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Nuclear Chemistry Test Review

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Background radiation can come from

a)

soil

b)

rocks

c)

sun

d)

all of these

2.

What holds protons and neutrons together in a nucleus?

a)

like charges attracting

b)

like charges repelling

c)

atomic mass

d)

strong nuclear force

3.

A person’s exposure to radiation can be affected by

a)

their job

b)

where they live

c)

if they smoke

d)

all of these

4.
Radioactive materials have unstable
a)
protons
b)
electrons
c)
nuclei
d)
orbitals
5.
Nuclei with too many or too few neutrons are
a)
unstable
b)
unnatural
c)
stable
d)
never found
6.
Levels of radiation absorbed by the human body are measured in _______.
a)
mrems
b)
tracers
c)
mililiters
d)
grams
7.
Which of the following is NOT a type of nuclear radiation?
a)
alpha particles
b)
x-rays
c)
gamma particles
d)
beta particles
8.

What is the atomic number of this element?

a)

238

b)

92

c)

U

d)

none of these

9.

What is the mass number of this element?

a)

238

b)

92

c)

U

d)

none of these

10.

What is the symbol of this element?

a)

238

b)

92

c)

U

d)

none of these

11.
The time required for half a sample of radioactive nuclei to decay is called
a)
half-life
b)
strong nuclear force
c)
radioactive decay
d)
half-time
12.
Plutonium-239 decays to 1/8 of its original amount after 72,360 years. What is its half-life?
a)
72,360 years
b)
24,120 years
c)
36,180 years
d)
14,470 years
13.
The half-life of an isotope is 10 years. If you begin with 100g, how much is left after 40 yrs
a)
25g
b)
6.25g
c)
12.5g
d)
60g
14.
After 3 half-lives, the fraction of the original radioactive element that remains is _______.
a)
1/2
b)
1/8
c)
1/16
d)
1/4
15.

Using Figure 6.1 above, what is the half-life of Bismuth?

a)

10 days

b)

50 days

c)

25 days

d)

5 days

16.

Using Figure 6.1 above, how much Bismuth would be left after 5 half-lives?

a)

3.125g

b)

50g

c)

6g

d)

6.25g

17.
Which of the following occurs in the nucleus during alpha decay?
a)
2 protons & 2 neutrons are lost
b)
2 neutrons & 2 electrons are gained
c)
2 protons & 2 neutrons are gained
d)
2 neutrons & 2 electrons are lost
18.
Which of the following is a characteristic of alpha decay?
a)
Helium is released
b)
It is negatively charged
c)
can penetrate any thickness of matter
d)
all of these
19.
During beta decay, a nucleus
a)
gains a proton and loses a neutron
b)
loses a proton and gains a neutron
c)
gives up two protons and two neutrons
d)
loses an electron
20.
When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, the atomic number of the element
a)
decreases by one
b)
remains the same
c)
increases by one
d)
increases by two
21.
The type of nuclear radiation that can penetrate farthest through matter is
a)
gamma rays
b)
alpha particles
c)
beta particles
d)
x-rays
22.
Which one of these can be done to shorten the half-life of the decay of uranium-238?
a)
heat it
b)
freeze it
c)
oxidize it
d)
none of these
23.
Which of the following results in no change in the atomic nucleus, but just a energy release?
a)
beta decay
b)
gamma decay
c)
alpha decay
d)
all of these
24.
What type of particle has no mass and no charge?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
25.
What type of particle is the same as a He nucleus?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
26.
What type of particle travels at the speed of light?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
27.
What type of particle is the least penetrating type?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
28.

What type of particle is represented by ?

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none of these

29.

What type of particle is represented by

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

none of these

30.
What type of particle has a charge of +2
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
31.
What type of particle has a charge of -1
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
32.
What type of particle has a charge of 0
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
33.
What type of particle is a ray of energy emitted from an unstable nucleus?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
34.
What type of particle is produced by a neutron that decomposes into a proton and an electron
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
35.
What type of particle is an electron of energy emitted from an unstable nucleus?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
36.
What type of particle can be stopped by a thin sheet of metal?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
37.
What type of decay can be stopped by a sheet of paper or clothing?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
38.
What type of particle needs several centimeters of lead or concrete to stop it
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
39.
What type of particle can travel on a few centimeters in the air?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
40.
What type of particle is like an x-ray and light and is only a very short wavelength?
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
none of these
41.

In this example of alpha decay, what is the mass number of radium before the decay?

a)

314

b)

226

c)

222

d)

88

42.

What are the values of x in the following alpha decay?

a)

236

b)

244

c)

60

d)

240

43.

What are the values of y in the following alpha decay?

a)

94

b)

92

c)

96

d)

236

44.

What are the values of x in the following beta decay?

a)

94

b)

236

c)

240

d)

96

45.

What are the values of y in the following beta decay?

a)

98

b)

96

c)

97

d)

240

46.

In balancing the nuclear reaction, What is the identity of the element labeled E?

a)

Pu

b)

U

c)

Th

d)

Np

47.

The missing product from this reaction is

a)

beta particle

b)

positron

c)

gamma particle

d)

alpha particle

48.

The missing product from this reaction is

a)

beta particle

b)

positron

c)

gamma particle

d)

alpha particle

49.

This reaction is an example of

a)

alpha decay

b)

beta decay

c)

positron decay

d)

electron capture

50.

This reaction is an example of

a)

alpha decay

b)

beta decay

c)

positron decay

d)

electron capture

51.

This reaction is an example of

a)

alpha decay

b)

beta decay

c)

positron decay

d)

electron capture

52.
What is high-energy, with no mass or charge
a)
alpha particle
b)
beta particle
c)
gamma ray
d)
none of these
53.
What is negatively charged, ejected from the nucleus at high speed
a)
alpha particle
b)
beta particle
c)
gamma ray
d)
none of these
54.
Which of the following is an advantage of nuclear energy as a power source?
a)
Waste can be stored anywhere.
b)
Nuclear energy does not produce air pollution.
c)
Nuclear waste is not radioactive.
d)
Nuclear plants are low in cost.
55.
Which of the following is a disadvantage of nuclear energy as a power source?
a)
Nuclear waste must be safely stored
b)
Nuclear energy produces air pollution
c)
Nuclear energy produces less energy than the burning of coal
d)
The fuel source is very limited
56.
Short-lived isotopes used in agriculture to monitor water flow through crops are called
a)
carbon tracers
b)
alpha-emitting isotopes
c)
trace elements
d)
radioactive tracers
57.
Fusion occurs when nuclei _______
a)
mutate
b)
combine
c)
split
d)
none of these
58.
Fission occurs when nuclei ________.
a)
mutate
b)
combine
c)
split
d)
none of these
59.
Fusion produces _____ nuclei.
a)
smaller
b)
larger
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
60.
Fusion produces _____ nuclei.
a)
heavier
b)
lighter
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
61.
Fission produces ____________ nuclei
a)
smaller
b)
larger
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
62.
Fission produces ____________ nuclei
a)
heavier
b)
lighter
c)
same-sized
d)
weaker
63.
? refers to the minimum amount that can undergo a fission reaction & can sustain a chain rxn
a)
fission
b)
critical mass
c)
fusion
d)
alpha mass

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