Affects the respiratory and digestive systems.

Cause: Inheriting defective recessive genes from both parents

Results in mental retardation, problems of the heart, blood, and digestive system, and poor muscle tone.

cause: An extra chromosome 21

Malformed red blood cells interfere with the supply of oxygen to all parts of the body.

cause: Inherits defective recessive genes from both parents

A progressive weakness and shrinking of the muscle.

cause: Hereditary/ transmitted by female carriers of the gene but affects only males

A gap in the upper lip or palate( the roof of the mouth) causes problems with eating, swallowing, speech, and appearance.

cause: hereditary and/or environmental factors

Body is unable to process and use a specific protein that is present in nearly all foods. Brain damage and mental retardation can result.

cause: Inherits defective recessive genes from both parents

An incompletely formed spinal cord may lead to stiff joints, difficulty moving the legs, partial paralysis, and problems with the kidney and urinary tract.

cause: Combination of hereditary and environmental factors

Results in delayed development, speech problems, intellectual disabilities, poor social skills, and a smooth ridge between the upper lip and nose, small wide set eyes, and thin upper lip.

May result in the baby have a blueish tinge to their lips. difficulty breathing, weak pulse, heart murmur, and failure to thrive