A technology which allows people to use the digital resources stored in the virtual space by way of networks which is often satellite networks. It allows people to share information and applications across the internet without being the restriction of their physical location.

This process in drug discovery is used to recognize hits from compound libraries that may become a lead compound.

Drug design that relies on knowledge of the three dimensional structure of the biological target obtained through NMR.

Netflix

Sensory

Photolysis

Thermal effect

Ksp

Isomerization

Stability analysis

This is a chemical reaction in which an organic or inorganic chemical is broken down by photons and is the interaction of one or more photons with one target molecule.

It is a process wherein optically active compounds (which consist of only one enantiomer) are converted into an equal mixture of enantiomers with zero optical activity.

This the process of connecting small molecules together and forming larger ones.

The process of converting a molecule into its isomers.

These are designed to deliver all necessary data especially physicochemical, physico-mechanical and biopharmaceutical properties of drug substances, excipients and packaging materials.

"druggability" assessment

First step in rational development of a dosage form of a drug substance before dosage form development.

Toxicity Studies

I-cloud

Patient-centric and value based medicines

Ethical Conduct in the Care and Use of Animals

Obtaining new information about the drug under trial could affect the willingness of research participants to continue to participate.

The researcher shall voluntarily obtain a waiver of the prospective research participant.

Transparency is diametrically opposed to privacy.

All procedures shall be satisfactorily described in detail only for researches having invasive methods of obtaining data.

If the findings for laboratory tests are successful, the researchers will submit the gathered data to the governing body which is the WHO for approval to continue research and testing in humans.

Depending on the purpose of the trial, patients in the control group get no treatment, a placebo (an inactive product resembling the investigational drug), another drug known to be effective or a different dose of the drug under study

Patients, investigators and data analysts do not know which patients received the investigational drug.

Drug class system: Already marketed drug product – marketed by other firm

Drug class system: New combination

Drug class system: New salt

20-100 healthy participants

These studies are intended to determine, by ascending doses, the multiple dose drug level required for a therapeutic response.

1000-3000 healthy participants

This phase provides the pharmaceutical company and the FDA with a more thorough understanding of the effectiveness of the drug or device, the benefits and the range of possible adverse reactions

A biomarker accepted by the FDA

This phase aims to monitor a drug's long-term effectiveness and impact on a patient's quality of life

control and handling of investigational drug

Review of ongoing investigations

Assurance of IRB review

These are substances, often proteins, that can be used for measuring a biological function, identifying a disease process, or determining responses to a therapy. They also can be used for diagnosis, for prognosis, and for guiding treatment.

A process that combines living cells and biomaterials

It is an on-demand technology where users utilize the IT resources over the internet platform and work on a pay-per-use mechanism instead of the previous subscription based technologies.

Large scale 3D bioprinting

High resolution 3D printing

Which of the following is correct with regards to bioprinting?

An emerging approach for disease treatment and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle for each person.

Treatment and prevention strategies are developed with less consideration for the differences between individuals.

Transderm-scop

Animal models and cell-based assays are both strategies used to identify these molecules. These allow direct screening of compounds in preclinical disease models

Drugs under Solidarity Trial against COVID 19 and its approved indications, select among the following choices that is not correct:

A. Remdesivir - Antiviral

B. Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine - Antimalarial

C. Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir - Antiretroviral used as treatment for HIV

D. Lopinavir with Ritonavir plus Interferon beta-1a • Lopinavir w/ Ritonavir - Antiretroviral used as treatment for HIV • Interferon beta-1a – treatment. for multiple sclerosis

E. Dexamethasone- anti- inflammatory

These are microfluidic devices lined with living human cells for drug development, disease modeling and personalized medicine.

In the analytical profiling of the compound under drug discovery, the structural characterization can be performed by the following:

A. IR

B. AAS

C. NMR

D. XRD

E. HPLC

Physical characterization of the new moiety includes;

A. solubility

B. morphology

C. Hygroscopicity

D. Partition coefficient

E. Stability

Which is not properly labeled with its RA numbers

For the duration of intellectual property rights, which is not true among the choices:

This deals that new discovery is to choose the compounds with a known pharmacological action and proceed to modify the molecular structure of the compound systemically to get a drug with desired properties pharmacological action and pharmacokinetics.

The study of the botanical origin of the arrow poison curare, its physiological effects and the compound responsible for its effects. Curare was used by certain wild tribes in South America for poisoning their arrows. This is an example of:

A type of drug receptor which follows the lock and key model:

Which does not correctly describe red biotechnology?

Which of the following incorrectly describes the advantages of Intellectual Property Rights?

Bioequivalence testing is the only clinical trial requirement for Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA).

In a tablet formulation where active ingredient is mefenamic acid, one formulation contains the excipient starch while the other formulation contains PEG. If these formulations differ in the use of excipients with that of innovator drug, can these 2 formulations qualify to apply for ANDA?

It is a process of communication between you and your health care provider that often leads to agreement or permission for care, treatment, or services. Every patient has the right to get information and ask questions before procedures and treatments.

On Clinical trial, which does not correctly describe the phase:

This refers to individualized treatment that uses new diagnostics and therapeutics. It targets to the need of a patient based on own genetic, biomarker, phenotypic or psychosocial characteristics.

A specific antibiotic which targets ribosomal RNA.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center international study assessing the activity of durvalumab and chemotherapy administered prior to surgery compared with placebo and chemotherapy administered prior to surgery in terms of major pathological response. This type of trial is under.

Normally, patients in Phase II studies will not be exposed to the highest drug level reached for more than 2 weeks. However, it is possible for Phase II patients to carry over into Phase III studies for longer terms.

Objectives of this phase are the following:

(1) to compare a drug with other drugs already in the market;

(2) to monitor a drug's long-term effectiveness and impact on a patient's quality of life; and

(3) to determine the cost-effectiveness of a drug therapy relative to other traditional and new therapies

The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) has the following goals, except:

The trademark protection granted by IP Philippines protects the mark also outside the country.

The type of animal toxicity testing where its effects are observed for 28 days.

A dose which is considered high enough that if no mortality/significant toxicity is seen in animals receiving this dose, no higher doses are required.

LD10 means:

The 1^st 3D printed drug approved by FDA

A type of drug receptor which is targeted structure base:

It is a patent-like intellectual property right to protect inventions. it is generally cheaper to obtain and maintain, has a shorter term, shorter grant lag, and less stringent patentability requirements.

Afrezza

Under this law, drugs developed for rare diseases gain seven years of additional exclusivity on drug sales, and the FDA is blocked from approving any competing generics during this time.

Last Resort Drug for MRSA

It is a microfluidic chip reproducing the mechanisms of a heart, in order to test medicine quickly and observe the reaction of heart cells.

This process delivers information on the effect of a bioactive compound directly on an advanced disease-relevant parameter.

These are medicines that fight bacterial infections in people and animals. They work by killing the bacteria or by making it hard for the bacteria to grow and multiply.

This test is used as an alternative to the guinea pig Draize test, and it is widely accepted that this method meets regulatory requirements. The test substance is applied on the surface of the ears of a mouse for three consecutive days, and the proliferation of lymphocytes in the draining lymph node is measured at the end.

The test animal used for skin sensitization test (Select all that may apply)

Rules and Regulations on the Conduct of Scientific Procedures Using Animals

This refers to the relevance of the study to an existing social or health problem such that the results are expected to bring about a better understanding of related issues, or contribute to the promotion of well-being of individuals, their families, and communities.

Taxus brevifolia

Multi component analysis of plant extracts can already be performed using the following analytical tools, except:

Which is in right order/sequence?

A pre-formulation parameter for stable storage conditions, how the quality of a drug substance or product varies over a given time period and under the influence of environmental factors including temperature, humidity and light.

The degree of crystallinity has a big influence on hardness, density, transparency and diffusion.

Animal Toxicity Tests duration of study, which is/are incorrect:

(SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Gold standard statistical procedure:

A Filipino author of a book on Drug Discovery Development allowed C and E to publish his/her work. Concurrently the author can also file for what type of intellectual property right:

The office which is responsible for the processing of applications for patent.

The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) brought together government regulators and drug industry representatives from the following countries to make the international drug regulatory process more efficient and uniform, except:

Advantages of Intellectual Property Rights, except.