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Water management futures

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A large dam is one that is higher than:

a)

15 meters

b)

20 meters

c)

10 meters

d)

30 meters

2.

The Hoover Dam is not a megadam.

a)

False

b)

True

3.

Which of the following is not an advantage of the Aswan High Dam in Egypt?

a)

salinization

b)

flood and drought control

c)

hydroelectric power

d)

recreation and tourism

4.

All of the following are "costs"of the Aswan High Dam, except:

a)

irrigation

b)

population displacement

c)

seismic stress

d)

groundwater changes

5.

By the time it is completed the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam will cost approximately:

a)

5 billion USD

b)

10 billion USD

c)

1 billion USD

d)

20 billion USD

6.

The GERD in Ethiopia is located close to its border with:

a)

Sudan

b)

Uganda

c)

Kenya

d)

Somalia

7.

The country most concerned about the construction of the GERD is:

a)

Egypt

b)

Sudan

c)

South Sudan

d)

Eritrea

8.

Flood-plain embankments may result in a variety of negative consequences for a river and its associated basin.

a)

True

b)

False

9.

Water supply, water quality, river channels and flood control are all components of:

a)

integrated drainage basin management

b)

intermediate drainage basin management

c)

intersecting drainage basin management

d)

industrial drainage basin management

10.

Less than half the goods and services consumed in the United States are produced with water from the Mississippi drainage basin.

a)

False

b)

True

11.

In the USA, the Mississippi drainage basin produces _____ worth of agricultural products and _____ of the country's farm exports.

a)

$54 billion; 92%

b)

$92 billion; 54%

c)

$45 billion; 29%

d)

$29 billion; 45%

12.

Which of the following are considered threats to the Mississippi river and its tributaries (check ALL that apply)?

a)

flooding

b)

global demand for crops such as cotton, corn and soya

c)

population decrease

d)

ageing water infrastructure

13.

AGWI stands for:

a)

America's Great Watershed Initiative

b)

America's Growing Watershed Importance

c)

America's Grand Watershed Incentive

d)

America's Gradual Watershed Investment

14.

Which of the following are areas of concern measured by the AGWI Report Card (check ALL that apply)?

a)

Economy

b)

Ecosystems

c)

Water supply

d)

Recreation

15.

High nutrient run-off from agriculture and industry is a major cause of hyperoxia in fish in the Gulf of Mexico.

a)

False

b)

True

16.

The threat from flooding increases dramatically when communities and businesses are located on flood plains.

a)

True

b)

False

17.

The Mississippi river carries over _____ of the USA's grain production for global consumption.

a)

60%

b)

80%

c)

40%

d)

25%

18.

Water from the Mississippi River's drainage basin provides approximately _____ of the USA's hydroelectric power.

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

15%

d)

70%

19.

Louisiana's wetlands account for 40% of all the USA's wetlands, but 80% of the lost wetlands.

a)

True

b)

False

20.

Up to 50km2 of Louisiana's wetlands are lost annually.

a)

False

b)

True

21.

The construction of dams and the raising of levees on the Mississippi have increased the amount of sediment that reaches the coastal wetlands.

a)

False

b)

True

22.

Lands with soils that are permanently flooded.

a)

wetlands

b)

tributaries

c)

reservoirs

d)

bogs

23.

Wetlands make up _____ of the Earth's surface.

a)

6%

b)

16%

c)

10%

d)

20%

24.

Which of the following types of wetland is the most common?

a)

bog

b)

fen

c)

swamp

d)

flood plain

e)

lake

25.

Which of the following types of wetland is the least common?

a)

lakes

b)

bog

c)

fen

d)

swamp

e)

flood pains

26.

It is estimated that in 1900 there was _____ as much wetland as there was in 2000.

a)

2 times

b)

3 times

c)

4 times

d)

5 times

27.

Which of the following are benefits of wetlands (check ALL that apply)?

a)

water storage

b)

flood mitigation

c)

erosion control

d)

groundwater depletion

28.

Which of the following is not a main function of wetlands?

a)

eutrophication

b)

regulation

c)

provision of habitats

d)

production

29.

Wetlands are very diverse and characterized by a large number of ecological niches.

a)

True

b)

False

30.

This treaty laid the foundation for international cooperation in conserving wetlands.

a)

Ramar Convention

b)

Geneva Convention

c)

Paris Agreement

d)

Montreal Protocol

31.

Which of the following is not a requirement of members of the Ramsar Convention?

a)

designation of wetlands of local importance as a so-called Ramsar site

b)

maintenance of the ecological character of specific sites

c)

wise use of all the wetlands in their territories

d)

designation of wetlands as nature reserves

32.

The Ramsar list contains more than _____ sites, covering more than _____ hectares of wetland habitat.

a)

500; 30,000,000

b)

5000; 30,000

c)

50; 300,000

d)

50,000; 3,000,000

33.

To be considered a wetland of international importance, a site must support a significant population of waterfowl or threatened species.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

To be considered a wetland of international importance, a site must be an example of a rare type of wetland.

a)

False

b)

True

35.

Human use of a wetland so that it may yield the greatest continuous benefit to present generations while maintaining its potential to meet the needs of future generations.

a)

sustainable utilization

b)

utilitarian sustainability

c)

responsible utility

d)

utilitarian conservation

36.

Direct use values, indirect use values, option values and intrinsic values are all components of the _____ of wetlands.

a)

total economic value

b)

total ecological value

c)

total environmental value

d)

total essential value

37.

When assessing a wetland's TEV, fish, fuel wood and services are examples of:

a)

direct use values

b)

indirect use values

c)

option values

d)

intrinsic values

38.

When assessing a wetland's TEV, flood control and storm protection by mangroves are examples of:

a)

indirect use values

b)

intrinsic values

c)

option values

d)

direct use values

39.

When assessing a wetland's TEV, these are potential values that could be discovered in the future.

a)

option values

b)

intrinsic values

c)

direct use values

d)

indirect use values

40.

When assessing a wetland's TEV, the value of the wetland in "it's own right" is known as:

a)

intrinsic value

b)

option value

c)

direct use value

d)

indirect use value

41.

Wetlands are one of the least productive ecosystems in the world.

a)

False

b)

True

42.

In terms of ecological services provided by different ecosystems, wetlands are _____ more valuable than tropical rainforests.

a)

7 times

b)

5 times

c)

10 times

d)

2 times

43.

Which of the following is the main cause of wetland loss?

a)

human interference

b)

drought

c)

hurricanes

d)

sea-level rise

44.

Which of the following human actions cause the greatest loss to wetlands?

a)

dam construction and reclamation of land

b)

conversion for aquaculture

c)

mining of wetlands

d)

groundwater abstraction

45.

According to WaterAid there are approximately _____ people without access to safe water.

a)

750 million

b)

1 billion

c)

500 million

d)

1.5 billion

46.

Nearly half the people who gained access to water between 1990 and 2008 live in China.

a)

False

b)

True

47.

Which saves more water?

a)

showering

b)

bathing

48.

The subsidization of water can lead to the decline of aquifers and other water sources.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

This type of new technology removes microbes, bacteria and other matter by using silver ions that destroy contaminants.

a)

nanotechnology infiltration

b)

membrane chemistry

c)

sea water desalination

d)

biomimicry

50.

This type of new technology enables water to be filtered and purified.

a)

membrane chemistry

b)

nanotechnology infiltration

c)

seawater desalination

d)

smart monitoring

51.

In Singapore, this involves imitating the biological processes by which mangrove plants extract seawater using minimal energy.

a)

biomimicry

b)

smart monitoring

c)

precision irrigation

d)

membrane chemistry

52.

This technology helps companies ensure the quality of their water supply networks, by pinpointing leaks more quickly.

a)

smart monitoring

b)

precision irrigation

c)

seawater desalination

d)

nanotechnology infiltration

53.

This new technology involves how and when water is applied or applying the right amount of water for plants using new methods such as software models and sensors.

a)

precision irrigation systems

b)

smart monitoring

c)

biomimicry

d)

seawater desalination

54.

This process involves protecting areas from development in order to safeguard water quality.

a)

zoning

b)

fracturing

c)

monitoring

d)

mimicking

55.

Applying nitrogen fertilizers on fields next to rivers and streams increases the risk of:

a)

eutrophication

b)

desalination

c)

flooding

d)

hyperoxia

56.

Which of the following is not a physical method of water purification?

a)

flocculation

b)

filtration

c)

sedimentation

d)

distillation

57.

Chlorination is a physical method of water purification.

a)

False

b)

True

58.

The most common water filter is:

a)

sand

b)

charcoal

c)

oysters

d)

coconut

59.

The most common disinfectant used in water is:

a)

chlorine

b)

chloramine

c)

ozone

d)

chlorine dioxide

60.

Making use of available water before it drains away or evaporates.

a)

water harvesting

b)

water hamstering

c)

water harnessing

d)

water harboring