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WorksheetsUnit 4 Test Review
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 25mins
Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids, however, on a gram to gram basis lipids provide cells with more_
nitrogen
protein
structure
energy
Which biomolecule stores energy long term?
protein
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
Which biomolecule stores and transmits genetic information?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which bimolecule is used as the main source of energy?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Which biomolecules builds bone and muscle?
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
nucleic acid
Ferritin is a protein containing iron, which is needed by all living things. Glycogen is a carbohydrate that can be hydrolyzed as glucose as needed by an organism. How are ferritin and glycogen similar in their primary functions for an organism?
Both support the structure of the organism
Both store energy used by organism
Both store materials needed by the organism
Both store information for the organism
The specific reactants that an enzyme acts on are called-
Catalysts
Proteins
Amino acids
Substrates
What would happen if the temperature increased to 45 C and caused the shape of the active site to be changed?
The protein fragment would be digested faster
The protein fragment would be digested slower or not at all
The amino acids would combine faster
The amino acids would combine slower or not at all
What do all lipids have in common?
They produce quick energy
They don't dissolve in water
They are saturated with Hydrogens
Their compositions differ only by R-groups
Lactose and fructose are-
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
What is the primary function of glucose?
Breaks down molecules
Helps digestion
Regulates body temperature
Supplies energy
Which of the following correctly relates the biomolecule with its function?
Starch; short term energy storage in plants
Glycogen; structural component of animal cells
Cellulose; structural component in plant cells
Fat; long term energy storage by plants
Fats, oils, and cholesterol are all types of_
Cell membranes
Hormones
Lipids
Fatty Acid
One function of lipids/fats is to provide cells with long term energy. What is another function of lipids in the human body?
To provide quick energy for the cell
To form the cell membrane
To make energy from the sun
To store genetic information
An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which two biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits?
Carbohydrates and lipids
Proteins and carbohydrates
Nucleic acids and carbohydrates
Lipids and nucleic acids
Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes this sentence: Nucleotides are to ____ as ____ are to proteins.
polymers; proteins
genes; enzymes
nucleic acids; amino acids
amino acids; nucleic acids
Which of the following pair of words best completes the statement: A(n)_____fat will have double bonds between the carbon atoms of the fatty acid and will be a _____ at room temperature.
Saturated; liquid
Unsaturated; solid
Saturated; solid
Unsaturated; liquid
Both animal fats and plant oils are made up of glycerol and-
fatty acids
phospholipids
saturated fats
polar molecules
Which four elements are the most- abundant elements in biomolecules?
Carbon, Fluorine, Oxygen, Phosphorous
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorous
Carbon, Hydrogen, Iodine, Oxygen
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
Nucleotide
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Fatty acid
What is the monomer of a lipid?
Nucleotides
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Fatty acid
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
Nucleotides
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Fatty acid
What is the monomer of a protein?
Nucleotides
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
Fatty acid
Which two are examples of carbohydrates?
Lactose
Lactase
Sucrose
Sucrase
Which two are examples of proteins?
Lactose
Lactase
Sucrose
Sucrase
Which food items are examples of proteins
Potatoes
Meat
Fruit
Beans
Yogurt
Which food items are examples of carbohydrates?
Cheese
Potatoes
Fruit
Beans
Yogurt
Which food items are examples of lipids?
Cheese
Potatoes
Fruit
Beans
Yogurt
Which of these are examples of nucleic acids?
Cheese
DNA
Fruit
Beans
RNA
What is the optimal temperature for this enzyme?
0
40
50
70
Which is the MOST valid conclusion based on the graph?
Enzymes are not affected by temperature
Enzymes work most effectively at low temperatures
Raising temperature always makes an enzyme work better.
Enzyme function decreases after a certain favorable temperature
Which statement best describes the graph shown?
More energy is released by the original reaction.
Less energy is needed to start reaction B
The original reaction is catalyzed.
Reaction B occurs at a slower rate
In the lock-and-key model of enzyme function shown what is happening in Step 1 ?
The active sites are restructuring the enzyme.
The catalyzed reaction is releasing a product.
The enzyme is causing new bonds to form
The substrates are binding to the enzyme
In the diagram which structure is indicated by the letter X?
Substrate
Active site
Enzyme-substrate complex
Competitive Inhibitor
The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into usable form. If Enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substances will increase?
Lactose
Galactose
Galactose-1-phosphate
Glucose-6-phosphate
People who have Alzheimer's disease experience an increasing loss of brain function and cognition over time. Alzheimer's is characterized by a buildup of abnormal protein fragments that damage brain cells. Recently scientists have discovered an enzyme, BACE2, that decreases these abnormal protein fragments in the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease. Which statement explains how BACE2 most likely works?
BACE2 breaks down into smaller pieces that react with the abnormal protein fragments, forming more complex molecules
BACE2 speeds up the reaction that breaks down the abnormal protein fragments
BACE2 molecules link several abnormal protein fragments together forming a complete protein
BACE2 is a reactant that combines with the abnormal protein fragments
The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?
a substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme
the enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells
the enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes
a substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme
Some foods that are rich in complex carbohydrates can be difficult to digest. Gas often forms as the foods are slowly digested by bacteria in the large intestine. The advertisement is for a nutritional supplement that prevents intestinal gas. Which of the following represents evidence that could be used to support the claims about this product?
Complex carbohydrates are found in vegetables and grains, which are good sources of fiber, vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals. Vegetables and grains are known to reduce the risk of heart disease.
Some nutritional supplements provide vitamins and minerals that are missing from a person's diet. These types of nutritional supplements contain important nutrients that reduce the risk of malnutrition.
Consuming enzymes specific for carbohydrate digestion helps the body digest complex carbohydrates more quickly in the stomach and small intestine.
Some nutritional supplements add beneficial bacteria to a person's diet. These bacteria populate the stomach and prevent carbohydrate digestion.
The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH. Based on these data, the enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH?
temperature of 27 degrees C and pH of 4
temperature of 37 degrees C and pH of 6
temperature of 40 degrees C and pH of 8
temperature of 50 degrees C and pH of 10
Fireflies emit light. The production of light by an organism is called bioluminescence. To generate visible light, cells in a firefly's tail produce thousands of luciferase enzymes. Luciferase binds to a chemical called luciferin. Once bound, the luciferase enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction that combines an oxygen molecule and luciferin to produce oxyluciferin. This reaction requires energy and releases light. Which of the following best describes how the luciferase enzyme speeds up the chemical reaction?
Luciferase increases the amount of time the light is visible
Luciferase decreases the amount of energy required for the reaction to start
Luciferase increases the number of sites on luciferin that must bind to oxygen
Luciferase decreases the temperature of the environment inside the body of the firefly
Which process is most directly responsible for the production of CO2 in these sugar solutions?
Cellular respiration
Transpiration
Translocation
Photosynthesis
Where in the cell do the processes labeled I-IV take place?
I and II in the mitochondria; III and IV in the chloroplasts
I and II in the chloroplasts; III and IV in the mitochondria
I and III in the mitochondria; II and IV in the chloroplasts
I and III in the chloroplasts; II and IV in the mitochondria
Which of the following is not true of fermentation?
Has smaller ATP gain than that of cellular respiration
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Begins with glucose
It is an aerobic process
Which of the following types of organisms uses cellular respiration for their cellular energy needs?
Plants only
Animals only
Plants and Animals
The main light-absorbing molecules found in plant leaves are called ______
Chloroplasts
Thylakoids
Chlorophyll
Grana
Organisms make energy readily available by transferring the chemical bond energy of organic molecules to_
Nitrogenous waste
Mineral salts
ATP
Light energy
Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 → 6O2 + 6H2O + ATP
6CO2 + 6O2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6H2O
Cells can generate as many as 36 to 38 molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose. Which cellular process results in this amount of ATP production?
Protein synthesis
Anaerobic cellular respiration
Aerobic cellular respiration
Photosynthesis
Which of these statements best explains the process of energy conversion that takes place in the mitochondria?
Energy is required for carbon dioxide molecules to form six-carbon sugar molecules.
Water molecules and radiant energy are necessary for anaerobic respiration to take place.
Oxygen molecules release energy in the form of heat during combustion reactions.
The energy in the bonds of glucose is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP
Which of the following correctly describes how a diagram of cellular respiration would differ from a diagram of photosynthesis?
The cellular-respiration diagram would show electromagnetic waves as the final product.
The cellular respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energy.
The cellular-respiration diagram would show energy stored in large protein molecules.
The cellular-respiration diagram would show water as the main source of chemical energy
Diatoms are one of the most common types of phytoplankton in marine habitats. Like plants, diatoms contain chlorophyll and produce glucose from which of the following?
O2 and ATP
CO2 and H2O
ATP and H2O
CO2 and O2
Which statement best describes relationship between the products of photosynthesis and the reactants in cellular respiration.
The products of photosynthesis combine with the reactants in cellular respiration to remove ATP from cells.
The products of photosynthesis serve as the reactants in cellular respiration to provide chemical energy.
The products of photosynthesis inhibit reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.
The products of photosynthesis change the structure of the reactants in cellular respiration in the presence of light.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.
Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme’s function?
Enzymes are specific to a substrate.
Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions.
Enzymes can be found in all life-forms
Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules.
While eating a container of yogurt, you have to leave, so you store the yogurt in the refrigerator. A day later you return and find the surface of the yogurt is no longer smooth but has been broken into several liquefied products. You correctly guess that enzymes from your saliva, via the spoon, have continued digesting the yogurt in your absence. What will happen over time?
The reaction will soon stop because the amount of saliva is small, and you would have to add more saliva to continue the degradation.
The reaction will continue indefinitely since the enzyme is not consumed by the reaction
The reaction will continue until half is digested and then stop because the reaction between substrate and product will be balanced.
The reaction will stop because the enzyme will be denatured in the refrigerator.
