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Leaving Cert Biology Revision

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Explain the term Cell Continuity

a)

Cells divide for reproduction

b)

All cells develop from pre existing cells

c)

Each organism has a characteristic number of chromosomes

2.

Cells divide for 2 purposes:

a)

Energy & Reproduction

b)

Replication of cellular genetic material

c)

Reproduction & repair/ growth of multicellular organisms

3.

How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?

a)

Asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parent.

b)

Mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction

c)

Asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms

d)

Sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent.

4.

Explain the term diploid

a)

When a cell has one copy of each chromosome

b)

When a cell has two copies of each chromosome

c)

An example -sex cells

5.

Explain the term haploid

a)

A cell contains one copy of each chromosome

b)

A cell containing two copies of each chromosome

c)

An example : human cell 46 chromosomes

6.

Chromosomes are:

a)

Found in Ribosomes containing Protein

b)

Genetic material composed of only DNA

c)

Found in the nucleus, composed of Protein and DNA

7.

a)

Interphase

b)

Prophase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

e)

Metaphase

8.

Place these cells in order of mitosis.

a)

A, B, C, D, E

b)

C, E, A, D, B

c)

C, E, D, A, B

d)

E, C, A, D, B

9.

a)

Prophase

b)

Anaphase

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Telophase

10.

Human eggs and sperm are _____, and each has ____ chromosomes.

a)

Diploid, 23

b)

Haploid, 23

c)

Diploid, 46

d)

Haploid, 46

11.

Label D, E and A

a)

Centriole, Spindle Fibres, Nuclear Envelope

b)

Pole , Spindle Fibres, Nuclear Envelope

c)

Pole , Spindle Fibres, Daughter Chromosomes

d)

Centriole, Spindle Fibres, Daughter Chromosomes

12.

What stage of the cycle is this

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Interphase

13.

What happens during interphase

a)

Chromosomes move closer to the poles

b)

Chromosomes line up along the centre of the cell

c)

DNA replicated, Disappearance of nuclear membrane

d)

Vacuole is replicated

14.

Which of the following is not an animal organ of excretion?

a)

Kidney

b)

Heart

c)

Lung

d)

Skin

15.

Name the muscles that cause hair on the skin to stand upright

a)

Erector

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

d)

Adipose

16.

How is urine carried from the kidneys to the bladder

a)

Renal artery

b)

Renal Vein

c)

Ureter

d)

Urethra

17.

Where is urine stored?

a)

Kidney

b)

Collecting duct

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

18.

Where does filtration mostly occur in the nephron?

a)

Bowmans capsule

b)

Proximal convuluted tubule

c)

Distal convuluted tubule

d)

Ascending Loop of Henle

19.

Name the hormone reponsible for the concentration of urine production

a)

Anti duiretic hormone

b)

Testeoterone

c)

Thyroxine

d)

Insulin

20.

What type of digestion involves teeth?

a)

Physical

b)

Chemical

c)

Automatic

d)

Autotrophic

21.

The taking of digestive nutrients into the bloodstream is called...?

a)

Ingestion

b)

Digestion

c)

Absorption

d)

Assimilation

22.

Which type of tooth is used to cut and slice food?

a)

Incisors

b)

Premolars

c)

Molars

d)

Canines

23.

The movement of food down through the foodpipe is called...?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Active transport

c)

Peristalsis

d)

Osmosis

24.

What is another term for the food pipe?

a)

Trachea

b)

Peristalsis

c)

Cartilage

d)

Oesophagus

25.

The Duodenum and the ileum are part of what?

a)

Small intestine

b)

Large intestine

c)

Pancreas

d)

Stomach

26.

The muscles of the stomach churn food by peristalsis to convert it to..?

a)

Sodium bicarbonate

b)

Chyme

c)

Feaces

d)

Bile

27.

The folds in the small intestine are called?

a)

Grooves

b)

Ileum

c)

Villi

d)

Lymph

28.

Which of the following is not an adaptation of the ileum?

a)

Has villi to increase the surface area

b)

Thin walled

c)

Rich supply of blood vessels

d)

Smooth walled

29.

Where is bile stored?

a)

Liver

b)

Gall bladder

c)

Pancreas

d)

Ileum

30.

What is the function of the bile duct?

a)

Bring bile to the duodenum

b)

Bring bile to the liver

c)

Bring bile to the pancreas

d)

Bring bile to the rectum

31.

What process brings digested nutrients into the bloodstream during absorption?

a)

Diffusion

b)

Osmosis

c)

Peristalisis

d)

Active transport

32.

What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?

a)

reusable

b)

catalyst

c)

specific

d)

fragile

33.

Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?

a)

reusablility

b)

denaturation

c)

specificity

d)

fragility

34.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
35.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
36.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
37.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
38.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
39.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
40.
What is another name for enzymes?
a)
chemical catalysts
b)
microorganisms
c)
biological catalysts
d)
inorganic catalysts
41.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
42.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
43.

Which 2 factors can affect the rate of enzyme activity?

a)

Light intensity

b)

Temperature

c)

pH

d)

Oxygen concentration

44.

Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best?

a)

15 C

b)

40 C

c)

30 C

d)

50 C

45.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
46.
The pH at which an enzyme is most efficient is called the _________ pH of an enzyme.
a)
neutral
b)
optimum
c)
minimum
d)
experimental 
47.
Babies do not have well developed digestive systems for breaking down proteins; therefore baby food is prepared after treatment with which enzyme? 
a)
protease
b)
lipase
c)
carbohydrase
d)
synthase
48.

An enzyme that is fixed to another enzyme or to an inert material is said to be...

a)

Immobilised

b)

Denatured

c)

Anabolic

d)

Optimum

49.

Name the substrate catalase works on

a)

Hydrochloric acid

b)

Hydrogen peroxide

c)

Sodium alginate

d)

Calcium chloride

50.

Name the enzyme found in celery

a)

Catalase

b)

Amylase

c)

Lipase

d)

Pepsin

51.

The diagram above represents relationships in an

ecosystem. What is the primary source of energy in

this environment?

a)

cellular respiration in the plants

b)

energy from minerals in the soil

c)

fossil fuels

d)

solar energy

52.

What is one of the best ways to represent the

interdependence of all of the organisms in an

ecosystem?

a)

a cell model

b)

a food chain

c)

a diagram of the water cycle

d)

a food web

53.

The diagram below represents an energy pyramid.

Which type of organism could occupy levels B, C,

and D of this energy pyramid?

a)

consumer

b)

producer

c)

autotroph

d)

carnivore

54.
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
d)
ecosystem
55.
Two or more members of a particular species living and interacting in the same area
a)
Community
b)
Population
c)
Organisms
d)
Biosphere
56.
Different populations living and interacting with each other in the same area
a)
Biome
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Niche
57.
This term describes a form of asexual reproduction utilized by yeasts in which 2 identical cells are produced.
a)
Budding
b)
Conjugation
c)
Fragmentation
d)
Fertilization
58.
Which of the following does NOT describe a beneficial use of fungi to humans?
a)
Fungi provide humans with oxygen during photosynthesis.
b)
Fungi are nature's "recyclers" and return nutrients to the environment.
c)
Fungi are used to create many medicines.
d)
Fungi are used for food for making certain foods.
59.

Which of the following letters shows the proximal convoluted tubule?

a)

A

b)

D

c)

E

d)

H

60.

Letter B represents which part of the nephron?

a)

Afferent arteriole

b)

Bowmans capsule

c)

Efferent arteriole

d)

Renal venoule

61.

Letter D represents which part of the nephron?

a)

Afferent arteriole

b)

Efferent arteriole

c)

Proximal convoluted tubule

d)

Cortex

62.

Fill in the blank: Excretion is the removal of _________ of ________ from the human body.

a)

needed products , digestion

b)

waste products , metabolism

c)

waste products, photosynthesis

63.

The kidneys remove the waste product Urine. Select 3 of the following substances that make up urine.

a)

Urea

b)

Water

c)

Salt

d)

lipids

e)

carbon dioxide

64.

What is the function of the section labelled B?

a)

Filtration

b)

Re-absorption

c)

Urine Collection

65.

Which of the following blood vessels have valves?

a)

Artery

b)

Vein

c)

Capillary

d)

Arteriole

e)

Venoule

66.

Where does the pulmonary artery bring blood to?

(a)  

67.

What separates both sides of the heart?

(a)  

68.

Name the large artery that takes blood from the heart to around the body

(a)  

69.

Name the two chambers on the top of the heart

a)

Atriums

b)

Ventricles

c)

Septums

d)

Arteries

70.

Name the blood vessels that brings blood back from the body to the right side of the heart.

a)

Vena cava

b)

Aorta

c)

Pulmonary vein

d)

Pulmonary artery

71.

What prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium?

a)

Semilunar valves

b)

Bicuspid valves

c)

Tricuspid valves

d)

Pulmonary valve

72.

What is another name for the pacemaker?

a)

SA node

b)

EA node

c)

AV node

d)

EV node

73.

Examples of Micro Nutrients are:

a)

Protein, Fat & Carbohydrates

b)

Minerals, Vitamins & Water

c)

Vitamins & Minerals

d)

All Nutrients

74.

These are needed in the body in large amounts

a)

Nutrients

b)

Food

c)

Macro Nutrients

d)

Micro Nutrients

75.

The process of the blood taking in nutrients through the villi in the small intestine

a)

Digestion

b)

Absorption

c)

Utilisation

d)

Deamination

76.

Which element is not found in carbohydrates?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Carbon

77.

A monosaccharide is a sub-unit of what biomolecule?

a)

Carbohydrate

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Vitamin

78.

The sub-unit of proteins are?

a)

Triglyceride

b)

Phospholipd

c)

Amino acid

d)

Poly-saccharide

79.

An example of a structural lipid is...

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Lignin

c)

Cellulose

d)

Myosin

80.

What is the role of vitamin D?

a)

Helps absorb calcium from the intestine

b)

Helps wounds to heal

c)

Helps form haemoglobin

d)

Dissolves a wide range of substance

81.

What is a catabolic reaction?

a)

When simple molecules are added together to form complex molecules

b)

The break down of food using teeth

c)

The movement of food through the oesphagus

d)

When complex molecules are broken down into simpler molecules

82.

Which of the following food tests require heat?

a)

Reducing sugar

b)

Lipids

c)

Protein

d)

Starch

83.

What is the positive colour change when testing for a reducing sugar?

a)

Blue to black

b)

Red to blue/black

c)

Blue to brick red

d)

Blue to purple

84.

Biuret reagent is used to test for which biomolecule?

a)

Starch

b)

Protein

c)

Lipids

d)

Reducing sugar

85.

Benedict's solution is used to test for what?

a)

Starch

b)

Protein

c)

Lipids

d)

Reducing sugar

86.

The following diagram shows...

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Polysaccharide

c)

Amino acid

d)

Triglycerol

87.

Which of the following helps form haemoglobin and prevent anemia?

a)

Calcium

b)

Vitamin D

c)

Magnesium

d)

Iron

88.

Sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate make up what?

a)

Benedict's

b)

Biuret

c)

Fehling's

d)

Starch

89.

Iodine is used to test for what?

a)

Reducing Sugars

b)

Starch

c)

Protein

d)

Lipids

90.

Deamination is the breakdown of what biomolecule in the liver?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Lipids

d)

Vitamins

91.

An example of a structural carbohydrate is...

a)

Cellulose

b)

Keratin

c)

Phospholipid

d)

Starch

92.

An example of a structural protein is...

a)

Keratin

b)

Cellulose

c)

Glycogen

d)

Starch

93.
True or False: Budding is an example of asexual reproduction used by unicellular fungi known as yeasts.
a)
True
b)
False
94.

How do bacteria reproduce?

a)

mitosis

b)

budding

c)

binary fission

d)

regeneration

95.

Mark all that are examples of asexual reproduction.

a)

mitosis

b)

budding

c)

regeneration

d)

meiosis

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