when

a)

toxins accumulate in shellfish.

b)

nutrients decrease in the water.

c)

nutrients increase in the water.

43.

The stable, final stage of succession is called ___.

a)

adaptation

b)

pioneer species

c)

niche

d)

climax community

44.
First species occuring in areas of primary succession are mosses and
a)
grasses
b)
wildflowers
c)
trees
d)
lichens
45.

What type of succession is shown here?

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

tertiary succession

d)

variable succession

46.

What type of succession is shown here?

a)

primary succession

b)

secondary succession

c)

tertiary succession

d)

variable succession

47.
Final illustration (#8) shows
a)
pioneer species
b)
climax community
c)
only biotic factors
d)
only abiotic factors
48.
A pioneer species is...
a)
a large organism
b)
the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 
c)
The best organism 
d)
Abiotic organisms 
49.

What is the most important function of pioneer species?

a)

To create rocks

b)

To create soil and add nutrients to the environment

c)

To look nice

d)

Food for animals

50.
A climax community is ….
a)
the beginning of a new ecological succession.
b)
the rocks in a new environment.
c)
the fire that will cause destruction.
d)
an area that reaches its greatest growing potential.
51.

What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?

a)

Primary succession already has soil.

b)

Primary has soil and secondary does not

c)

soil is present in both

d)

primary has no soil and secondary has soil

52.

A large tree forest is an example of ...

a)

a small community

b)

a abiotic community

c)

a climax community

d)

a pioneer species

53.

Why does primary succession take longer to reach climax community?

a)

Because trees do not perform photosyntheses.

b)

Because climax community is in a forrest.

c)

Because primary succession already has soil

d)

Because primary succession does not have soil

54.

A farmer abandons his farm. A a short time a forest begins to grow on his abandoned farm. What type of succession would this be considered?

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

55.

During a forest fire most vegetation (plants) burn. Which ecological succession will take place after a forest fire?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

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