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ULTIMATE ROMAN REVIEW

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A form of government in which the leader is not a monarch and certain citizens can vote is a . . .

a)

Dictator

b)

Pax Romana

c)

Oligarchy

d)

Republic

2.
How was the Roman Empire able to support its armies and public services?
a)
the army was largely made up of volunteers
b)
taxes were placed on people who had been conquered
c)
Rome forced its citizens to work without payment
d)
the army and services were funded by private citizens
3.
By expanding the empire and reorganizing the military and government to make it safe and strong, Caesar Augustus created a new era of prosperity that lasted 200 years called 
a)
Pax Romana
b)
Golden Years
c)
Pax Augustus
d)
Age of Prosperity
4.

Rome's government began as a _______ and changed to an ___________.

a)

democracy, republic

b)

republic, empire

c)

empire, republic

d)

tyranny, empire

5.
An empire is....
a)
when the government is controlled by elected officials
b)
a really good show
c)
when a large area, with many different cultures is controlled by one, all-powerful ruler.
6.

How was the Roman Republic different from the Roman Empire?

a)

The Republic was very large; the Empire was fairly small.

b)

The Republic was ruled by elected representatives; the Empire was not.

c)

The Republic had no army; the Empire had a massive army.

d)

The Republic

7.

What method did the Romans use most often to gain land?

a)

Romans had to fight countless wars against others to expand

b)

Romans traded with everyone to expand

c)

Romans bought all the land that they expanded into

d)

Romans were given all of the land for free

8.
Toward the end of the Roman Empire, what caused a decrease in the use of coined money?
a)
the coins were made from cheaper materials
b)
the Romans were unable to make as many coins
c)
the emperors shown on the coins were no longer popular
d)
the Romans began using paper forms of money
9.
Before Julius Caesar was killed, many senators were afraid that he was planning to turn the Roman Republic into an empire.  What caused them to believe this was possible?
a)
Caesar had attempted to dissolve the Senate
b)
Caesar did not participate in Rome's government
c)
Caesar conquered large areas of land for Rome
d)
Caesar had been declared a dictator for life.
10.
The Roman Republic and the Roman Empire grouped their soldiers into organized military units. The military unit was called a
a)
squadron
b)
horde
c)
legion
d)
phalanx
11.
How did the Roman Empire's use of roads help their economic growth?
a)
the Romans were payed well for building the roads
b)
the Romans rented their roads to other empires
c)
the roads made trading easier within the empire
d)
the roads were owned by private businesses
12.
What was a benefit of the time period known as Pax Romana?
a)
the Roman Empire discovered many scientific advances
b)
the Roman Empire did not suffer any major wars
c)
the Roman Empire doubled the size of its territory
d)
the Roman Empire became a more democratic government
13.
Which achievement allowed Rome to maintain contact with its large empire?
a)
the Colosseum
b)
the aqueduct system
c)
the road system
d)
the Julian calendar
14.
In which way was the practice of slavery damaging to the Roman Empire?
a)
there were fewer jobs available for free Roman citizens
b)
Roman slavery made other nations see Rome as wicked
c)
it was difficult to determine who was a slave and who was free
d)
slaves had to be fed and sheltered, which hurt the Roman economy
15.
Which factor was most threatening to the cohesion of the Roman Empire?
a)
the empire was too large to keep united
b)
the empire treated its many ethnic groups unequally
c)
the empire was separated with few land connections
d)
the empire had little access to sea trade
16.
Why were laws like the Twelve Tables unable to prevent corruption in the later Roman Empire?
a)
the tables had been lost in a barbarian attack
b)
the laws did not establish any order to begin with
c)
people ignored the laws as Rome became weaker
d)
Rome passed too many laws for citizens to remember
17.
Roman architecture was able to make great structures such as the Colosseum and the Pantheon through its use of
a)
concrete
b)
steel
c)
wood
d)
adobe
18.
Roman citizenship could be granted to anyone in the Roman Empire. What was a result of this?
a)
conquered people could feel they had a place in the empire
b)
citizens often had land conflicts with each other
c)
most people felt that citizenship was not empire
d)
native Italians often protested against their government
19.
Roman art is famous for which of the following?
a)
woodcuts
b)
paintings of Christian stories
c)
oil paintings
d)
statues of important Romans
20.
What Roman architectural contribution allowed the construction of higher, more stable structures such as the aqueducts and the Colosseum?
a)
columns
b)
arches
c)
lintels
d)
marble
21.
How did the Romans carry water from mountains into cities?
a)
by combining a set of layers
b)
by combining a set of arches
c)
by building aqueducts
d)
by building a bridge
22.
Roman roads were built primarily in order to allow...
a)
senators to get to the Senate.
b)
Rome’s armies to travel through the empire.
c)
merchants to travel safely.
d)
slaves to travel into the countryside.
23.
What material did the Romans invent that helped their structures last?
a)
volcanic rock
b)
asphalt
c)
cement
d)
lime
24.
The Roman Empire fell for all of the following reasons EXCEPT...
a)
barbarian invasions
b)
strong leadership
c)
inflation
d)
political corruption
25.
What event do many historians consider the end of the Western Roman Empire?
a)
Constantine dividing the empire
b)
a barbarian general overthrowing the emperor and naming himself king
c)
a Roman general overthrowing the emperor and naming himself king
d)
Justinian moving the capital to the east
26.
Which popular Roman attraction is pictured?
a)
Colosseum
b)
Pantheon
c)
Circus Maxiums
d)
Forum
27.
True or False: There was no system in place for choosing new emperors
a)
True
b)
False
28.
Which emperor is responsible for dividing the Empire?
a)
Diocletian
b)
Theodosius
c)
Nero
d)
Augustus
29.

A nomadic tribe from Asia that invaded the territory of the Germanic tribes

a)

zealots

b)

Judea

c)

Huns

30.

The official count of a population used by Rome to know who to tax

a)

inflation

b)

census

c)

mosaic

31.

Men who fought one another as part of public entertainment

a)

mercenaries

b)

gladiators

c)

Huns

32.

Outdoor racetrack where chariot races took place

a)

Pax Romana

b)

Colosseum

c)

Circus Maximus

33.

Last of the Five Good Emperors; His death marks the end of the Pax Romana

a)

Nero

b)

Augustus

c)

Marcus Aurelius

34.

A design formed with small tiles of glass, stone, or pottery

a)

mosaic

b)

census

c)

parable

35.

Barbarians

a)

at an advanced stage of social and cultural development.

b)

a stage of social and cultural development considered to be more advanced

c)

Word used by Greeks and Romans for all people who did not share their culture

d)

polite and well-mannered

36.

Byzantine

a)

Economy based on the private ownership of property

b)

Precious metals melted into bars

c)

Membership in a state or community which gives a person civil and political rights and obligations

d)

The word used by historians to describe the eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the western Roman Empire

37.

Orthodoxy

a)

A religion with many gods

b)

Tradition or established religious beliefs

c)

a long-established custom or belief that has been passed on from one generation to another

d)

a particular system of faith and worship

38.

What language did the Romans speak?

a)

Greek

b)

Latin

c)

Italian

d)

Mandarin

39.

Before the establishment of the Republic, Rome was ruled by the __ from northern Italy.

a)

Etruscans

b)

Greeks

c)

Trojans

d)

Germans

40.

Rome is at the center of the Apennine Peninsula in the center of this geographic feature important for trade. What is the name of the body of water that Italy is centrally located on?

a)

Baltic Sea

b)

Mediterranean Sea

c)

Indian Ocean

d)

Caribbean Sea

41.

Romans fought three wars against Carthage. Why?

a)

To control Africa

b)

To control the Western Mediterranean Sea and the trade industry

c)

To control Italy

d)

Because Carthage repeatedly attacked them

42.

The Carthaginian leader, ____________, invaded Italy during the second Punic War and brought elephants over the Alps.

a)

Scipio

b)

Caesar

c)

Ptolemy

d)

Hannibal

43.

Like the Greeks, Romans were ___________ , meaning they worshiped many gods.

a)

Monotheistic

b)

Polytheistic

c)

Aethiests

d)

Agnostics

44.

The group of people empowered to make laws for Rome were the:

a)

Senators

b)

Representatives

c)

Consulates

d)

Legionaries

45.

In Rome, rich landowners were members of this social class:

a)

Slaves

b)

Senators

c)

Plebeians

d)

Patricians

46.

__________ were two individuals that directed the daily affairs of government and led the army—one-year terms.

a)

Patricians

b)

Consuls

c)

Dictator

d)

Praetors

47.

Which city was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?

a)

Constantinople

b)

Rome

c)

Londinium

d)

Pompeii

48.

Which of the following was a main weakness that led to the fall of Rome?

a)

Romulus Augustus was allowed to have a private army

b)

the plebeians did not understand how to make new laws

c)

The emperor was too far away from Rome to rule well

d)

The Romans never developed a good way to transfer ruling power.

49.

Which of the following is not a natural border that protected the Roman Empire

a)

The Carpathian Mountains

b)

The Sahara Desert

c)

The Danube River

d)

The Alps Mountains

50.

What is the vocabulary word for the philosophy that encourages good character, courage, wisdom, and self control?

a)

Mercenary

b)

Stoicism

c)

Legionary

d)

Corruption

51.

What is the vocabulary word for a paid, foreign soldier in the Roman army? This is one the reasons why Rome fell.

a)

mercenary

b)

corruption

c)

legionary

d)

collapsed

52.

What final event marked the end of the Western Roman Empire?

a)

Germanic invaders called Barbarians overthrew the last emperor in the west.

b)

Wealthy families turned their estates into private kingdoms.

c)

Workers in the cities demanded a voice in government.

d)

The eastern half of the empire won control over the western half.

53.

Who wrote the epic poem "Aeneid"?

a)

Virgil

b)

Socrates

c)

Plato

d)

Caesar

54.

Which scientist looked at the work of earlier astronomers and suggested the Earth was the center of the universe?

a)

Galen

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Pliny the Elder

d)

Socrates

55.

Which scientist complied an encyclopedia of all known medical knowledge that was used for centuries?

a)

Galen

b)

Ptolemy

c)

Pliny the Elder

d)

Socrates

56.

What continents did the Roman Empire extend into?

a)

Africa

b)

Asia

c)

Europe

d)

North America

57.

Which emperor converted to Christianity and made it legal for the citizens of the Roman Empire to convert as well?

a)

Julius Caesar

b)

Constantine

c)

Augustus Caesar

d)

Theodosius

58.

What happened in Rome due to the political turmoil?

a)

People lost faith in the government

b)

There were mass riots and the Roman Revolution completely changed the politics in the Empire.

c)

The government moved back to being a republic instead of an empire.

d)

People left Rome for other empires.

59.

What was an unexpected result of the extended peace in Rome?

a)

Rome disbanded its military because they didn’t feel like they needed to have one anymore.

b)

Rome’s economy became the strongest in the world and other countries joined an alliance with Rome.

c)

Roman influence in their area actually decreased because people thought they were weak.

d)

The Roman military became weaker as a result of the sustained peace.

60.

Which group invaded Europe in the late 300s causing a huge wave of barbarians to enter the Roman Empire?

a)

The Visigoths

b)

The Lombards

c)

The Vandals

d)

The Huns

61.

In what ways did Roman government become more corrupt?

a)

It over taxed the people and the legal system no longer served proper justice.

b)

They completely stopped listening to the wishes of the Roman people

c)

They gave land away to barbarians because they didn’t feel like fighting.

d)

The emperor was only interested in getting more land for himself and didn’t share with anybody else.

62.

What year do many historians use as the end of the Western Roman Empire?

a)

376 AD

b)

395 AD

c)

456 AD

d)

476 AD

63.

What was the name of the leader of the barbarian group that overthrew the Roman emperor?

a)

Gintama

b)

Odoacer

c)

Attila

d)

Caesar

64.

What does "inflation" mean?

a)

rise in the cost of goods

b)

rise in the dough

c)

decrease in prices

d)

going on a vacation

65.

What was a lingering effect of the Civil Wars?

a)

Hurt the economy.

b)

Let people travel more.

c)

More people entered the army.

d)

Kept the Pax Romana for another hundred years.

66.

What does "decline" mean?

a)

weakening

b)

strengthening

c)

absorbing

d)

cleaning

67.

What was the last part of the decline of the Roman Empire?

a)

The western Empire ended while the eastern empire continued.

b)

Christians took control of the empire.

c)

Roman empire split into western and eastern halves.

d)

Both sides of the Roman empire collapsed.

68.

Rome was invaded by the _______ in 410 and by the Vandals in 455.

a)

Visigoths

b)

Mycenaean

c)

Americans

d)

Greeks

69.

Who was Romulus Augustulus?

a)

the emperor who restored order after a long period of civil war

b)

the emperor deposed in 476

c)

the emperor who made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

d)

the emperor who divided the empire into four prefectures

70.

Who were the Vandals?

a)

Persian tribe that invaded the eastern part of the empire

b)

a Germanic tribe that sacked the city of Constantinople in 455

c)

a Roman group that tried to overthrow the emperor

d)

a Germanic tribe that sacked the city of Rome in 455

71.

Who were the Huns?

a)

a tribe that defeated the Roman army at Adrianople in 378

b)

Germanic forces that invaded and sacked Rome in 455

c)

German soldiers who had been recruited into the Roman army

d)

a tribe of nomads from Asia who pushed the Visigoths into Roman territory

72.

The social and political reforms of Diocletian and Constantine ___________.

a)

led to a new golden age for the Roman Empire

b)

were only temporarily successful

c)

kept the empire from being invaded by Germanic tribes

d)

were a complete disaster

73.

Why did Diocletian divide the Roman Empire into four prefectures?

a)

Four is considered to be a lucky number in Roman culture.

b)

He did not want too much authority or responsibility.

c)

He believed the empire had grown too large for a single ruler.

d)

He believed that it would help solve the empire's inflation problem.

74.

In the third century, the Roman Empire was invaded in the west by Germanic tribes and in the east by __________.

a)

Huns

b)

Sassanid Persians

c)

Visigoths

d)

Vandals

75.

To stop economic decline, the Roman government produced more coins but what did they to do the currency (coins)?

a)

Added more silver and gold to make them more valuable

b)

Made them smaller

c)

Added less silver and gold into them

d)

Changed what emperor was on them

76.

Select all the groups that invaded the Roman Empire.

a)

The Vandals

b)

The Huns

c)

The Ramones

d)

The Misfits

e)

The Visigoths

77.
How were taxes connected to weakening Rome?
a)
Taxes changed once the census was done
b)
Taxes are not connected to the weakening of Rome
c)
Tax collectors were not doing the accounting correctly
d)
Taxes were so high that people could not pay them
78.
What things were going on with the government that made Rome weaker?
a)
Government officials were trying  stage a coup
b)
Government officials were becoming corrupt
c)
Caesar stole so much money from Rome, that it never recovered
d)
Government and the decline of Rome are not connected
79.

The succession of rulers in the early years of the Roman Empire was often accompanied by

a)

calls from among the plebeians to restore the Republic.

b)

civil wars that engulfed distant regions of Roman territory.

c)

years-long periods of uncertainty about who ruled the Empire.

d)

violence among different candidates vying for the position of Emperor.

80.

This emperor heavily taxed Rome and killed his mother and wife.

a)

Nero

b)

Vespasian

c)

Elagabalus

d)

Trajan

81.

What philosophy did Marcus Aurelius practice?

a)

Stoicism

b)

Cynicism

c)

Romanticism

d)

Hellenism

82.

Which Roman emperor is responsible for expanding the Roman Empire to it's largest size?

a)

Domitian

b)

Trajan

c)

Caligula

d)

Vespasian

83.
What does the word rule of law mean?
a)
It means that people should not follow the rules of law
b)
It means that people should live according to a set of agreed-upon laws
c)
It means that rules and laws are different.
d)
It means that laws only apply to some people

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