Vulcanised rubber is softer than unvulcanised rubber / Getah tervulkan lebih lembut daripada getah tak tervulkan

Unvulcanised rubber is less elastic than vulcanised rubber / Getah tak tervulkan kurang kenyal daripada getah tervulkan

Unvulcanised rubber is stronger than vulcanised rubber / Getah tak tervulkan lebih kuat daripada getah tervulkan

A process whereby a substance in aqueous solution is decomposed into its constituent elements.

Proses di mana bahan dalam keadaan larutan akueus diuraikan kepada unsur juzuknya.

A reaction between an acid and an alkali to produce salt and water.

Tindak balas di antara asid dan alkali untuk menghasilkan garam dan air.

A process of adding sulphur to natural rubber molecules.

Proses penambahan sulfur kepada molekul-molekul getaj asli

A process of converting liquid fat into solid fat.

Proses penukaran lemak cecair kepada lemak pepejal.

To produce rain coat

Membuat baju hujan

To produce tyre

Membuat tayar

To produce rubber band

Membuat gelang getah

To produce gloves

Membuat sarung tangan

To improve the elasticity of rubber

Menambah kekenyalan getah

To improve the strength of rubber

Menambah kekuatan getah

To improve the hardness of rubber

Menambah kekerasan getah

To produce a rubber that is easily oxidised

Menghasilkan getah yang mudah dioksidakan

The rubber becomes softer

Getah menjadi lembut

The rubber becomes less elastic

Getah menjadi kurang elastik

The rubber becomes less resistant to heat

Getah menjadi kurang tahan terhadap haba

The rubber cannot oxidised easily

Getah tidak mudah teroksida

Vinegar

Cuka

Dilute sodium hydroxide solution

Larutan natrium hidroksida cair

Ammonia solution

Larutan ammonia

Rubber can return to its original shape after being stretched

Getah boleh kembali ke rupa asal selepas diregang

Rubber becomes longer than its original shape after being stretched

Getah menjadi lebih panjang daripada asal selepas diregang

Rubber can be melts easily when exposed to heat

Getah mudah untuk cair apabila terdedah kepada haba

Ethanoic acid

Asid etanoik

Methanoic acid

Asid metanoik

Ethyl ethanoate

Etil etanoat

Ammonia solution

Larutan ammonia

Hydroxide ion neutralised the negatively-charge protein membrane of rubber particles.

Ion hidroksida meneutralkan membran protein getah yang bercas negatif

Hydrogen ion neutralised the negatively-charge protein membrane of rubber particles.

Ion hidrogen meneutralkan membran protein getah yang bercas negatif

Hydrogen ion neutralised the positively-charge protein membrane of rubber particles.

Ion hidrogen meneutralkan membran protein getah yang bercas positif

Vulcanised rubber

Getah tervulkan

Natural rubber

Getah asli

Polyvinyl chloride

Polivinil klorida

Hydrogenation. Yes

Penghidrogenan. Ya

Neutralisation. No

Peneutralan. Tidak

Esterification. Yes

Pengesteran. Ya

Vulcanisation. Yes

Pemvulkanan. Yes

Rubber band A

Jalur getah A

Rubber band B

Jalur getah B

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D