During microscopic inspection of a blood film, identification and diagnosis of Babesia spp. is relies on:

Enterobius vermicularis infection is usually diagnosed by finding:

Cysts are the infective stage of this intestinal flagellate.

Dormant or secondary schizogony may occur in these types of malarial species due to the presence of hypnozoites in the liver.

I. P. malariae

II. P. vivax

III. P. ovale

IV. P. falciparum

Species identification of an immature amebic cyst can be very difficult. The presence of a large glycogen mass is sometimes seen in:

Surgery is the treatment of choice for Cystic Echinococcosis.

Albendazole or Mebendazole may be used for pre/post-surgical chemotherapy of Echinoccocosis.

Which of the following findings in a peripheral blood smear is especially associated with tissue-invading helminthes but may also be found in a variety of allergic conditions and other diseases?

A 48-year-old man from Texas developed fever and weakness 16 days after a hunting trip in northwest Tanzania. Several days after the onset of fever, he noticed a raised, tender, erythematous nodule (6-8 cm in diameter) on the posterior aspect of his right arm. He was hospitalized in Africa and treated for 5 days with a cephalosporin for presumed cellulitis. After little improvement, he returned to Texas. On arrival, the patient had a temperature of 38.9°C (102°F), a morbilliform rash of the trunk, and rightsided, anterior cervical lymphadenopathy. Cerebrospinal fluid contained 12 red cells and 18 mononuclear cells/uL and a normal protein level (32 mg/dL). Laboratory tests of peripheral blood revealed a hemoglobin level of 107 g/L, a white cell count of 2.4 X 109/L, and a platelet count of 75 X 109/L. The diagnosis was made by finding the extracellular flagellate parasite in a peripheral blood smear. Which of the following is the most probable etiologic agent of this infection?

In the case with Trypanosoma brucei, which of the following symptoms would be referred as “Winterbottom sign”?

Which of the following would fit the characteristics of an Ophistorchis viverrini ovum?

I. Comma-shaped appendages at the abopercular end

II. Non-operculated

III. Opercular shoulders

A 22-year-old male presents to his family physician complaining of fatigue, muscle pain, periorbital edema, and fever. He denies travel outside the U.S. The physician suspects infectious mononucleosis; however, serologic tests for infectious mononucleosis are negative. The complete blood count revealed a slightly elevated white blood count, and there were 10% eosinophils on the differential. Which of the following should be considered part of the differential diagnosis?

In the case with Trichinella spiralis how is the parasite transmitted?

Which of the following anti-parasitic drugs can be used as treatment for Fascioliasis?

I. Albendazole

II. Mebendazole

III. Quinidine

A 55-year-old female presents to her physician complaining of a fever that "comes and goes" and fatigue. A complete blood count reveals decreased red blood cell count and hemoglobin. History reveals the patient recently traveled through Europe and Africa. You should suspect _.

Trypanosomiasis can be diagnosed using parasite-free Reduviid Bug by letting them feed on a patient suspected of Chagas disease. This process is called _.

Hydatid cysts in humans are due to ingestion of a tapeworm stage normally found in canines. This stage is the _.

With a fecal specimen, which one of the following is the most dependable procedure for the accurate, specific diagnosis of an intestinal amebic infection?

The disease most commonly associated with Acanthamoeba sp. is

All of the following parasites are not able to cause Amebic Meningoencephalitis, except:

I. E. coli

II. E. gingivalis

III. E. hartmanii

Oocysts, the infective stage of Toxoplasma gondii is found in _.

Specimens that are permissible to be stained by Trichrome staining are those fixed only with _.

I. Mercuric chloride

II. 10% Formalin

III. SAF

Which of the following helminthes produces an elongate, barrel-shaped egg (50 X 22 μm) with a colorless polar plug at each end?

Which species of Plasmodium may readily be identified when crescent-shaped gametocytes are found in stained blood films?

Which of the drugs can be used to treat Oxyuriasis?

I. Pyrantel pamoate

II. Praziquantel

III. Albendazole

IV. Bithionol

What free-living amoeba is the causative agent of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis?

Eosinophilic stipplings of Plasmodium falciparum are termed as “James dots”.

The macrogametocytes of Plasmodium vivax have a “boat-shaped” appearance.

This amebic cyst has an average size of 6-8 um and is usually spherical. When mature, it has four nuclei, but immature cysts with one or two nuclei are often seen. The nuclei have fine uniform granules of peripheral chromatin and small, discrete, usually central karyosomes. Chromatoidal bars with bluntly rounded ends are sometimes present. Name the species.

Which of the following parasites is known for causing “River Blindness”?

What is the insect vector for O. volvulus?

Sanitary disposal of human feces is the most important factor in decreasing the incidence of most infections caused by intestinal parasites. Which of the following diseases would not be affected by that kind of sanitation?

Taenia saginata cysts are called “Cysticercus bovis”.

Taenia saginata are capable of superinfection.

33. The rhabditiform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis _.

Which of the following terms are other names for Dracunculus medinensis?

I. Thread worm

II. Fiery serpent

III. Guinea worm

IV. Rat lung worm

Which of the following nematode parasites is acquired from eating inadequately cooked, infected pork?

37. If left untreated, infection of Diphyllobothrium latum will result to what disease?

Hematuria is a typical sign of human infection caused by:

T. solium has 7-15 lateral uterine branches in each proglottid.

T. saginata has 20-100 lateral uterine branches in each proglottid.

Which of the following is the preferred anticoagulant for preparing blood smears for diagnosing malaria?

Which of the following microfilariae are sheathed at the posterior end?

I. Onchocerca volvulus

II. Mansonella ozzardi

III. Mansonella perstans

IV. Wuchereria bancrofti

Balantidium coli is a non-pathogenic ciliate with a single nucleus.

It is one of the smallest protozoans known to man.

Which of the following are terms that can be described as a P. falciparum infection?

Which statement is correct for specimen collection and processing?

Which of the following parasites can be diagnosed using a sputum sample?

I. P. westermani

II. S. stercoralis

III. T. saginata

E. vermicularis infection can be acquired through inhalation of parasite ova.

The gold-standard for diagnosing Enterobiasis is the cellulose tape method.

Which of the following parasites is the causative agent of West African Sleeping Sickness?

Many parasites have different stages of growth within different hosts. The host where the sexual reproductive stage of the parasites exists is called the

T. vaginalis can be found in the following specimens except _.

Which of the following is important in differentiating cysts of Entamoeba histolytica from E. dispar?

Which of the following methods/drugs can be used as treatment for Loa loa?

I. Mebendazole

II. Surgical removal

III. Diethylcarbamazine

Lois is a distraught 44-year-old female visiting her primary care physician at 9:00 a.m. She describes looking in the mirror that morning and seeing a worm crawl across her eye and then disappear. On her updated patient history, she notes she had visited the African rainforest the previous year. The physician orders a stool for ova and parasite examination, as well as a complete blood count and differential. The blood is drawn at 11:30 a.m. on the same day as the office visit at a draw site near Lois’ home. The stool parasite examination proves to be negative. The automated blood count shows increased eosinophils and a Giemsa stained blood film is prepared. An evening shift medical laboratory scientist observes a worm-like form on the blood smear that is 275 μm in length. There is a stained sheath and nuclei extend to the tip of the tail.

What is the organism described in this case study?

Lois is a distraught 44-year-old female visiting her primary care physician at 9:00 a.m. She describes looking in the mirror that morning and seeing a worm crawl across her eye and then disappear. On her updated patient history, she notes she had visited the African rainforest the previous year. The physician orders a stool for ova and parasite examination, as well as a complete blood count and differential. The blood is drawn at 11:30 a.m. on the same day as the office visit at a draw site near Lois’ home. The stool parasite examination proves to be negative. The automated blood count shows increased eosinophils and a Giemsa stained blood film is prepared. An evening shift medical laboratory scientist observes a worm-like form on the blood smear that is 275 μm in length. There is a stained sheath and nuclei extend to the tip of the tail.

What is the importance of the complete blood count ordered by the physician?

Which species of malaria parasite usually has ameboid trophozoites and produces small reddish dots in the red blood cell cytoplasm?

Which of the following statements is untrue regarding Endolimax nana?

Which of the following is a mercury containing fixative used to preserve parasites in stool specimens?

The condition “Swimmer’s itch” is known to be caused by which organism?

A systemic hypersensitivity reaction caused by the presence of Schistosoma is called which of the following?

Which ova of Schistosoma species has a large terminal spine?

D. latum is unique from other cestodes because has the only non-operculated ova. D. latum ova are usually mistaken as that of Spirometra ova.

This parasitic infection may result in vitamin B12 deficiency, and individuals with pernicious anemia are predisposed to more severe symptoms.

Iron Deficiency Anemia is the result of a chronic infection of which parasite?

Which of the following helminths produces an elongate, barrel-shaped egg (50 X 22 |xm) with a colorless polar plug at each end?

Migration of larva through the skin can sometimes produce allergic reactions called larva migrans; this is associated with

For Taenia solium infection, ingestion of cysts from undercooked pork meat will lead to cysticercosis.

Cysticercus cellulosae can cause superinfection in a patient through fecal-oral mode of transmission.

This parasite is commonly found on dog and cat intestines. Diagnosis of this parasite is the detection of characteristic ova( thin-shelled, no bipolar filaments, and 6 hooked oncospheres).

An intestinal parasite is seen in an iodine-stained fecal wet mount that is described as being 25 (Jim in diameter with a homogenously stained central body surrounded by a thin ring of cytoplasm containing a number of nuclei. This best describes

Sparganosis can occur in humans with the ingestion of _ of Spirometra or Diphyllobothrium latum.

Which of the following is the largest intestinal protozoa infecting humans?

A Giemsa-stained thick blood film showed many ring forms with no older stages, and a number of the rings had double chromatin dots. These findings are characteristic of

What is the insect vector of Mansonella perstans?

Which of the following forms of Toxoplasma gondii are produced in infected humans?

“Old man’s Face/Old man’s Glass” is the characteristic appearance of a trophozoite of which parasite?

I. Giardia intestinalis

II. Giardia duodenalis

III. Giardia lamblia

Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is caused by

What is the insect vector of American trypanosomiasis?

I. Triatomids

II. Kissing Bug

III. Conenose Bug

Trypomastigotes of T. cruzi are acquired by humans from _ of Reduviid Bugs.

Eggs or larvae recovered in the stool are not routinely used to diagnose infections caused by which one of the following helminths?

Which of the following is typical in cysts of lodamoeba butschlii?

Each of the following statements concerning Ascaris lumbricoides is correct except:

For which of the following diseases is close contact with an infected human host the most important mechanism of transmission?

The miracidial hatching test helps to demonstrate the viability of:

There are very few procedures that could be considered STAT in the diagnostic parasitology laboratory. However, several situations or request for procedures should be considered STAT, and laboratory coverage should be provided 24 hours/day. The most obvious situation would be:

The incorrect match between organism and characteristic is:

This condition results from the accidental ingestion of helminth eggs. In this instance the human becomes the intermediate rather than the definitive host. The correct answer is:

Charcot-Leyden crystals in stool may be associated with an immune response and are thought to be the breakdown products of:

A useful concentration technique used to detect microfilariae is the:

Examination of a 24 hour unpreserved urine specimen is sometimes helpful in the recovery of:

Two helminth eggs that may resemble one another are:

The zinc sulfate concentrate may not allow detection of: