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WorksheetsFINAL EXAM REVIEW
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 23mins
During translation, the first tRNA attaches to the ribosome at
the release factor
the p site
the a site
the e site
If a male cat is calico, this means that he likely has
Turner syndrome
Down syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
cancer
Which of the following does NOT occur during transcription?
Once the RNA polymerase reaches the terminator DNA, the process ends
RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter
RNA bases are copied along the template strand
The DNA separates entirely after mRNA is copied
Select the false statement regarding DNA structure.
DNA is antiparallel, meaning that both strands run 3'-5'.
DNA is antiparallel, meaning that strands run in opposite directions.
The sugar in the chemical structure of DNA is called deoxyribose.
DNA structure includes a sugar phosphate backbone.
The lagging strand is in the ________ direction. It must be synthesized in a _________ direction.
5'-3'; 5'-3'
5'-3'; 3'-5'
3'-5'; 5'-3'
3'-5'; 3'-5'
All organisms use the X and Y chromosome system for determining gender.
True
False
In this image, what does the white arrow represent?
hydrolysis
mitosis
DNA replication
G1 of the cell cycle
Select the false statement regarding meiosis.
Meiosis is required for reproduction.
Meiosis creates gametes.
The products of meiosis have 23 chromosomes each.
The cells created in meiosis are diploid.
What process does arrow B illustrate?
DNA replication
Transcription
Translation
Mitosis
Meiosis
Select the false statement regarding the leading strand.
The leading strand is synthesized continuously.
The leading strand is synthesized in fragments.
The leading strand is synthesized in a 5'-3' direction.
The leading strand is synthesized towards the replication fork.
Where does transcription occur inside the cell?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Cell membrane
Promoter DNA : mRNA start codon :: __________ : mRNA stop codon
tRNA anticodon
mRNA start codon
terminator DNA
amino acid
Select all of the goals of mitosis.
growth
development
replenishing damaged cells
sexual reproduction
Kirill just turned 50 and is getting his recommended colonoscopy. The doctor detected abnormally dividing cells in colon and in his liver, meaning the cancer has spread. What is the term for this?
Chemotherapy
Carcinogenicity
Benevolence
Metastasis
Select the false statement regarding transcription.
After transcription is complete, the mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm.
In transcription, the entire DNA molecule is transcribed.
After transcription is compete, all of the players disband.
During transcription, the non-template strand does not have complementary base pairs added to it.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between males and females in meiosis?
For males, meiosis does not end once it begins.
For females, meiosis begins embryonically.
Females actually only make one gamete - the rest are non functional.
Males actually create more than 4 gametes, since they need to have many sperm.
A codon consists of (a) nitrogenous bases. (How many?)
Lyudmila went for a mammogram and the doctor detected cells that are dividing abnormally. However, they have not moved to any other part of her body. Would this growth be classified as benign or malignant?
malignant
benign
Select which blood samples would clump when antibody A is added to them.
O
A
B
AB
Select the structures NOT directly involved in translation.
amino acid
RNA polymerase
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
The largest structural unit of DNA is the
genome
chromosome
gene
nucleotide
Write the genotype of someone with blood type O.
(a)
Select the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA replication occurs.
G1
G2
S
M
Which structure is NOT involved in transcription?
Promoter region
DNA polymerase
DNA
mRNA
Which of the following does NOT occur during elongation (transcription)?
The mRNA strand continues to grow, peeling away from the template strand.
The DNA winds back together after bases are copied.
The enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the DNA.
Complementary mRNA base pairs continue to be added to DNA.
Choose the incorrect statement about cancer.
Cancer is defined as rapid, uncontrolled mitosis.
A malignant tumor is one that spreads past the place it originated in the body.
The presence of cancer-causing genes is strictly environmental, caused by carcinogens.
Tumor suppressor genes help to regulate mitosis and tell cells when to die.
What kind of molecules are the inputs and outputs of DNA replication?
mRNA; tRNA
DNA; mRNA
mRNA; polypeptide
DNA; DNA
The ribosome is already put together before translation occurs.
True
False
Which process severs the bond between the amino acid chain and the tRNA at the P site during termination (translation)?
dehydration synthesis
severance
hydrolysis
peptidolysis
Select the FALSE statement regarding termination (translation).
The release factor is the final actor that causes the complex to disband.
The release factor binds to the E site.
The mRNA stop codon triggers the process of translation to end.
The polypeptide folds into its proper shape after it is released.
How many chromosomes are there at the stage of mitosis marked with a pink star?
23
92
46
2
During which stage of translation does the initiator tRNA bind at the P site?
promotion
initiation
elongation
termination
Select the types of cells that undergo mitosis more frequently than others.
Mature skeletal muscle cells
Hair
Stomach lining cells
Intestinal lining cells
Nerve cells
Write the genotype of someone with Turner syndrome.
(a)
Write the genotype of someone who is blood type A with homozygous alleles.
(a)
Write the genotype for a calico female cat.
(a)
During elongation (translation), subsequent tRNAs first bind to the
release factor
a site
p site
e site
Select the false statement regarding sex-linked disorders.
Men are more likely to be colorblind or have hemophilia.
The gene for colorblindness and hemophilia can be found on the Y chromosome.
Men only have to inherit one copy of the recessive allele for the disorder for it to appear.
A woman with a sex-linked disorder would have inherited the allele from both parents.
Meiosis occurs in the _______ for males and in the _________ for females.
ovaries; testes
testes; ovaries
sperm; eggs
eggs; sperm
As maternal age increases, the chance of having a baby with trisomy 21
increases
stays the same
decreases
What would the phenotype of a cat with the genotype XoY be?
black male
black female
orange male
calico female
orange female
The anticodon on a tRNA reads AUC. What would the mRNA codon read?
AUC
AUG
TAG
UAG
Select the incorrect statement regarding proto-oncogenes.
They are like the gas pedal on a car.
They help cells know when to divide.
When they mutate, it can cause cancer.
They indicate that someone will have cancer in the future.
Choose the incorrect statement regarding blood types.
Some of the alleles that determine blood type are codominant.
O- is the universal donor.
AB+ is the universal recipient.
If a mother lacks an Rh factor in her red blood cells and her baby has an Rh factor, she may require immune suppressants.
Type O blood clumps in the presence of both A and B antibodies.
Choose the incorrect statement regarding mitosis.
Somatic cells are made in mitosis.
The resulting cells are diploid.
The resulting cells have 46 chromosomes.
Mitosis differs in males and females.
Nerve cells never undergo mitosis.
