Biosafety had its origin from the US ____ program which was active during the ____

(a)  

Biosafety had its origin from the US biological weapons program which was active during the Cold war

Finally terminated by (a)   in 1969

In 1943, (a)   became the first scientific director of Camp Detrick ( became Fort Detrick)

Tasked with establishing the biological weapons program for defensive purposes which enable the US to respond if attacked by such weapons

(a)  

After the 2nd world war, (a)   was designated a permanent installation for biological research and development

Later on, _____ designed modifications for biosafety at Camp Detrick.

He engaged some of Camp Detrick’s leading scientists about the nature of their work, and developed specific technical solutions

Among the solutions were ____ and ____

(a)  

Consequent meetings eventually led to the formation of the (a)   in 1984 and the meeting soon became the x annual conference

described the use of mechanical pipettors to prevent lab acquired infections in 1907 and 1908

(a)  

early progenitors to the nearly ubiquitous engineered control now known as biological safety cabinets were also first documented outside of the US biological weapons program

(a)  

Pharmaceutical company in ____ developed a ventilated cabinet for work with ____ in 1909

(a)  

At the height of increasing mortality and morbidity due to (a)   in 1967, WHO aggressively pursued the eradication of the virus

consolidated the remaining stocks of smallpox in CDC in the US and the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology in Russia

(a)  

In ____, the CDC had published the Classification of Etiological Agents on the basis of hazard

2 yrs later, the US ____ published the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant ____

The guidelines lay the foundation for the introduction of a code of biosafety practice

(a)  

(a)   - WHO published the first edition of its Laboratory Biosafety Manual

____ and ____ jointly published the first edition of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL)

This progress in biosafety practice continued until the emergence of community of ____

(a)  

director of Industrial Health and Safety at the US Army Biological Research Laboratories in 1944, was recognized as one of the pioneers of biosafety who provided the foundation of evaluating the risks of handling infectious microorganisms, recognizing biological hazard and developing practices, equipment and facility safeguards for their control

(a)  

In ____ , Wedum and his Fort Detrick colleague, microbiologist ____, analyzed multiple epidemiological studies of lab-based outbreaks.

(a)  

In ____ , the US government enacted the ____ to monitor the transfer of a select list of biological agents from one facility to another

(a)  

After the terrorist attacks and the anthrax attacks of 2001, also known as (a)   attacks of 2001, the US government changed its perspective

The revised (a)   required specific security measures for any facility in the US that used or stored one or more agents on the new, longer list of agents

•Select agent regulations were revised in ___ to address the creation of two tiers of select agents: ___ are materials that pose the greatest risk of deliberate misuse and the remaining select agents

•This change was intended to make the regulations more ____, mandating additional security measures for Tier 1 agents

(a)  

is similar in scope with the US regulations, but with more severe penalties for noncompliance (Republic of Singapore 2005)

(a)  

In South Korea, the (a)   in 2005 to require institutions that work with listed “ highly dangerous pathogens” to implement lab biosafety and biosecurity requirements to prevent loss, theft, diversion, release or other misuse was amended

In Japan, the (a)   was amended under Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare which established 4 schedules of select agents that are subjects to different reporting and handling requirements for possession, transport and other activities

In Canada, Canadian containment level (CL)3 and CL4 facilities that work with risk group 3 and 4 human pathogens undergo (a)  

In 2008, the (a)   passed a law that gives the Minister of Health and Prevention the authority to regulate the possession, manufacture, use, storage, sale, purchase or other transfer, distribution, transfer, distribution, transport and disposal of listed biological agents

The ____ ( CEN), a European Committee for Standardization in Feb 2008 published the CEN Workshop Agreement known to be as ____ which focus on laboratory biorisk management

The Workshop offer a mechanism where stakeholders can develop consensus standards and requirements.

(a)  

The CWA 15793 was developed among experts from __ different countries namely such as Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Germany, Ghana, UK, US and others and was then updated in 2011

It was updated in ____ and intended to maintain a biorisk management system among diverse organizations and set out performance-based requirements

The agreement expired in ____

(a)  

To address the concerns on biosafety guidelines for research and health laboratories, issues as risk assessment, and guidance to commission and certify laboratories, the World Health Organization in 1983 published its (a)   edition of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual.

It includes information about the different levels of containment laboratories , different types of biological safety cabinets, good microbiological techniques, and how to disinfect and sterilize equipment

On biosecurity, it covers the packaging required by international transport regulations and other types of safety procedures for chemical, electrical, ionizing radiation and fire hazards

(a)  

made effective in 2003 which applies to the 168 member countries providing an international regulatory framework to ensure “ an adequate level of protection in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from modern biotechnology

(a)  

The regulations primarily tackle the safe transfer, handling and use of LMOs that may have adverse effects on the conservation of biological diversity except those that are used for pharmaceutical purposes.

The legislation provides a framework for assessing the risk of LMOs

(a)  

In the Philippines, the (a)   under EO 430 series of 1990 focused on the organizational structure for biosafety, procedures for evaluation of proposals with biosafety concerns, on procedures and guidelines on the introduction, movement and field release of regulated materials and physico-chemical and biological containment and procedures

In the Philippines, the National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP) under (a)   focused on the organizational structure for biosafety, procedures for evaluation of proposals with biosafety concerns, on procedures and guidelines on the introduction, movement and field release of regulated materials and physico-chemical and biological containment and procedures

the office of the President promulgated Executive Order No. 514 establishing the National Biosafety Framework (NBF)

(a)  

is a combination of policy, legal, administrative and technical instruments developed to attain the objective of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety which the Philippines signed on May 24, 2000 ratified on Oct 5,2006 and entered into force on Jan 3, 2007

(a)  

Philippines signed Cartegana Protocol on Biosafety

(a)  

is an expansion of the present National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP).

(a)  

____ issued an ____ to set in place policies on the importation and release of plants and plant products derived from modern biotechnology

(a)  

The ____ with ____ formulated guidelines in assessing impacts on health posed by modern biotechnology and its applications

It shall be in charge of evaluating and monitoring processed food derived from or containing GMO

(a)  

Currently, the DOH recognizes the need to update the minimum standards and technical requirements for clinical lab

It requires clinical lab to ensure policy guidelines on lab biosafety and biosecurity ( (a)   )

it is a regional society for biosafety and biosecurity founded in 1984 which primarily promotes biosafety as a scientific discipline and provides guidance to its members on the regulatory regime present in North America

(a)  

This group was founded in 2005 to act as a professional society for biosafety professionals in the Asia Pacific region. Members are from Singapore, Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines and Myanmar. Being a member of the International Biosafety Working Group, it directly contributes to the development of biosafety best practices

(a)  

It is a non-profit organization founded in June 1996, which aims to provide a forum to discuss and debate issues of concern and to represent those working in the field of biosafety and associated activities. EBSA focuses on encouraging and communicating among its member’s dialogue and discussion on developing biosafety issues, and emerging legislation and standards

(a)  

It was created by a multi-disciplinary team, including members from health care, academia, emergency response, pharmaceutical/ biotech, as well as from the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the government. The membership also includes members of the steering committee and technical working groups of the National Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Action Plan Task Force, which created as per DPO No. 2006-2500 dated Sept 15, 2006

(a)  

- A long term goal of the association is to assist the Department of Health and Agriculture in their efforts to create a national policy and implementation plan for laboratory biosafety and biosecurity

(a)  

A non-government and non-profit association which works to serve the emergent concerns of biological risk management in various professional discipline such as the medical, agricultural, technological, throughout the country. It has established numerous activities in cooperation and collaboration with other associations, throughout the country and globally in the promotion of biosafety, biosecurity and biorisk management as scientific disciplines, BRAP goes by the tagline, “ Assess, Mitigate, Monitor”

(a)