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WorksheetsCh 46 AKI and Chronic Kidney Disease
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 6mins
RIFLE defines the first 3 stages of AKI based on changes in
blood pressure and urine osmolality.
fractional excretion of urinary sodium.
estimation of GFR with the MDRD equation.
serum creatinine or urine output from baseline.
During the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse monitors the patient for (select all that apply)
hypotension.
ECG changes.
hypernatremia.
pulmonary edema.
urine with high specific gravity.
If a patient is in the diuretic phase of AKI, the nurse must monitor for which serum electrolyte imbalances?
Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
Hypokalemia and hyponatremia
Hypokalemia and hypernatremia
A patient is admitted to the hospital with chronic kidney disease. The nurse understands that this condition is characterized by
progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys.
a rapid decrease in urine output with an elevated BUN.
an increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urine output.
prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death
Nurses can screen patients at risk for developing chronic kidney disease. Those considered to be at increased risk include (select all that apply)
older black patients.
patients more than 60 years old.
those with a history of pancreatitis.
those with a history of hypertension.
those with a history of type 2 diabetes.
Patients with chronic kidney disease have an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease related to (select all that apply)
hypertension.
vascular calcifications.
a genetic predisposition.
hyperinsulinemia causing dyslipidemia.
increased high-density lipoprotein levels.
Nutritional support and management are essential across the entire continuum of chronic kidney disease. Which statements are true related to nutritional therapy? (select all that apply)
Sodium and salt may be restricted in someone with advanced CKD.
Fluid is not usually restricted for patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.
Decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are part of the diet for a patient receiving hemodialysis.
Decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are part of the diet for a patient receiving peritoneal dialysis.
Decreased fluid intake and a diet in protein-rich foods are part of a diet for a patient receiving hemodialysis.
An ESRD patient receiving hemodialysis is considering asking a relative to donate a kidney for transplantation. In helping the patient decide about treatment, the nurse informs the patient that
successful transplantation usually provides better quality of life than that offered by dialysis.
if rejection of the transplanted kidney occurs, no further treatment for the renal failure is available.
hemodialysis replaces the normal functions of the kidneys, and patients do not have to live with the continual fear of rejection.
the immunosuppressive therapy after transplantation makes the person ineligible to receive other treatments if the kidney fails.
To assess the patency of a newly placed arteriovenous graft for dialysis, the nurse should (select all that apply)
monitor the BP in the affected arm.
irrigate the graft daily with low-dose heparin.
palpate the area of the graft to feel a normal thrill.
listen with a stethoscope over the graft to detect a bruit.
assess the pulses and neurovascular status distal to the graft.
A kidney transplant recipient has had fever, chills, and dysuria over the past 2 days. What is the first action that the nurse should take?
Assess temperature and initiate workup to rule out infection.
Reassure the patient that this is common after transplantation.
Provide warm covers to the patient and give 1 gram oral acetaminophen.
Notify the nephrologist that the patient has manifestations of acute rejection.
