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WorksheetsBig Ideas 8/9 - Properties and Changes in Matter
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
The states of matter differ in many ways, including shape and volume. The following three figures show the particles in a solid, a liquid, and a gas.
Which of the following correctly identifies the state of matter?
3: gas
2: solid
1: liquid
2: liquid
The following poster shows changes in state of water. Some of the information is missing.
What word belongs on arrow 2?
condensation
evaporation
freezing
melting
There are three main states of matter: liquid, solid, and gas. Which statement describes the shape of a solid?
It has its own shape.
It does not have shape.
It takes the shape of its container.
It changes shape with temperature.
Jakob studied drawings of the particles in the same substance. The drawings show the substance in different states and temperatures. Which drawing most likely shows the substance at the highest temperature?
Soryana’s teacher gave her a test tube of liquid. Which tool should Soryana use to measure the volume of the liquid?
Matter may be a gas, solid, or liquid. It can change from one state to another. Which change most often causes matter to change state?
change in mass
change in color
change in volume
change in temperature
Riley and Jill are studying what happens to matter when it changes state. They found this list of statements. Which of these statements is true?
When matter changes state, new matter may be created.
When matter changes state, it is still the same type of matter.
When matter changes state, its boiling point might also change.
When matter changes state, the space between particles in the matter stays the same.
Lina needs to make a list of the physical properties of matter. Which of these should Lina include in her list?
balance
graduated cylinder
temperature
thermometer
During an experiment, Carlos heated a beaker of water over a hot plate burner. After a period of time, the beaker was empty. Which statement describes what happened?
The water froze.
The water melted.
The water condensed.
The water evaporated.
The two objects shown are the same size. However, one object is made of wood, and the other object is made of plastic. Which of the following properties of the objects will be the same?
mass
texture
volume
weight
Susan blew up a balloon until it was completely full and as big as a soccer ball. Which of the following correctly describes the air inside the balloon?
The air is a gas that cannot be compressed by any means.
The air is a gas that always forms a round shape when compressed
The air is a gas that expands to evenly fill the space inside the balloon.
The air is a gas that will flow evenly and steadily from inside the balloon if punctured.
If two objects balance like the ones shown below, what must be true?
Object A has more mass than object B.
Both objects have the same mass.
Object A has more volume than object B.
Both objects have the same volume.
Which of the following solids will not dissolve in boiling water?
baking soda
sand
sugar
table salt
Abdul uses sugar cubes to sweeten his tea. He wonders whether stirring his tea will make the sugar cube dissolve faster or slower. If Abdul stirs his tea, what effect does it have on the rate at which the sugar cube dissolves?
The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will speed up.
The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will slow down.
The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will remain the same.
The rate that the sugar cube dissolves will slow down and then stop.
Imagine you have a bucket of saltwater. Which of the following would be the best way to remove the water so that you're left with only salt?
Stir the saltwater for a long time. The salt will form a crystal.
Leave the saltwater to sit for a long time. The salt will settle to the bottom.
Boil the saltwater. The water will evaporate and only the salt will remain.
Freeze the saltwater. The water will sink to the bottom and the salt will rise to the top.
Carrie has a container that contains thousands of mixed glass beads and iron beads of different shapes and sizes. Which of the following is the best way to separate them?
The glass beads will float, so she could add water to the container and the glass will float to the top.
The iron beads are magnetic, so she could separate the glass from the iron with a strong magnet.
The iron beads might be heavier, so she could shake the container until the iron beads settle to the bottom.
The iron beads are smaller, so she could pour the beads through a strainer and the glass beads will separate.
George's science teacher has a mixture of table salt and iron filings. Which of the following would be the best way to separate the salt and the iron filings?
use a magnet to pull the iron filings from the salt
add food coloring to the mixture to make the salt change color
pour them into a beaker of water and see if the iron filings float
heat up the mixture to see if the salt or the iron filings will burn away
Sam drops a sugar cube weighing one gram in a cup of cold water and lets it sit until the sugar cube dissolves. Malcolm adds one gram of powdered sugar to a cup of hot water and stirs it with a spoon. Rosa adds a one-gram packet of sugar granules to a cup of cold water and stirs it with a spoon. Angela adds a sugar crystal weighing one gram to a cup of hot water and does not stir it.
Whose sugar is most likely to dissolve the fastest, and whose is slowest?
Malcolm's sugar dissolves fastest, and Sam's dissolves slowest.
Rosa's sugar dissolves fastest, and Malcolm's dissolves slowest.
Sam's sugar dissolves fastest, and Angela's dissolves slowest.
Angela's sugar dissolves fastest, and Rosa's dissolves slowest.
Petra and Huy are doing a class demonstration to show that solids, liquids, and gases all have mass. They use a balance for the solids and the liquids, but they are having trouble measuring the mass of gasses.
Which is the best way for them to show that air has mass?
A. Compare the masses of an air-filled balloon and an empty balloon.
B. Use a fan to make a current of air and measure it.
C. Put an empty bottle on one side and a full bottle on the other.
D. Heat water to show it changing from liquid to water vapor.
On a sunny day, Elena is cutting branches from a tree in her yard. At midday, she takes a break, leaving a pile of branches and leaves on the ground. When she returns and gathers the branches, she notices the leaves are wilted and crisp. Which of the following correctly describes what happened to the leaves?
The trees had not received water for a long time before being cut.
The warm temperature caused moisture to evaporate from the leaves.
The nutrients cannot reach the leaves if the tree’s branches are not upright.
The leaves had been covered in frost the week before, but had not wilted until now.
Which of the following describes an example of a material undergoing a chemical change to become another material with different characteristics?
Iron turns to rust when it is exposed to oxygen.
When water boils, it turns into vapor, which is a gas.
Oxygen can become liquid at a very low temperature.
Gold can be spread out very thin to cover a large area.
Which answer describes a way that a liquid can be turned into a gas?
Apply enough heat to cause evaporation.
Apply freezing temperatures to cause condensation.
Lower the temperature of the container to allow vaporization.
Maintain a constant temperature over a long enough time to cause freezing.
Nadal is helping prepare a large meal for a family gathering. After cooking for several hours, he notices the windows inside the kitchen are covered in moisture. Which answer best explains how this happened?
Evaporated moisture is condensing on the windows.
Heating up the house will make moisture evaporate from the windows.
It is raining outside and hot and dry inside, so water condenses inside the windows.
Having many people in a house causes water to form condensation on the windows.
Iron becomes rust when it reacts with oxygen. Which of the following is another example of a material undergoing a chemical change to become another material with different characteristics?
Melting ice
Burning wood
Freezing water
Shattering glass
Sameh put a mixture of yeast, water, and sugar into a balloon. The picture shows his balloon when he started and what it looked like 1 hour later.
What kind of change did he observe?
physical change
chemical change
scientific change
geological change
Mick lit a candle. The flame heated the top of the candle. The picture below shows how the candle looked after 15 min.
Which property of the candle wax changed when the flame heated the top of the candle?
color
state
volume
weight
When an egg is cracked and put in a hot pan, it flows easily. After it cooks for a minute, the egg becomes solid.
Why does the egg change?
Breaking the shell is a physical change in the egg that makes it solid.
Breaking the shell is a chemical change that makes the egg become solid.
Heating the egg on the stove causes the egg to evaporate and become solid.
Adding heat causes a chemical change in the molecules of the egg that makes it solid.
Micah placed a beaker of water on a hot plate. When bubbles started coming to the top of the water, he made the first sketch. After 5 min, Micah made the second sketch.
What happened during the 5 min that Micah was observing the beaker of water?
Water was changed into energy during a chemical change.
Water was changed into a different state during a physical change.
Water was changed into a different material during a physical change.
Water was changed into a different material during a chemical change.
When a hiking club went on an outing, they took marshmallows to roast over a campfire.
Which of these changes is a physical change?
Wood burns and forms ash.
Smoke forms above the fire.
Air expands and moves away from the fire.
Marshmallows become blackened and crispy.
Study the image. Which two changes shown are physical changes?
chopping wood and boiling water
cooking food and burning wood
burning wood and boiling water
cooking food and chopping wood
Jo observed some changes and made a table of chemical changes and physical changes.
Which change did Jo put in the wrong column?
sharpening a pencil
baking a loaf of bread
pouring milk into a glass
crumpling aluminum foil into a ball
Changes to matter can be classified as physical changes or as chemical changes. Which of the following represents a physical change?
Destiny is making a nutrient solution to use in her garden. She has to dissolve 1 cup of plant feed powder in 2 L of water. First, she places the powder in a watering can. Then she adds the water. Which of the following actions would most likely dissolve the powder the fastest?
shaking the watering can vigorously
stirring the solution in the watering can slowly
tilting the watering can carefully from side to side
setting the watering can down and leaving it alone
DeShawn is getting a new fish tank ready for the fish he plans to buy. He has to dissolve salt crystals in the water. What would be the best thing to do to help the crystals dissolve quickly?
heat the salt crystals
crush the salt crystals
cool the water in the tank
use the largest salt crystals
Salim is studying how the rate of stirring affects the time it takes for salt to dissolve. He added 1 g of salt to each of four beakers filled with water, stirred the water at different speeds, and recorded how long it took for all the salt to dissolve each time. Salim’s results are shown in the following table.
Which conclusion could Salim draw based on his results?
Salt will not dissolve in water unless the water is stirred.
Stirring a solution of water increases the rate at which a salt dissolves.
Stirring a solution of water decreases the rate at which a salt dissolves.
Stirring a solution of water has no effect on the rate at which a salt dissolves.
Four students are dissolving sugar in water to perform an experiment. Each student dissolved 1 tsp of sugar in 1 cup of hot water and stirred the water a different number of times. The students recorded how long it took for the sugar to dissolve in each cup. The results are shown in the following table.
Which of the following happened as the number of stirs increased?
The speed of dissolving increased.
The speed of dissolving decreased.
The amount of sugar dissolved increased.
The amount of sugar dissolved decreased.
Mrs. Lopez is a chemist who is studying salt crystals. She wants to slow the rate at which the crystals dissolve in a solution of water. What could she do to slow the dissolving rate?
Crush the salt.
Stir the solution.
Heat the solution.
Cool the solution.
In a science experiment, Kayo added 1 tbsp of sugar to a flask filled with water. The diagram below shows how Kayo’s experiment looked.
Which could Kayo do to speed up the dissolving process?
Add more sugar to the flask.
Place the flask in an ice bath.
Shake the flask back and forth.
Remove some water from the flask.
A group of students are studying how substances dissolve in water. Each student adds a 1-gram sample of material to 100 mL of water and stirs the liquid for 1 min. The table shows the substance each student tested.
Which student would have a clear solution with all the material dissolved?
Imad
Leah
Shakia
Trevor
Gabrielle created a solution using a solute and a solvent. Which best describes a solution?
a chemical change
a chemical reaction
any combination of two or more liquids
an evenly distributed mixture of two or more substances
Lonnie stirred some sugar into a pitcher of lemonade. What most likely happend to the sugar?
The sugar floated to the top of the surface.
The sugar dissolved in the lemonade.
The sugar floated away after it was stirred.
The sugar all settled to the bottom of the pitcher.
Darla put some sugar in a pitcher of iced tea. Why is Darla stirring the iced tea?
Stirring makes the iced tea colder.
Stirring makes the sugar dissolve more quickly.
Stirring keeps the sugar from forming into larger pieces.
The sugar will not dissolve unless she stirs the iced tea.
Rey is making soup. He will dissolve cubes of instant soup mix in hot water. How can Rey make the soup cubes dissolve more quickly in the water?
Use less water
Use more water
Add ice cubes to cool the water
Break the soup cubes into smaller pieces
Sharla is using powder mix to make hot chocolate. She wil boil some water and then stir in the mix. What is the best way to make the powdered mix dissolve more quickly?
Use less water
Use more water
Stir the mix more slowly
Stir the mix more quickly
Ernesto and Amanda fill two cups with water. They use hot water in one cupe and cold water in the other cup. Next, they will stirr a spoon of salt in each cup. What will mostl likely happen to the salt in the cups?
The salt will not dissolve in either cup.
The salt will dissolve more slowly in the hot water.
The salt will dissolve more slowly in the cold water.
The salt will dissolve at the same speed in both cups.
Ravi and Marge mixed cereal and pretzels for a party. After the party, they wanted to separate the mixture. They planned to package each food as snacks to eat later. Which of these is the best property to use to quickly and easily separate the mixture?
shape
solubility
volume
weight
A boy emptied out a piggy bank and got a mixture of all different kinds of coins. He wants to separate them by kind. What is the best property to use to separate the mixture into the different kids of coins?
color
shape
size
magnetic attraction
Pam and Tarik are experimenting with a mixture of sugar and sand. They add water and stir thoroughly. How can they separate the sand from the mixture?
Wait for the sand to float to the top of the water
Pour the mixture through filter paper in a funnel
Boil the mixture to evaporate the water
Use a magnet to separate the sand from the sugar
Martha has a big box with a mixture of paper clips. Some are metal and some are plastic. The plastic clips come in four different colors. Which is the best property for Martha to use to quickly separate the metal paper clips from the plastic paper clips?
volume
cost
magnetic attraction
weight
Heidi combined lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, and shredded cheese to make a salad. Which best describes what Heidi made?
combination
element
mixture
solution
Katya is surfing at the beach. She accidentally gets some ocean water and seaweed in her mouth. What do ocean water and seaweed form together?
a mixture
a solute
a solution
a solvent
Sierra made a mixture of sand and pebbles to use for an art project. When she is finished, she wants to separate the sand and pebbles to be used for other projects. Which is the best way for her to separate the sand from the pebbles?
by size
by color
by shape
by density
Lucas has a mixture of playing pieces for a game, shown in the following picture.
Which is the best way for him to separate the mixture so each player has the correct pieces?
by size
by color
by shape
by density
The following illustration shows a tool that can be used to separate elements of certain mixtures.
This tool can separate what type of mixture?
a solution, such as salt water
a mixture of particles with different densities
a mixture of particles of different sizes, such as seashells and sand
a mixture of magnetic and nonmagnetic items, such as steel and aluminum cans
Ellen has a mixture of sand and gravel. She places the mixture in a container and shakes the container. The picture below shows the mixture after it was shaken.
Which property best explains why the sand and gravel separated into two groups?
color
shape
weight
particle size
