WorksheetsIntelligence Ch14&15 Oxford 11PSY
Total questions: 34
Worksheet time: 26mins
The intelligence quotient (IQ) can be defined as:
one’s capacity for learning, problem-solving, and applying knowledge and skills to unfamiliar situations.
a standardised score for an individual’s intelligence as measured by a specific test.
a measure of how smart someone is at one specific task.
the limit to how smart a person can be.
Identify which of the following does not influence intelligence.
nature-genetic
genetic-time
nurture-environment
genetics
Select which of the following influences on intelligence is a nature influence.
poverty
intelligence of parents
education
diet
Select the best explanation of heritability, with regards to intelligence.
the influence of your environment on intelligence
the extent heredity contributes to intelligence
the interaction between nature and nurture on intelligence
how alike your intelligence is to your siblings
Psychologists consider intelligence hard to define because:
it is subjective, and people differ in what they think of as ‘clever behaviour’.
people can’t adapt to new situations.
intelligence is not measurable.
it is a hypothetical construct.
Diet can influence intelligence. What kind of influence is this?
heredity influence
deprived environment
biological influence
nurture influence
Enriched and deprived environments can affect behaviour, attachment and cognitive development. The type of environment people are raised in can also affect their intelligence.
____________________ is an example of an enriched environment; ____________________ is an example of a deprived environment.
A diet rich in fast food; a diet rich in vegetables
Extreme poverty during childhood; adequate diet and regular sleep
Adequate diet and regular sleep; extreme poverty during childhood
Limited education opportunities; no serious illness
A flaw of twin studies is that:
most twin studies are based on data from middle-class families.
twins are representative of the larger population.
siblings that are not twins share more genetic information than twins.
identical twins are often raised in different environments.
What does the information in this chart suggest?
Fraternal siblings have greater similarity in intelligence than identical twins.
Identical twins reared together have the most similar levels of intelligence, and cousins reared apart have the most differing levels of intelligence.
There is no difference in intelligence levels between biological siblings and adoptive siblings who lived together.
There is no difference in intelligence between degrees of relationship within a family.
Meredith has twin teenagers; Peter and Rachel. Rachel’s school report always has higher marks and she is praised for paying attention in class. Peter’s report usually has lower marks, and his teachers criticise him for his lack of conscientiousness in his studies. Meredith’s children have always lived at home together and have not experienced anything too different as young children, but Peter is an avid rugby player and has suffered a concussion.
Based only on the information provided above, identify a possible cause for Rachel’s higher marks.
Peter has experienced a head injury, which may have caused some brain damage
Rachel and Peter have different diets.
Rachel likes to study more than Peter.
Peter and Rachel grew up in different houses and were exposed to different environments.
The following claim was made about intelligence: ‘Intelligence is something that individuals inherit and cannot be developed’.
Select a possible research question for this claim.
To what extent is intelligence influenced by brain structure?
To what extent are genetics responsible for higher IQ scores in adolescents who receive tutoring compared to adolescents who do not?
To what extent is intelligence affected by genetics?
To what extent does the intelligence of siblings influence each other on an IQ test?
Nadal is an extremely gifted mathematics student. Currently, he is in Year 8 and completing Year 12 mathematics. It was recommended that Nadal may have stronger processing in his brain.
Identify the area of Nadal’s brain that is involved, and what factor is influencing Nadal’s mathematical intelligence.
right cerebral hemisphere; biological
left cerebral hemisphere; biological
left cerebral hemisphere; psychological
right cerebral hemisphere; psychological
Timothy and Arthur are twin brothers who were put up for adoption when they were born. Timothy and Arthur were raised by separate families and reunited at the age of 27. Timothy had gone on to achieve academic success, and is now working as a scientific researcher. Arthur hated studying and chose to pursue a trade. He is now working as a carpenter.
When Timothy and Arthur reunited, they found that they had little in common with how they were raised. Timothy’s adoptive parents were both doctors, and encouraged Timothy to learn and engage with his studies. Arthur’s adoptive parents were more interested in sport and adventure, and didn’t emphasise academic pursuits.
The twins chose to complete an IQ measurement test. Timothy scored much higher than Arthur. Select what may have influenced this score.
Nature – Arthur was the older twin
Nurture – Timothy was fed much more than Arthur
Nurture – Timothy was raised in an environment that encouraged training the brain
Nature – Arthur and Timothy achieved different scores because of genetics
Dr Ryan was interested in the effect of deprived environments on intelligence scores. He hypothesised: ‘children whose parents assist them with homework each night will achieve a higher WISC-IV score than those who do not’.
Select the dependent variable.
WISC-IV score
academic interest
parental assistance
time spent studying at night
What does the multiple intelligences theory suggest?
People cannot be considered intelligent unless they can demonstrate intelligence in several areas.
People can possess many types of intelligence that are independent from each other.
Intelligence is not something that people can strive for.
The theory that understanding the cognitive processes that underlie intelligence is important.
Which type of the multiple intelligences theory measures the ability to recognise and classify objects in the natural environment?
spatial
naturalistic
linguistic
musical
Identify a reason that Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory has been criticised.
It discourages people from learning a new skill if they don’t have that intelligence type.
The different types of intelligence tend to correlate with each other, which suggests they may just be different aspects of the same intelligence.
It can create negative feelings about the type of intelligence that someone possesses.
They are very easy to measure.
The information processing theory of intelligence was developed to:
explain how the human mind works with regards to intelligence.
offer a rival to Gardner’s multiple intelligences.
create a connection between nature and nurture.
explain how heredity could influence intelligence.
Select the best explanation for the speed of processing component of the information processing theory of intelligence.
The amount of information that is stored in your working and long-term memory is associated with your level of intelligence as measured by an IQ test.
The speed at which you can complete cognitive or academic tasks is associated with your level of intelligence as measured by an IQ test.
It is the ability to apply knowledge or logic to new situations.
It is the ability to use your body to process information and solve problems.
Select the most appropriate explanation of emotional intelligence.
solving complex problems by considering how people feel about the problem
the ability to prioritise logic and reasoning over emotional decisions
the ability to perceive, use, understand and manage your emotions and the emotions of others
focusing on the speed at which someone can process emotional knowledge
Emotional intelligence has four key components. These are:
perceiving emotions; facilitating thought; understanding emotions; and, managing emotions.
perceiving emotions; applying mental strategies; facilitating thought; and, managing emotions.
interpersonal; intrapersonal; musical; and, linguistic.
interpersonal; understanding emotions; intrapersonal; and, perceiving emotions.
There are several scales used to measure intelligence. Select the most appropriate test for measuring the intelligence of a 14 year-old.
WISC-IV
WAIS-IV
SB-V
IQ
Using the graph, select the correct percentile for someone with intelligence that is -2 standard deviations from the mean.
16th
2nd
84th
130th
Intelligence tests can be biased to a particular group. Select the best example of cultural bias.
when someone may have seen the test prior to sitting it
when you are asked to answer in a language you have never spoken
when the language used in a test is not familiar to the people taking the test
when a person from South Australia performs poorly on an intelligence test that includes information only people in New South Wales would know
Josie is amazing at singing and can play the guitar really well. She also excels in mathematics at school, and her favourite subject is chemistry. Despite all of Josie’s talents, she’s not very good at understanding herself and has very little self-control.
According to Gardner’s intelligence model, identify the types of intelligence that Josie displays and the type that she lacks.
musical and logical-mathematical; interpersonal
musical and naturalistic; intrapersonal
linguistic and logical-mathematical; interpersonal
musical and logical-mathematical; intrapersonal
The information-processing theory of intelligence has been criticised because:
it is too concerned with how people handle and process emotions.
it is less focused than other theories on understanding the influence of culture on intelligence.
it focuses on dividing intelligence into different areas, rather than an overarching intelligence.
it doesn’t acknowledge the effect of processing speed on intelligence.
Recently, Valentino and his girlfriend Daria broke up because she thought he didn’t notice her emotions, and that when he did, he was unable to understand them. Valentino thinks that Daria is irrational and has no control of her emotions. Valentino and Daria both think that the other is not smart.
Select a possible explanation for their thoughts.
Daria has high linguistic intelligence, but Valentino has poor interpersonal intelligence.
Daria recognises that Valentino isn’t good at perceiving and understanding emotions, and Valentino thinks that Daria isn’t good at managing her emotions. They show different types of emotional intelligence.
Neither Daria nor Valentino has good emotional intelligence, as they can’t appreciate what the other is feeling.
Valentino’s processing speed is faster than Daria’s, whereas Daria has a higher ability to learn and apply mental strategies.
Select the correct procedure for a Stanford–Binet intelligence test.
Children are tested above their chronological age. If they answer correctly they are thought to possess high IQ.
A child is tested for the previous two years of their age – for example, a 10-year-old is tested on content an 8- and 9-year-old would answer. If they answer successfully, their IQ is determined.
A child is tested for the year below their chronological age; then, if they answer these questions correctly they are tested at their chronological age. If they answer those questions successfully, they are then asked the questions for the next chronological age.
Children are tested for their chronological age; if they answer these questions successfully, their IQ is calculated.
Earlier intelligence tests tended to be biased towards cultural and social information. For example, if you grew up in Queensland you might have been asked to state who won the rugby league final, whereas someone in Victoria may have been asked who won the AFL grand final.
Identify why it was important to develop intelligence tests that did not rely on factual knowledge, but rather testing specific skills.
People were likely to achieve a negative score on an intelligence test that focuses on specific skills.
Intelligence tests encourage people not to discriminate.
Misused intelligence tests can provide people with an opportunity for discrimination.
Intelligence tests were directed at minorities and not the majority.
A psychologist sought to measure intelligence using Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory. He hypothesised that, ‘People who listen to classical music frequently will score higher on musical intelligence than those who do not’.
Determine the independent variable.
listening to hip-hop music frequently
reading sheet music
reading about music
listening to classical music frequently
Gardner’s multiple intelligences has been criticised, as it is not clear if the intelligences are unique and independent in type. Select which two of Gardner’s multiple intelligences may be similar to emotional intelligence.
intermusical and interpersonal
interpersonal and intrapersonal
intrapersonal and linguistic
interpersonal and bodily-kinaesthetic
The ability to apply past knowledge and strategies to current situations is part of several models of intelligence. With age, people consolidate strategies, such as being able to quickly split a bill at dinner with friends.
The ability to use these strategies is part of which intelligence theory?
the intelligence quotient
Gardner’s spatial-mathematical intelligence
emotional intelligence
information-processing theory
IQ tests are based on how far someone deviates from the average score. That is to say that someone who is three standard deviations from the average would either have a far superior IQ score or be in the lowest percentile.
Select a possible risk of using intelligence tests to determine employability.
The tests are reliable, but not for all types of jobs.
People will have no motivation to do well in the test.
IQ tests are never biased towards a culture or language, which means people can’t perform above average.
Standardisation is hard to control – the conditions of the test must be the same for all applicants.
Intelligence tests can be biased towards cultural understanding and knowledge.
Amelie has just moved to your school. In her first week there is a test on intelligence. The questions were varied, but Amelie would have struggled with several of them.
From the below, select which one Amelie may have found culturally unfair.
calculating the following equation 5x + 7 = y
listing the capital of Australia
naming the six school houses and the colours they are associated with
describing Brisbane’s weather
