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Research Methods in Psychology

Total questions: 47

Worksheet time: 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
2.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
3.
This is a method of research where the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
4.
This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
5.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
6.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
7.
The advantage of this method of research is that it can help to clarify relationships between variable that cannot be explained by other research methods, in other words- predictions.
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
8.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that the strict control of variables offers researchers the opportunity to draw conclusions about cause and effect relationships.
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
9.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that the research may not be a representative sample of the general population and doesn’t yield reliable conclusions about behavior.
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
10.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that the data is limited to only answering the question(s) asked. These limitations lead to biases, ambiguous conclusions, and low participation rates among research populations.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
11.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that it does not permit researchers to draw conclusions regarding cause-and-effect relationships
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
12.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is the artificiality of the lab doesn’t lend itself to real unexpected results.
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
13.
This method of research can only be measured between the values of -1 and 1.
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
14.
A correlation coefficient of 0.8 is a _______________ and suggests that as one variable ____________, the other variable ______________.
a)
strong positive | increases | increases
b)
weak positive | increases | increases
c)
strong positive | increases | decreases
d)
weak positive | increases | decreases
15.
Which correlation coefficient represents the strongest relationship between variables?
a)
-0.78
b)
0.67
c)
0.85
d)
-0.87
16.
In a study of the effect of a driver training program on driving skill, a possible operationalisation of the dependent variable would be...
a)
driving quality
b)
number of accidents
c)
hours spent training
d)
amount of traffic
17.
Independent variable is to dependent variable as _________ is to ____________.
a)
hypothesis | conclusion
b)
effect | cause
c)
cause | effect.
d)
conclusion | hypothesis
18.
Which kind of study can establish a cause-effect relationship between variables, assuming that the research is appropriate and well conceived?
a)
survey
b)
case study
c)
correlational study
d)
experiment
19.
Which answer lists two measures of the spread of data around the mean?
a)
mode and median
b)
standard deviation and range
c)
inferential statistics and descriptive statistics
d)
scattergrams and boxplots
20.
The population in a research study is...
a)
the whole group of research interest.
b)
the smaller group that has been chosen from the group of research interest.
c)
exactly the same as the sample.
d)
always smaller than the sample.
21.

Which answer provides examples of situational or environmental variables?

a)

independent variables, dependent variables

b)

time of day, noise level, temperature, location

c)

prior experience, motivation, intelligence, educational background

d)

extraneous variables, confounding variables

22.
In a study of the Müller-Lyer illusion, it is found that Africans who have experienced non-angular housing are less easily tricked by the illusion than people in Western cities. Which answer is true?
a)
Cultural background is the dependent variable in this experiment.
b)
The Müller-Lyer illusion is the independent variable in this experiment.
c)
The degree to which the illusion is experienced is the independent variable in this experiment.
d)
Cultural background is the independent variable in this experiment.
23.

What is replication?

a)

cloning the scientist who first did an experiment

b)

doing an experiment for the first time

c)

doing an experiment again and getting different results

d)

Doing an experiment again and getting the same results

24.

Cross-sectional studies are sometimes more useful than longitudinal studies because they

a)

are more risky

b)

have more variables

c)

cost more money

d)

take less time

25.

Psychology is the scientific study of?

a)

Science and Non-Science

b)

Behavior and Mental Processes

c)

Non-human animals

d)

Descriptive studies

26.

A ___________ is the group of individuals taking part in the research study.

a)

Population

b)

Sample

c)

Variable

d)

Control

27.

_____________ ____________ are variables that can potentially distort the relationship between the IV and the DV.

a)

Target population

b)

Confounding variables

c)

Matching variables

d)

Target variables

28.

In __________ __________ every member of the target population has an equal chance of becoming part of the sample.

a)

Stratified sampling

b)

Random sampling

c)

Opportunity sampling

d)

Self-selected sampling

29.

in Psychological research, Ethics are about ensuring

a)

the protection of all participants

b)

all ethnic groups are considered

c)

experiments are well planned

d)

the results are clear

30.

Which is not an ethical issue in Psychology

a)

Informed consent

b)

Deception

c)

Confidentiality

d)

Fit for purpose

31.

Which is not a measure of Central tendency

a)

Mean

b)

Median

c)

Range

d)

Mode

32.

In an experiment studying the impact of meditation on stress, the control group should

a)

A.not meditate at all.

b)

B.meditate as often as the experimental group.

c)

C.be able to choose whether to meditate or not.

d)

D.meditate more often than the experimental group.

33.

In a study, injections of saline solution (which contains no chemicals) were shown to be quite effective for relieving pain. This is an example of

a)

A.an experimenter effect.

b)

B.a placebo effect.

c)

C.the experimental effect.

d)

D.an order effect.

34.
You psychology professor wants to describe the average score on your first psychology test.  Which measure of central tendency is your professor most likely to use? 
a)
mean
b)
median
c)
mode 
d)
harmonic mean
35.
Which measure of central tendency is obtained by adding all the scores and dividing that total by the number of scores?
a)
mode
b)
median
c)
mean
d)
range
36.
In a strongly skewed distribution, the best indicator of central tendency is usually the
a)
mean
b)
median
c)
mode
d)
standard deviation
37.
The standard deviation
a)
indicates the average difference between each score in a group and the mean for that group of scores
b)
reveals the degree of skew for a a group of scores 
c)
is sensitive to scores at the extremes of a distribution of scores
d)
is used to determine whether a data set is positively or negatively skewed
38.
The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as
a)
scatter plot
b)
normal distribution
c)
frequency polygon
d)
histogram
39.

Statistically Significant

a)

Referring to differences in data sets that are larger than chance variation would predict

b)

A number that represents the strength and direction of a relationship existing between two variables

40.

Normal Distribution / Normal Curve

a)
b)
c)
41.

What is the most used number in a data set?

a)

mean

b)

median

c)

mode

d)

maximum

42.

Confidentiality.

Voluntary participation.

Withdrawal rights.

Informed consent procedures.

Deception.

Debriefing

All these are part of

a)

replication

b)

morals

c)

competnecy

d)

ethics

43.
A measure of variation that tells us the average distance scores fall from the mean is
a)
Range
b)
Median
c)
Standard Deviation
d)
Correlation Coefficient
44.
Descriptive statistics ____, while inferential statistics ____
a)
summarize data, determine if data can be generalized to other populations
b)
indicate the significance of data, summarize the data
c)
describe data from experiments, describe data from case studies and surveys
d)
are measures of central tendency, are measures of variation
45.
Dr. Schulte wants to investigate if aggressive behavior in children is increased if they view violent videos.  In this instance, the dependent variable is
a)

violent videos
b)

aggressive behavior
c)

a placebo
d)

the control condition
46.

For a P value to be significant it must be

a)

More than 50%

b)

Less than 50%

c)

0.10 and below

d)

<0.05

47.

A t-test is used

a)

To see if results were wrong

b)

By one researcher to make another's research invalid

c)

To determine if there is a statistically significant difference between 2 means

d)

On any research you conduct in Psychology

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