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Worksheets2.4 Carbohydrates
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 39mins
What are the 4 most common elements in living organisms in order of abundance?
Carbon, Oxygen, Iron, Hydrogen
Hydrogen, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Iron
Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Carbon, Oxygen
What complex biological molecule is a derivative of a monosaccaride?
polysacaride
natural base
nucleic acid
lipid
What simple biological molecule forms lipids?
polusaccharides
monosaccharides
fatty acids
glycerol
What are the 3 types of macromolecules in living organisms?
(a)
Other atoms with different functions attach to
(a)
A polymer is
(a)
What is a monomer?
a simple molecule used as a basic unit for the synthesis of a polymer.
a lot of polymers
a complex molecule used to form polymers
a unit of which forms a polymer
How do monomers join?
Covalent bonds by condensation
ionic bonds by condensation
covalent bonds by hydrolisis
hydrogen bonds
A condensation reaction is
(a)
Hydrolysis is the
(a)
What is an example of a natural occurring polymer in plants
rubber, cellulose
rubber, cellulose
rubber, glycogen
glycogen, cellulose
What id the general formula for carbohydrates?
Cx(HO2)y
Cx(H2O)y
Cx(H2O)2x
Cx(H2O)1/2x
What is the general formula of monosaccharides?
C(H20)2n
Cn(H2O)
CnH2nOn
H20xCx
A monosaccharide is
(a)
A monomer with 3 carbons=
triose
triple
diose
hexose
What is the formula of a tetrose?
C4H8O4
C4H2O4
C2(H20)4
C4(H2O)8
What are the 3 most common hexoses
(a)
What are the 3 most common pentoses
(a)
Easy way to formulate monosaccharides
C chain starting with H 1st C double bond to O OH beneath 3rd C OH to opposite last C = CH2OH
C chain starting with H 2st C double bond to O 3rd C OH to opposite last C = CH2OH
C chain starting with H 1st C double bond to O 3rd C OH to opposite last C = CH2OH2
C chain starting with H 1st C double bond to O 5th C OH to opposite last C = CH2OH
What is the carbon link to form a ring in glucose
1,3
1.4
1, 5
1, 6
a- Glucose has the OH group
below the ring
above the ring
b- Glucose has the OH (a) the ring
a-glucose and b-glucose are known as
polymers
isomers
complex biological molecules
polysaccharides
What are the functions of a monosaccharide
energy storage
sugar storage
act as building blocks for larger biological molecules
provide oxygen
Why are monosaccharides good energy storages?
lots of disulfate bonds - breakage of bonds=energy - energy used to make ATP
lots of hydrogen bonds - breakage of bonds= melting - can be transported to cells via osmosis
lots of ionic bonds - breakage of bonds=energy - energy used to make ATP
lots of hydrogen bonds - breakage of bonds=energy - energy used to make ATP
The most important monosaccharide in energy metabolism is
(a)
What polysaccharides does glucose form?
cellulose glycogen lactose
galactose cellulose starch
starch glycogen cellulose
starch galactose maltose
Define a disaccharide
(a)
What are the 3 most common disaccharides
maltose glucose sucrose
sucrose maltose lactose
lactose glucose sucrose
glucose galactose sucrose
Which diagram represents a glycosidic bond?
O-H-O
C-H-C
C-O-C
H-C-H
Sucrose is
a non reducing sugar
a reducing sugar
Steps of Benedict´s test
add reagent, shake, add acid, blue to purple
add reagent, heat in bunsen burner, from blue to purple
Add reagent to sample, heat it in a water bath, sample from blue to brick red
add reagent, blue to red, heat in a water bath
Why can Benedict´s test be used as a semi quantitative test?
the intensity of the red colour is linked to its concentration
it determins the presence of reducing sugars
The concentration is given by the viscosity of sample
benedict´s reagent reacts in excess
What is the result of sucrose when it undergoes Benedict´s test.
(a)
how are non reducing sugars split into monosaccharides
addition of hydrochloric acid
addition of buret´s reagent
hydrolysis reaction
heating up
After splitting a non reducing sugar into monosaccharides what must be done before carrying out Benedict´s test?
add an alkaline solution
add hydrochloric acid
add benedict´s reagent
add sodium hydroxide
why is Benedict´s reagent used to test for non reducing sugars ?
(a)
Define a polysaccharide
a polymer whose subunits are monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond
a polymer
a polymer whose subunits are monosaccharides joined by a ester bond
a polymer whose subunits are amino acids joined by a glycosidic bond
What are the 3 most important polysaccharides
(a)
What would happen if glucose was stored in the cells
(a)
what reaction unifies monosaccharides into polysaccharides?
hydrolysis
concentration
condensation
replacement
What is the storage polysaccharide in plants
(a)
what is the storage polysaccharide in animals?
(a)
What is starch made of?
(a)
What glucose isomer is present in amylose, and what are the carbon links ?
(a)
What glucose isomer is present in amylopectin and what are the carbon links?
a-glucose
b-glucose
1,4 1,6
1,5 1,4
What effect does the curved chains in amylose have?
more branches appear from the main chain
every other a glucose rotates to maintain the structure firm
chain coils up into a helical structure
chain folds over itself firming a hydrogen bond
What glucose isomer is present in glycogen and what are the carbon links?
b-glucose
a-glucose
1,5 1,3
1,4 1,6
What is used to test for starch?
(a)
What is the function of cellulose?
(a)
What glucose isomer is present in cellulose and what are the carbon links?
a-glucose
b-glucose
1,4
1,4 1,6
Click the true statements
cellulose is made from a-glucose
in the structure of cellulose there is a rotation of every 2nd glucose
hydrogen bonding causes cellulose to form microfibrils
OH groups in cellulose are attracted to O in the same glucose and other OH groups
Why does cellulose have a high tensile strength
so it can stand up plants
so it can support pressure from osmosis
so it can form microfibrils
so it can be permeable
