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Unit 2 Exam Review

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If ATP breakdown (hydrolysis) is inhibited, which of the following types of movement across cell membranes is also inhibited?

a)

Movement of oxygen into a cell

b)

Movement of water through aquaporins

c)

Passage of a solute against its concentration gradient

d)

Facilitated diffusion of a permeable substance

2.

A common laboratory investigation involves putting a solution of starch and glucose into a dialysis bag and suspending the bag in a beaker of water, as shown in the figure below.


The investigation is aimed at understanding how molecular size affects movement through a membrane.


Which of the following best represents the amount of starch, water, and glucose in the dialysis bag over the course of the investigation?

a)
b)
c)
d)
3.

Cystic fibrosis is a recessively inherited disorder that results from a mutation in the gene encoding CFTR chloride ion channels located on the surface of many epithelial cells. As shown in the figure, the mutation prevents the normal movement of chloride ions from the cytosol of the cell to the extracellular fluid. As a consequence of the mutation, the mucus layer that is normally present on the surface of the cells becomes exceptionally dehydrated and viscous.


An answer to which of the following questions would provide the most information about the association between the CFTR mutation and the viscous mucus?

a)

Is the mucus also secreted from the cells through the CFTR proteins?

b)

How does the disrupted chloride movement affect the movement of sodium ions and water by the cell?

c)

How does the mutation alter the structure of the CFTR proteins?

d)

What is the change in nucleotide sequence that results in the CFTR mutation?

4.

You are a farmer growing crops. The concentration of your potatoes are 0.35M and you are advised to water your plants with a 0.35M saline solution to provide nutrients. What happens to the plant cells?

a)

Cells are normal since this is an isotonic solution.

b)

Cells become flaccid since this is an isotonic solution.

c)

Cell become plasmolyzed since this is an isotonic solution.

5.

You are a doctor. A patient comes in dehydrated. What type of solution would be best to place into their IV?

a)

A hypotonic solution to allow the cells to rehydrate.

b)

A slightly hypertonic solution to allow the cells to rehydrate.

c)

An isotonic solution to increase fluid in the body without causing harm to the cells.

d)

An isotonic solution to decrease fluid in the body without causing harm to the cells.

6.

Which of the following describes an appropriate water movement pathway?

a)

hypotonic solution to hypertonic solution

b)

hypertonic solution to hypotonic solution

c)

hypertonic solution to isotonic solution

d)

isotonic solution to hypotonic solution

7.

What is the difference between the molecule transported in facilitated diffusion versus simple diffusion?

a)

facilitated diffusion involves nonpolar solute transport through a membrane protein

b)

simple diffusion involves nonpolar solute transport through a membrane protein

c)

facilitated diffusion involves polar solute transport through a membrane protein

d)

simple diffusion involved polar solute transport through a membrane protein

8.

Which of the following describes the difference between passive and active transport?

a)

passive transport involves moving solutes against the concentration gradient using ATP.

b)

active transport involves moving solutes against the concentration gradient using ATP.

c)

passive transport involves moving solutes with the concentration gradient using ATP.

d)

active transport involves moving solutes with the concentration gradient using ATP.

9.

Which of the following describes the difference between channel and carrier transport proteins?

a)

channel proteins bind to solute to shuttle the solute across the membrane

b)

channel proteins provide a nonpolar channel through the membrane

c)

carrier proteins bind to solute to shuttle the solute across the membrane

d)

carrier proteins provide a nonpolar channel through the membrane

10.

Describe what would happen if you placed an animal cell in 1.0 M solution.

a)

The cell would lyse

b)

The cell would be flaccid

c)

The cell would shrivel

d)

The cell would be normal

11.

Describe what would happen if you placed a plant cell in a 0.0 M solution.

a)

The cell would lyse

b)

The cell would be turgid

c)

The cell would plasmolyze

d)

The cell would be flaccid

12.

What organelle found in a plant cell provides the plant cell with turgid pressure?

a)

Rough ER

b)

Golgi Bodies

c)

Central Vacuole

d)

Lysosome

13.

What property of the plasma membrane allows for oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse by simple diffusion?

a)

Phospholipids are nonpolar allowing for small, nonpolar substances to dissolve.

b)

Phospholipids are polar allowing for small, polar substances to dissolve.

c)

Phospholipids are amphipathic allowing for a nonpolar interior for nonpolar substances to diffuse.

d)

Phospholipids are amphipathic allowing for polar interior for polar substances to diffuse.

14.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. Which organelle synthesized the protein?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

15.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that is associated with defects in the CFTR protein found in the membrane. After being synthesized, where does it go to be modified, packaged, and sorted?

a)

Golgi Bodies

b)

Rough ER

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Lysosome

16.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of cells. How can you determine these are eukaryotic cells?

a)

They have ribosomes.

b)

They have membrane bound organelles.

c)

They have DNA.

d)

The have a plasma membrane.

17.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of cell X.

a)

Detoxification.

b)

Secretion of Proteins.

c)

Mobility.

d)

Storage.

18.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of cell Y.

a)

Detoxification.

b)

Secretion of Proteins.

c)

Mobility.

d)

Storage.

19.

The following data was collected by observing subcellular structures of three different types of eukaryotic cells. Identify a function of cell z.

a)

Detoxification.

b)

Secretion of Proteins.

c)

Mobility.

d)

Storage.

20.

How does the location of the ribosome affect the type of protein product?

a)

free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins while bound ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins

b)

free ribosomes synthesize membrane proteins while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins

c)

free ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria while bound ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins.

d)

free ribosomes synthesize cytosolic proteins while bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for the mitochondria.

21.

Where is the mRNA used for synthesis of proteins made?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

rough ER

d)

smooth ER

22.

What organelle is responsible for storing calcium?

a)

lysosome

b)

smooth ER

c)

rough ER

d)

Golgi Bodies

23.

Tay Sachs results from a build-up of fats due to an error in which organelle that is responsible for digesting macromolecules?

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

lysosome

d)

Golgi Bodies

24.
Why are lipids and proteins free to move laterally in membranes?
a)
Molecules such as cellulose can pull them in various directions.
b)
The interior of the membrane is filled with liquid water.
c)
There are only weak hydrophobic interactions in the interior of the membrane.
d)
There are no covalent bonds between lipid and protein in the membrane.
25.
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disease in humans in which chloride ion channels in cell membranes are missing or nonfunctional. If a young male child has cystic fibrosis, which of the following would affect his fertility?
a)
incomplete maturation of the testes
b)
inability to make sperm
c)
incorrect concentrations of ions in semen
d)
failure to form genital structures appropriately
26.
An animal cell lacking oligosaccharides on the external surface of its plasma membrane would likely be impaired in which function?
a)
cell-cell recognition
b)
establishing the diffusion barrier to charged molecules
c)
transporting ions against an electrochemical gradient
d)
attaching to the cytoskeleton
27.
Cells of the pancreas will incorporate radioactively labeled amino acids into proteins. This "tagging" of newly synthesized proteins enables a researcher to track their location. In this case, we are tracking an enzyme secreted by pancreatic cells. What is its most likely pathway?
a)
Golgi -> ER -> lysosome
b)
nucleus -> ER -> Golgi
c)
ER -> Golgi -> vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
d)
ER -> Golgi -> nucleus
28.
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
a)
ribosomes.
b)
an endoplasmic reticulum.
c)
a cell wall.
d)
DNA.
29.
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane?
a)
It exhibits a specificity for a particular type of molecule.
b)
It works against diffusion.
c)
It is a peripheral membrane protein.
d)
It has few, if any, hydrophobic amino acids.
30.
Plasmodesmata in plant cells are most similar in function to which of the following structures in animal cells?
a)
desmosomes
b)
extracellular matrix
c)
gap junctions
d)
tight junctions
31.
In order for a protein to be an integral membrane protein it would have to be which of the following?
a)
amphipathic
b)
hydrophobic
c)
hydrophilic
d)
exposed on only one surface of the membrane
32.
A cell has the following molecules and structures: enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from
a)
an animal, but not a plant.
b)
any kind of organism.
c)
a plant, but not an animal.
d)
a plant or an animal.
33.
Under which of the following conditions would you expect to find a cell with a predominance of free ribosomes?
a)
a cell that is constructing its cell wall or extracellular matrix
b)
a cell that is secreting proteins
c)
a cell that is producing cytoplasmic enzymes
d)
a cell that is enlarging its vacuole
34.
Glucose diffuses slowly through artificial phospholipid bilayers. The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells?
a)
phagocytosis
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
active transport pumps
d)
simple diffusion
35.
The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger than the corresponding volume in animal cells. The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that
a)
plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
b)
the basic functions of plant cells are very different from those of animal cells.
c)
plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm.
d)
animal cells are more spherical, while plant cells are elongated.
36.
What is the function of nucleus?
a)
Structure that organizes motion of chromosomes. 
b)
Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell 
c)
Membrane that surrounds and protects the cell 
d)
Stack of membranes that packages chemicals
37.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
a)
Active does not need energy and passive uses ATP (energy)
b)
Active uses ATP (energy) and passive does not need energy
c)
Active stores transport proteins and passive releases 
d)
Active uses hormones and passive does not 
38.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
39.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
40.
Bacteria are engulfed by
a)
Pinocytosis
b)
Receptor mediated endocytosis
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Phagocytosis

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