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WorksheetsLarge Group Genetics 1
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
DNA replication occurs in the ___ direction.
3' hydroxyl - 5' phosphate
3' phosphate - 5' hydroxyl
5' hydroxyl - 3' phosphate
5' phosphate - 3' hydroxyl
Naked DNA is wound around histone octomers. Select the histone protein that is NOT part of an octomer.
H1
H2A
H2B
H3
H4
Which of the following is a topoisomerase found in E. coli and is the only enzyme that can add negative (biologically active) supercoils?
Topoisomerase I
Topoisomerase II
DNA gyrase
Primase (dna g)
Which of the following are TRUE regarding DNA replication in prokaryotes? [Check all that apply]
In E. coli, there is one replication origin in its circular genome.
DNA Polymerase III is responsible for filling in gaps after primer removal
DNA synthesis is considered bidirectional.
The mechanism for DNA replication termination is unclear.
Which of the following are required for DNA replication? [Check all that apply]
Template
Helicase
Primer
DNA polymerase complex
Telomerase
Which of the following is TRUE regarding telomerase?
DNA dependent DNA polymerase
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Which of the following is TRUE of both DNA polymerase alpha and DNA polymerase delta? [Check all that apply]
5' - 3' polymerase activity
3' - 5' exonuclease activity
5' - 3' exonuclease activity
Low processivity
What is replication protein A (RPA) analogous to in prokaryotic DNA replication?
DNA gyrase
dnaA
Helicase
Single stranded binding protein (SSB)
What type of bond links nucleotides together in a chain?
Hydrogen bonds
Phosphodiester bonds
Sulfide bonds
Phosphate bonds
What type of bond links nitrogenous bases together?
Hydrogen bonds
Phosphodiester bonds
Disulfide bonds
Covalent bonds
Which of the following are TRUE of prokaryotic DNA replication termination? [Check all that apply]
Termination occurs near the center of a region called ter or T locus
The ter or T locus contains a core sequence that is bound by the Tus protein
The Tus protein has 3' - 5' exonuclease activity
The two new genomes are separated by the action of topoisomerase II
DNA polymerase δ is loaded on to eukaryotic DNA by:
Replication factor C (RFC)
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen clamp (PCNA)
RNase H
DNA ligase
Which of the following are FALSE regarding telomerase? [Check all that apply]
Telomerase is a RNP (ribonucleoparticle).
The protein component of telomerase is a reverse transcriptase.
Telomerase activity is very low in cancerous cells.
The function of telomerase is to synthesize enough lagging strand template so that a primer can be made and the lagging strand can be completed.
Which of the following is TRUE regarding 5-Fluorouracil? [Check all that apply]
Topical cream for plantar warts
Topical treatment for plantar fasciitis
Inhibits DNA gyrase
Prevents the formation of dNTP precursors to dNTPs (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
mRNA is also referred to as:
piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA)
transfer RNA (tRNA)
heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA)
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Which of the following is FALSE regarding transciption?
The 3 phases of transcription are initiation, elongation, and termination.
RNA polymerases require a primer.
The DNA of the gene to be transcribed has to be locally unwound (denatured).
RNA polymerases are dependent on a template.
Which of the following DNA polymerases does NOT have 3' - 5' exonuclease activity?
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Polymerase II
DNA Polymerase III
All of the above have 3' - 5' exonuclease activity
The RNA Polymerase holoenzyme consists of: [Check all that apply]
Core polymerase (consisting of 2 α and 2 β subunits)
δ subunit
γ subunit
sigma subunit
Which type of RNA accounts for the most cellular RNA?
rRNA
tRNA
snoRNA
mRNA
Which of the following binds to RNA polymerase and alters its conformation so that it cannot initiate RNA synthesis?
Hydrochlorothiazide
Rifampin
Primaquine
Fluconazole
Which of the following drugs inhibit translation? [Check all that apply]
Doxycycline
Tetracycline
Clindamycin
5-Fluorouracil
Which of the following does not have a defined termination signal?
Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase I
RNA Polymerase II
RNA Polymerase III
Which of the following is TRUE of DNA Polymerase III?
It has DNA repair activity.
It is held on to DNA by a sliding clamp.
It does not have exonuclease activity.
It has low processivity.
Promoters for ______ and ______ are upstream of the transcription start site. [Check all that apply]
RNA Polymerase I
RNA Polymerase II
RNA Polymerase III
Select the answer choice that chronologically orders the events of eukaroytic transcription:
I. RNA Polymerase moves along DNA
II. RNA Polymerase is recruited
III. The holoenzyme complex is formed.
IV. Transcription factors bind DNA.
IV, III, II, I
II, III, IV, I
IV, II, III, I
III, IV, II, I
Which of the following correctly describes the central dogma?
DNA » Protein » RNA
DNA » RNA » Protein
RNA » DNA » Protein
Protein » RNA » DNA
RNA primers are recognized and removed by ____ during DNA synthesis.
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Polymerase II
DNA Polymerase III
RNA Polymerase I
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerase I is specialized to transcribe which of the following:
mRNA
rRNA
snRNA
tRNA
When translation occurs, mRNA is read in the _____ direction and the protein is made from the ______ terminus
3' - 5', N to C
3' - 5', C to N
5' - 3', N to C
5' - 3', C to N
According to the wobble hypothesis, only the _____ position(s) of a codon in mRNA have precise pairing with the bases of the tRNA anticodon.
First
Second
Third
First and second
Which of the following are associated with both eukaryotic and prokaryotic transcription?
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
Promoter
dnaA
Helicase
Which of the following nucleotide triplets define a translational start codon in eukaryotes?
5' GUA 3'
5' AAU 3'
5' AUG 3'
5' AGG 3'
Which of the following is NOT a property of the mammalian signal recognition particle (SRP)?
It targets nascent secretory proteins to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
It temporarily arrests translation.
It is a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP).
It contains a signal peptidase activity
After 3 rounds of DNA replication, what percentage of DNA molecules would contain a parental (template) strand?
6.25%
12.5%
25%
50%
Which of the following binds to the origin of replication and melts DNA in an ATP dependent manner?
SSB
Helicase
dnaA
dnaG
In eukaryotes, all of the following are associated with the initiation complex of translation EXCEPT:
A molecule of GTP
The small subunit of the ribosome
A tRNA aminoacylated with N-formylmethionine
5′ -cap structure of mRNA
The repressor protein (lacI) binds to the
Promoter
Operator
CAP protein
Enhancer
A prokaryotic cell is in conditions of low glucose and no lactose. Which of the following are occurring? [Check all that apply]
Lac genes are strongly expressed.
Adenylyl cyclase is active.
The repressor protein is bound to the operator.
The cAMP-CAP complex is bound to the CAP binding site.
RNA polymerase is most likely to activate transcription efficiently when:
Cyclic AMP and lactose levels are both high.
Cyclic AMP levels are low and lactose levels are high.
Cyclic AMP levels are high and lactose levels are low.
Cyclic AMP and lactose levels are both low.
Genomic imprinting, DNA methylation, and histone acetylation are all examples of:
Genetic mutations
Epigenetic phenomena
Chromosomal rearrangements
Karotypes
In eukaryotes, transcription is generally associated with:
Euchromatin only
Heterochromatin only
Both euchromatin and histone acetylation
Both heterochromatin and histone acetylation
Which of the following repair mechanisms is responsible for the repair of double stranded breaks?
Base-excision repair
Nucleotide-excision repair
Homologous recombination
Mismatch repair
Soluble secretory proteins undergo modifications in the ER. Which of the following is NOT a modification that they undergo.
Proper folding and assembly of multi-subunit proteins.
Formation and rearrangement of hydrogen bonds.
Specific proteolytic cleavage.
Addition and processing of carbohydrates (glycosylation).
A nonsense mutation may result in:
An abnormal elongation of a polypeptide.
A large deletion within the reading frame of a gene.
A modification of mRNA
A premature termination of the synthesis of a polypeptide.
Cancer derived from connective tissue or mesenchymal cells:
Lymphoma
Sarcoma
Leukemia
Blastoma
Cells that penetrate normal tissue boundaries are called:
Dysplastic
Invasive
Hyperchromic
Pleotropic
An unmutated gene that promotes neoplasia is called a(n):
Oncogene
Proto-oncogene
Tumor suppressor gene
Autosomal dominant gene
How does mismatch repair machinery recognize which base to change?
It activates ATM kinase.
It recognizes the methylation patterns on the parental strand.
It creates an abasic site recognizable by an AP endonuclease.
It distinguishes a purine from a pyrimidine.
Which of the following are characteristic of a malignant neoplasm? [Check all that apply]
Cells that display uncontrolled growth.
Cells that invade and destroy adjacent tissue.
Cells that metastasize.
All of the above
Oncogenes usually follow an ___ inheritance pattern. Tumor suppressor genes usually follow an ___ inheritance pattern.
autosomal dominant / autosomal recessive
autosomal recessive / autosomal dominant
X-linked dominant / autosomal recessive
X-linked dominant / X-linked recessive
