WorksheetsChapter 8 Review 2022
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 24mins
Copernicus argued that the planets revolved around the _____.
Earth
Sun
Moon
Stars
_____ was a mathematician who showed that the orbits of the planets were elliptical.
Kepler
Galileo
Copernicus
Newton
The Church attacked Galileo because he defended the system that said the _____ revolved around the sun.
moon
sun
earth
stars
Newton’s universal law of gravitation was important because it could explain all the _____ in the universe.
motion
matter
planets
math
Copernicus’s, Kepler’s, and Galileo’s theories were important because they all contributed to proving that the universe was centered around _____.
sun
earth
mars
the stars
explains why planetary bodies stay in orbit around the sun
universal law of gravitation
Nicolaus Copernicus
Articles of Confederation
laissez-faire
first European to explore the universe with a telescope
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
René Descartes
John Locke
America's first constitution
Stamp Act
Articles of Confederation
laissez-faire
Bill of Rights
argued that people are born with a blank mind
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
René Descartes
John Locke
style that emphasized grace and charm
rococo
baroque
laissez-faire
tabula rasa
father of modern rationalism
Kepler
Diderot
Rousseau
Descartes
believed that the universe was heliocentric
John Locke
Nicolaus Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
René Descartes
ten amendments that guarantee certain freedoms
Declaration of Independence
Articles of Confederation
Constitution
Bill of Rights
argued that people are born with a blank mind
John Locke
Isaac Newton
Rene Descartes
Montesquieu
idea that the state should not interfere with the economy
universal law of gravitation
rococo
laissez-faire
social contract
British tax on newspapers and other printed materials
Boston Tea Party
Stamp Act
Revolution
scientific method
The scientific method grew out of the belief that the world is best understood through
imagination
direct observation.
the teachings of Aristotle.
a geocentric view of the universe.
Which idea of Baron Montesquieu has been incorporated into the U.S. Constitution?
social contract
economic laissez-faire
religious tolerance
separation of governmental powers
Voltaire championed the religious philosophy of deism, which was based on
reason and natural law.
superstition.
human nature and social conflict.
biblical text.
According to Rousseau's concept of the social contract
a society agrees to be governed by its general will.
a government should exact harsh punishment for crime.
the government should not interfere in economic affairs.
people should be governed by their individual morality.
Which founding document was the first constitution of the United States?
Bill of Rights
Treaty of Paris
Articles of Confederation
Declaration of Independence
How did new technology such as the telescope and new theories such as Pascal’s Law lay the foundation of the Scientific Revolution?
The government used them to make scientific laws.
Scientists used them to create more new inventions and theories.
Ordinary people used them in their everyday life.
Philosophers used them to think about ancient Greek ideas.
Which of the following made it possible for scientists to practice direct observation?
natural philosophers
Greek thinkers
the telescope and microscope
the printing press
Many intellectuals of the 1500s and 1600s did not take Margaret Cavendish’s work seriously because
she did not believe in rationalism.
her work was not logical.
her work was not signed.
she was a woman.
Francis Bacon believed that scientists should
use reasoning.
develop their own scientific methods.
study philosophy.
rely on ancient authorities
The goal of the Enlightenment thinkers was to use the scientific method to keep society the same.
True
False
Montesquieu studied a system of government in which separation of powers caused the parts of the government to control and limit each other.
True
False
Deism was a religious philosophy based on faith and the rule of God.
True
False
Laissez-faire is an economic doctrine that says the state should control the economy.
True
False
Rousseau argued that society should be governed by the military.
True
False
Diderot’s Encyclopedia was used to
attack religious superstition.
overturn capital punishment.
support the Catholic Church.
suppress Enlightenment ideas.
According to Rousseau, general will represents what is best for the
government.
peasants and lower classes.
entire community.
aristocratic and middle classes.
Mary Wollstonecraft’s ideas about the rights of women were based on
women’s need to live the same conditions as men.
the idea that women have reason, like men.
the unfairness of women not having the same rights as men.
the government’s unfair ideas about women’s rights.
Education spread widely during the enlightenment because
books were written by the elite.
schools were free for everyone.
churches promoted education.
reading material was aimed at the masses.
Unlike baroque style, rococo art depicted
the pursuit of pleasure, happiness, and love.
grandeur and power.
religious figures.
social struggle
Great Britain passed the Stamp Act in order to collect __________ from the colonies.
money
freedom
land
government
__________ was the commander in chief of the Continental Army.
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
George Washington
John Adams
The colonies feared a strong __________.
central government
king
legislative
economy
The __________ created a weak central government that did not have the power to solve the country’s problems.
Declaration of Independence
Constitution
The Articles of Confederation
Laws of Motion and Gravitation
The U.S. Constitution outlined a federal system with these three branches of government: __________, __________, and __________.
executive, legislative, judicial
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
King, Queen, and Prince
congress, senate, house of representatives
Because of the Stamp Act, what had to carry a stamp?
tea
weapons
printed materials
all imported products
By approving the Declaration of Independence, a whole people had officially declared their right to
form a militia.
choose their government.
meet in public.
print their own materials.
The federal system is a form of government in which power is
shared between the new nation and the British empire.
given exclusively to the executive branch.
given to the judicial branch.
shared between national and state governments.
Why did many European intellectuals admire the U.S. Revolution and its Constitution and Bill of Rights?
The colonies’ ideas came from the ideals of natural rights proposed in the Enlightenment.
Europeans were the ancestors of the people who went to North America to found the colonies.
The U.S. Constitution was based on the constitutions of successful European countries.
All of Europe wanted to be able to win a war as easily as the colonists’ had.
Earth-centered
Geocentric
Heliocentric
Sun-centered
Geocentric
Heliocentric
French for “philosopher”
Philosophe
Philosopher
Intellectual
Deism
the elegant urban drawing rooms where, in the eighteenth century, writers, artists, aristocrats, government officials, and wealthy middle-class people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosophes
salon
rococo
baroque
enlightenment
