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WorksheetsAdvanced Biology Exam Study Guide
Total questions: 190
Worksheet time: 2hrs 23mins
Energy flows through living systems from:
Autotrophs, to the environment, and then to heterotrophs
The sun, to autotrophs, and then to heterotrophs
The sun, to heterotrophs, and then to autotrophs
Redox reactions are important in living organisms because they:
Allow for the creation and destruction of energy
absorb free energy
allow passage of energy from molecule to molecule
none of the above: oxidation-reduction reactions do not occur in living things
Four of the five answers below are lipids. Select the exception.
triglyceride
wax
testosterone
cellulose
cholesterol
Which of the following is unsaturated?
Which of the following statements concerning saturated fats is correct?
They are more common in plants than animals
They have double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids
They are solid at room temperature
They contain less hydrogen that unsaturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms
All of the following are lipids except:
saturated fats
cellulose
testosterone
triglycerides
What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by linking 10 glucose molecules
C10H20O10
C60H120O60
C20H10C20
C120H60C120
A DNA molecule:
is double stranded and contains the sugar ribose
contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
is single stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose
contains the sugar ribose and the nitrogen bases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
The type of bond being broken in the chemical reaction above is a:
peptide
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
Which of the following terms includes all others in the list?
monosaccharide
disaccharide
starch
carbohydrate
polysaccharide
What would be an expected consequence of changing one amino acid in a particular protein?
The tertiary structure might be changed
The primary structure would be changed
The biological activity of the protein might be altered
a, b, and c are correct
Only a and c are correct
Carbon is different from many other elements in that
it has four valence electrons
it has four valence electrons
it can form single, double, or triple bonds with other atoms
all of the above
The organic macromolecule that participates in the expression of genes through protein synthesis is:
ATP
DNA
RNA
Testosterone
A fully functional molecule of hemoglobin is a good example of ___________ protein structure.
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
none of these
Fructose
is a dissacharide
is a monosaccharide
is found in fruit
both b and c
Which of the following components is not part of a nucleotide?
nitrogenous base
sugar
carboxyl group
phosphate group
The enzyme amylase breaks down starches in the mouth, but stops working in the stomach because the _________ changes the shape of the enzyme.
temperature
pH
Light
availability of the enzyme
A change in body temperature or pH may cause enzyme inactivation because
enzymes can only function in alkaline conditions
a change in pH or temperature may cause hydrolysis of the enzyme
a change in temperature or pH may change the shape of the enzyme
pH and temperature have no influence on the activity of an enzyme
The monomer of cellulose is:
a monosaccharide
a fatty acid
an amino acid
a nucleotide
ATP is comparable to a rechargeable battery because{
all molecules of glucose are made of it
it transfers high energy electrons from one chemical reaction to another chemical reaction
it catalyzes all metabolic reactions
most of the energy that drives metabolism is supplied by it
ENergy is released from the ATP molecule when:
A phosphate group is added
Adenine bonds to ribose
ATP is hit by a photon of solar energy
A phosphate group is removed
An example of an important coenzyme that functions in metabolism is:
ATP synthase
chlorophyll
NADP+
ribulose biphosphate
Describe the reaction above
an exergonic reaction
an endergonic reaction
a major explosion
absolutely impossible
What happens when a chlorophyll molecule absorbs a photon of light?
Some of it's electrons are raised to a higher energy level
It disintegrates, giving off huge amounts of heat
It plows, radiating green light and giving the plant a green appearance
Red and blue wavelengths are emitted
A student exposed two plants to only red light and two plants to only green light. Which plants should grow better? Why?
The plants under green light will grow better because chlorophyll absorbs green light
The plants under green light will grow better because chlorophyll reflects green light
The plants under red light will grow better because chlorophyll absorbs red light
The plants under red light will grow better because chlorophyll reflects red light
The plants under red light will grow better because chlorophyll reflects red light
The following statements about the light eractions of photosynthesis are all true except:
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, which excites electrons
Electrons are transferred from water to NADP+
RUBP carboxylace is activated by photons
ATP is generated by chemiosmosis
The splitting of water molecules provides a source of electrons
Products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are required by the Calvin Cycle are:
oxygen and ATP
Water and oxygen
Oxygen and NADPH
ATP and NADPH
In a plant cell, where is ATP synthase located?
Cell wall
Central vacuole
Stroma
Thylakoid Membrane
The source of oxygen produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis is:
Carbon dioxide
Water
glucose
The air
The electrons of photosystem I
Are eventually replaced by electron from photo-system II
Attach to water molecules during the light reactions
Produce molecules of oxygen gas which enter the atmosphere
are absorbed by oxygen molecules to form water
The Hill reaction:
involves the splitting of a water molecule in Photosystem I
involves the splitting of a water molecule in Photosystem II
involves the addition of a phosphate group to ADP
occurs during the Calvin Cycle in the stroma
Which pathway represents the plow of electrons during photosynthesis
H2O --> Photosystem I --> Photosystem II --> NADP+
O2 --> ADP --> Calvin Cycle
Photosystem II --> Photosystem I --> Calvin Cycle --> NADP+
H20 --> Photosystem II --> Photosystem I --> NADP+ --> Calvin Cycle
The lipht reactions of photosynthesis take place in the:
mitochondria
thylakoid membranes
strom
cytoplasm
When deciduous trees drop their leaves in the fall, the leaves turn various shades from red, orange and yellow. The source of these colors is:
chlorophyll
carotenoids
fungal gwowth
natural decay of cell walls
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the ___________ and the starting material is _______________.
Cytoplasm; glucose
Stroma: RuBP carboxylase
Cytoplasm; pyruvic acid
stroma; ribulose biphosphate
mitochondrial matrix; oxaloacetate
The products of the Calvin Cycle include:
ATP, NADPH and glucose
ATP, NADPH, and RUbisco
ADP, NADP+ and glucose
ADP, NADPH, and Rubisco
An enzyme important in the Calvin cycle is:
ATP synthase
H2O splitting Enzyme
NADPH
RUBP carboxylase
What would result if all of the 3 - carbon sugar produced in the Calvin cycle were used to make organic compounds?
The cell would become overloaded with carbohydrates and go into shock
RuBP could not be regenerated and the the Calvin Cycle would stop
Chemiosmosis would be blocked and therefor no ATP would be generated
Too much ADP and NADP+ would be produced and therefore wasted
The steps of the Calvin cycl include:
Fixation, Oxidation, and Regeneration
Fixation, Reduction, and Oxidation
Fixation, Reduction, and Chemiosmosis
Fixation, Reduction, and Regeneration
The major products of plyxolysis are:
Pyruvic avid an Acetyl CoA
ATP and NADPH
Pryuvic acid and small amounts of ATP and NADH
Pyruvic acid and large amounts of ATP and NADH
Celluar respiration occurs in:
heterotroghs
autotrophs
neither a or b
both a and b
The reactants of respiration are:
glucose and O2
glucose and CO2
CO2. H2O, and ATP
a Dominos Pizza (Legit this was on the test)
Because fermentation takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is said to be:
aerobic
anaerobic
cyclic
essential to oxygen production
The structural level of a protein least affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the:
primary level
secondary level
tertiary level
quaternary level
all structural levels are equally affected
The storage form of glucose in animals is:
collagen
starch
fructose
glycogen
For a protein to have a quaternary structure, it must have:
four amino acids
two or more polypeptide sub units
four polypeptide units
at least 50 different R-groups
at least one alpha helix and one beta pleated sheet
Variations in the properties of different organic molecules are most closely associated with:
the number of carbon atoms comprising the molecules skeleton
the presence or absence of double bonds
the type of functional groups they contain
the orientation of the carbon skeleton, either as a ring or linear
Organic macromolecules that make up the cell walls of a sunflower are:
glucose
glycogen
fructose
cellulose
The breakdown of polypeptides into amino acids occurs through a process called:
adhesion
cohesion
condensation
hydrolysis
Which type of lipid is important in the structure of the cell membrane?
cellulose
phospholipid
starch
wax
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the elements that compose:
carbohydrates
lipids
both carbohydrates and lipids
neither carbohydrates of lipids
Lactase breaks down lactose found in dairy products. Some people are lactose intolerant and this can be due to not having enough lactase production. People who are lactose intolerant may not feel well after eating foods containing lactose. Identify the enzyme and the substrate in this scenario.
the enzyme is lactase and the substrate is lactose
the enzyme is lactose and the substrate is lactase
the enzyme is unknown and the substrate is lactase
the enzyme is lactose and the substrate is unknown
The type of lipid that provides a protective layer on the outside of plant leaves and a protective layer in your ear is:
wax
fat
oil
steroid
Proteins are always composed of which elements?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
carbon, phosphorous, nitrogen, and oxygen
carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen
The twenty different amino acids found in polypeptides exhibit different chemical and physical
properties because of different:
carboxyl groups
amino groups
tertiary structure
side chains (R-groups)
The four main categories of macromolecules in a cell are:
proteins, DNA, RNA, and steroids
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids
monosaccharides, lipids, polysaccharides, and proteins
nucleic acids, carbohydrates, monosaccharides, and proteins
Most of the chemical reactions in cells must have ______ present before they can proceed.
RNA
hormones
carbohydrates
enzymes
An enzyme
is a protein
can participate in multiple types of chemical reactions
is a lipid
both a and b are correct
Which of the following is a disaccharide?
glucose
galactose
lactose
cellulose
Which of the following is not true about organic compounds?
contain functional groups
always contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
are derived from living things
are produced through condensation reactions
both a and b are not true
Biology is the study of:
minerals
energy
Pluto
life
Science is best described as a:
set of facts
way of knowing
collection of beliefs
all of the above
In multicellular organisms, cells are organized into:
organs
organisms
organ systems
tissues
About 12 to 24 hours after the last meal, a person's blood sugar level normally varies from 60 to 90 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood, although it may rise to 130 mg/100 ml after meals high in carbohydrates. That the blood sugar level is maintained within a fairly narrow range despite uneven intake of sugar is due to the body's ability to carry out:
adaptation
inheritance
metabolism
homeostasis
all of these
The figure above shows that tree finches and ground finches are descended from a common ancestor. This example represents which theme in biology?
interdependence
homeostasis
unity and diversity
evolution
Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are called:
autotrophs
heterotrophs
homeostasis
bacteria
Ecology:
refers to change in a group of animals over time
refers to the delicate internal balance within organisms
is a study of rocks and minerals
is the study of the relationship between an organism and its environment
A response is an organism’s reaction to
an adaptation
a behavior
a stimulus
homeostasis
The principal point of Charles Darwin's Theory of Evolution was that:
organisms that are the strongest survive
organisms will evolve during their lifetime to better fit their environment
organisms with adaptations that better fit their environment will more likely survive to pass the adaptation on to their offspring
all of the above
none of the above
The smallest units that can carry on all the functions of life are called:
molecules
organelles
cells
atoms
A scientist noticed that in acidic pond water some salamanders developed with curved spines. This was a(n):
hypothesis
theory
control
observation
Organisms require __________ and __________ to maintain themselves, grow, and reproduce.
DNA: cells
DNA; energy
food; sunlight
nutrients; energy
A butterfly is ______________. Choose all that apply.
an organism
a species
unicellular
multicellular
autotroph
The process in which two cells from different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism is called:
development
sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
homeostasis
You have been injured in the laboratory (cut, burned etc.). First you should:
visit the school nurse
apply first aid yourself
tell the teacher at once
text your mother
The work of scientists begins with:
testing a hypothesis
careful observation
designing experiments
drawing conclusions
To put out a fire in a person's hair or clothes, use
the fire extinguisher
the safety shower
the fire blanket
a handy chemical
he American researchers Martha Chase and Alfred Hershey wanted to determine whether it was DNA or protein that was the hereditary material for life. Based on their observations and research, they suggested that DNA was the causative agent for heredity.
This suggestion was a:
hypothesis
inference
theory
conclusion
Development occurs by:
mitosis and meiosis
cell division and cell enlargement
organization and reproduction
cell division and cell differentiation
In a controlled experiment, the factor that is observed or measured is:
the control group
the independent variable
the dependent variable
the experimental group
To be useful in science, a hypothesis must be:
observable
testable
measurable
correct
The word theory used in a scientific sense means:
a highly tested, generally accepted principle
an absolute scientific certainty
an educated guess
none of the above
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests
a conclusion
a control group
a mass of information
a single variable
Who reviews articles for peer-reviewed journals?
lawmakers
anonymous and independent experts
the scientist that did the experiments
the company that paid for the experiments
What kind of ion forms when an atom loses an electron?
neutral
negative
positive
possibly positive or negative
Compared to 31P, the radioisotope 32P has:
a different atomic number
one more neutron
one more proton
one more electron
a different charge
The way in which elements bond to form compounds depends on which of the following?
The model of the atom
The structural formula of the compound
The dissociation of the ions in the compound
The number and arrangement of electrons in the atoms of the elements
A molecule that has a partial negative charge on one side and a partial positive charge on the other side is called a(n):
polar molecule
nonpolar molecule
ion
bipolar molecule
Acidic solutions have a pH that is:
less than 7
between 0 and 14
more than 7
neutral
A solution with a pH of 8 has how many times fewer hydrogen ions than a solution with pH of 6?
2
4
10
100
1000
The property of water that causes water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules is called:
adhesion
cohesion
capillary action
buffering
The bond that holds the sugars and phosphates together on the outside of the DNA ladder
covalent
hydrogen
ionic
Because fermentation takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is said to be:
aerobic
anarobic
cyclic
essential to oxygen production
Glycolysis takes place in the ________ and the starting material is _____.
Stroma; glucose
Mitochondrial matrix; glucose
Mitochondrial matrix; pyruvic acid
Cytoplasm; pyruvic acid
Cytoplasm; glucose
Which metabolic pathway is common to both fermentation and aerobic respiration?
The Krebs cycle
the electron transport chain
glycolysis
the Calvin Cycle
The primary role of oxygen in respiration is to:
Combine with lactic acid to form pyruvic acid
yield energy in the form of ATP as it is passed down the electron transport chain
act as a final accerptor for electrons and protons
contribute electrons to NAD+
IN cellular respiration the greatest number of ATP is generated by
the Krebs Cycle
the electron transport cahin
fermentation
glycolysis
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
chloroplast
mitochondrion
ribosome
nucleus
You have been growng some anial cells in culture. The cells grow well for several weeks, and then their grown shols down. You conduct some tests and determine that there is a lot of lactic acid in the culture fluid. Which of the following is the likely explanation for the poor prowth of the cells>
There is too much glucose in the culture fluid
There is not enough glucose in the culture fluid
There is too much oxygen in the culture fluid
There is not enough oxygen in the culture fluid
ATP molecules produced during aerobic cellular respiration:
Remain in the mitochondria in which they are formed
are stored in chloroplasts of the same cell in which they are formed
enter the cell's cytoplasm through the membranes of the mitochondria in which they are formed
are distributed by the bloodstream to all cell's in the body
The source of energy that pumps protons across the membrane during aerobic cell respiraton is provided by:
photons of solar energy
The chemical bonds of glucose
ATP, NADH, and FADH2
ADP, NAD+, and FAD
What is produced when there is no oxygen avalible to a plant cell for respiration?
NADH
Ethyl alcohol
lots of ATP
lactic acid
When no oxygen is present in a cell, how many ATP's are produced during respiration?
1
2
36
38
The Krebs Cycle occurs in the ______ and the starting material is _______.
Mitochondrial matrix; ribulose biphosphate
Mitochondrial matrix; oxyacetylene
Inner mitochondrial membrane : RuBP
Inner mitochondrial membrane; oxaloacetate
We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide comes from:
Plucose in plycolysis
NAD+ redox reactions in the mitochondrion
The oxidation of pyruvic acid and acetyl CoA
The breakdown of glucose during fermentation
During fermentation:
Plucose is split into two 3 carbon pyruvic acid molucules
NAD+ is regenerated, allowing glycolysis to continus
Carbon dioxide is always produced
2 molucules of ATP are produced
Fermentation occurs in what location in the cell>
Cytoplasm
mitochondrion
stroma
both a and b
Binary fission refers to to cell reproduction in:
small unicellular eukaryotic cells
all eukaryotic cells
in all prokaryotic cells
in all fungal and plant cells
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during interphase
only when they are being replicated
only during cell division
only during G1 phase
If an intestinal cell in a grashopper contains 24 chromosomes, a grasshopper perm cell would contain _____ chromosomes
6
12
24
48
Chromatids are loined together at the:
centromere
chromatin
kinetochore
centriole
Strands of DNA coiled and wrapped tightly around histones:
are called chromatin
are called chromosomes
appear in dividing cells
both b and c are correct
You would be unlikely to see which of the following human cells dividing?
nerve cell
skin cell
cancer cell
cell from an embryo
Interphase is made up of the following cell cycle stages:
G1, S G2
prophase, anaphase, telophase
G1, M, C
prophase, metaphase, anaphase
Human somatic cells, being diploid, have 2 of each chromosome. A pair of chromosomes which is similar in size and shape is
homologous
a gamete
non-homologous
a somatic cell
The parto of the chromosome where the spindele fibers attach is the
centriole
chromatit
cromatin
kinetochore
Human sex cells have only one chromosome from each homologous pair and are called:
diploid
haploid
non;homologous
sex chromosomes
IN humans, a zygote will develop into a female if the:
sperm and egg both contribute a Y chromosome
sperm and egg both contribute an X chromosome
egg contributes an X chromosome and the sperm contributes a Y chromosome
egg contributes a Y chromosome and the sperm contributes an X chromosome
The longest phase of the cell cycle is:
prophase
anaphase
metaphase
interphase
The condition in which a diploid cell is short one chromosome is called:
monosomy
bisomy
trisomy
quadrosomy
Which phase of mitosis is shown in this picture?
prophase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase
Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body during respiration and typically have a lifespan of months. What is the role of mitosis during respiration?
Allows cells to absorb oxygen from the air
Helps replace cells that re damaged or destroyed
Causes cells to release carbon dioxide
Produces molecules needed to maintain cell structures
As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the original cell during cytokineses
receives a few chromosomes from the original cell
receives an exact copy of all the chromosomes present in the original copy
donates a chromosome to the original cell
receives exactly half of the chromosomes from the original cell
Which of the following happens during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?
DNA replication
spindle fiber formation
cell growth
nuclear division
A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is:
as somatic cell of a male
a somatic cell of a female
a sperm cell
an egg cell
A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids dose it contain altogether?
23
46
92
46 or 92, depending on when in prophase you look
What role do spindle fiber play during mitosis?
they move the chromosomes
they cause the chromatin to condense and form chromosomes
they wrap around the centromere to form the chromosome
they cause the nuclear membrane to disintegrate
Through a microscope you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of the cell and nuclei reforming at opposite poles of the cell. This cell is most likely:
an animal cell in the process of cytokinesis
a plant cell in the process of cytokinesis
an animal cell in the S phase of the cell cycle
a bacterial cell dividing
Which of the following is the correct order of the stages of the cell cycle?
G1--> G2 --> S --> Mitosis --> Cytokinesis
S --> G1 --> G2 --> Cytokinesis --> Mitosis
Mitosis --> G1 --> G2 --> S --> cytokinesis
G1 --> S --> G2 --> Mitosis --> Cytokinesis
Two identical daughter cells exist at the end of:
mitosis
telophase
cytokinesis
interphase
During meiosis, two successive divisions:
result in the formation of two identical cells
cause the formation of a zygote
are responsible for the formation of four haploid cells
must occur before mitosis can form gametes
separation of homologous chromosomes occurs during:
mitosis
meiosis I
meiosis II
fertilization
In humans, somatic cells contain:
22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
1 autosome and 22 sex chromosomes
44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes
45 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
Which stage of meiosis is characterized by the occurrence of crossing over?
prophase I
metaphase I
anaphase I
prophase II
If nondisjunciton occurs:
there will be too many gmetes prouduced
a gamete will receive too many or too few homologous of a chromosome
a tristomy or a monosomy could occur
both b and c
botha a and b
What is the number of chromosomes found in a human gamete?
12
23
46
92
What type of chromosomal mutation is often associated with leukemia's?
deletion
inversion
translocation
nondisjunction
IN human sexual reproduction, a male haploid sperm and a female haploid egg unite to form a(n):
egg cell with 46 chromosomes
zygote with 23 schromosomes
zygote with 46 chromosomes
sperm cell with 23 chromosomes
In oogenesis, a diploid reproductive cell divides to produce
one diploid gamete
four diploid gametes
one haploid gamete
four haploid gametes
The X and Y chromosome are called:
autosomes
sex chromosomes
gametes
somatic cells
What event in meiosis provides a great deal of genetic variation in the offspring of a species?
nondisjunction
crossing over
reduction division
cytokineses
During prophase I:
DNA coils into chromosomes
Spindle fibers disappear
homologous chromosomes separate
both a and b
The diploid number of a cell that has on monosomy is:
23
45
46
47
Meiosis II:
is proceed by the copying of DNA
separates homologous chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell
separates chromatids to opposite poles of the cell
produces haploid offspring
The two sets of chromosomes present in the diploid cells of sexually reproducing organisms are derived from:
the doubling of a haploid cell
the contribution of one haploid set from each parent
DNA replication during interphase
all of the above
Select the CORRECT statements:
Mitosis leads to variation in a species.
Meiosis leads to variation in a species.
Mitosis produces haploid cells used in reproduction.
meiosis produces haploid cells used in reproduction.
Cancer is a disorder in which some cell have lost the ability to control their:
size
rate of cell respiration
reproduction
surface area
During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in development, the cells will become specialized through a process called:
apoptosis
binary fision
cytokinesis
differentiation
Hooke's discovery of cells was made observing:
liking algal cells
living protis cells
living plant cells
dead plant cells
Which of the following is characteristic of eukaryotes?
they have a nucleus
they were found on earth before prokaryotes
they where found on earth after prokaryotes
both a and b
both a and c
A certain cell has a nucleus, mitochondrion, ribosomes, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and other parts. Based on this information it could not be:
a cell from a pin tree
a grasshopper cell
a cell from a mushroom
a bacterial cell
What is the general term for a group of tissue that carry out a common function?
organ
organism
system
tissue
Which of the following is part of the cell theory?
all cells have cell walls
cells come only from other living cells
all cells are prokaryotic
all cells are eukaryotic
A cell membrane is composid of:
cellulose and protein
carbohydrate and protein
lipid and protein
amino acids and proteins
A cell membrane is composed of:
cellulose and protein
carbohydrate and protein
lipid and protein
amino acids and proteins
Surface area is an important factor in limiting cell growth because:
the cell can burst if the membrane becomes too large
materials cannot enter the cell if the surface is too large
the cell may become too large to take in enough food and to remove wastes
waste products cannot leave the cell if the cell is too small
the phospholipid molecules of most membranes haev
a hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail
a hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail
a hydrophobic head and two hydrophobic tails
a hydrophilic head and 2 hydrophobic tails
the dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
endocytosis
Which of the following occurs in phagocytosis?
fluids move into the cell
solid molecules move into the cell
fluids move out fo the cell
solid particles move out of the cell
Which of the following is not true of facilitated diffusion?
it requires a carries protein
it moves substances against a concentration gradients
it requires no energy output
it moves substances along a concentration gradient
placing a plant cell into a hypertonic environment will
cause turgor pressure to increase
cause the plant cell to take in water
cause cytolysis
cause turgor pressure to decrease
a particularly active cell might contain large numbers of:
chromosomes
vacuoles
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
how are chloroplasts similar to mitochondria?
They are both found in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
They are both found in animal cells
They both contain their own DNA
Both a and b
Which type of cell would probably provide the best opportunity to study lysosomes?
muscle cell
nerve cell
bacterial cell
leaf cell of a plant
phagocytic white blood cell
A channel protein that assists with osmosis is a
aquaporin
membrane pump
proton pump
ATP receptor protein
Numerous hairlike organelles that protrude from the surface of a cell and help with movement:
cillia
flagella
microtubules
actin filaments
Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane:
is called osmosis
always involves a carries molecule
requires energy from the cell
occurs from lesser concentration to greater
Which of the following activities of the cell membrane requires energy from the cell?
diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
endocytosis
Which of the following processes includes all others on the list?
osmosis
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
passive transport
Both active transport and facilitated diffusion involve:
movement up (against) the concentration gradient
movement down (with the concentration gradient
carrier proteins
both a and c
When a biologist takes an egg from a fresh water fish and places it in salt water it will probably
swell
shrink
stay the same
Plasmolysis may occur in a plant cell:
in a hypertonic solution
in a hypotonic solution
in an isotonic solution
both b and c are correct
Use of carrier molecules ( channel proteins) to move particle from a region of greater concentration to ar region of lower concentration is called:
osmosis
plasmolysis
active transport
facilitated diffusion
The process by which a cell in the pancreas would release insulin is:
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
indocytosis
exocytosis
The Theory of Endosymbiosis explains the:
differences in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
the differences between chloroglasts and mitochondria
the evolution of the prokaryotic cell from the eukaryotic cell
the evolution of the eukaryotic cell from the prokaryotic cell
Which of the cells below is the result of a hypotonic solution?
The percentages in these diagrams show the concentration of salt in four cells and in the water around each cell. In which diagram will water enter the cell?
Which cell scientist stated that all plants are made of cells?
Matthias Schleiden
Robert Hooke
Theodor Schwann
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
A paramecium is place in a dish that contains distilled water. Which statement descries the cell processes that allow the paramecium to achieve homeostasis?
Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and contractile vacuoles obtain water to maintain homeostasis
Water leaves the cell by osmosis, and the central vacuoles obtain water to maintain homeostasis.
Water enters the cell by osmosis and the contractile vacuoles eliminate excess water
Water enters the cell by osmosis and the central vacuoles eliminate excess water
The form of active transport that is important in the functioning of our nervous system is:
proton pumps
sodium - potassium pump
facilitated diffusion
endocytosis
The interior portion of the cell membrane forms:
a polar zone that allows molecules to pass throught it
a non polar zone that prevents polar molecules from passing through
a non polar zone that allows polar molecules to pass through
a polar zone that prevents non polar molecules from passing through
Which of the following is incorrect when properly storing a microscope?
put the lower power objective in place
raise the stage all the way up
wrap the cord around the base
put the cover over the microscope
During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the molecules will
move across the membrane to the outside of the cell
stop moving across the membrane
continue to move across the membrane in both directions
move across the membrane to the inside of the cell
If a blood cell is placed in pure water:
water diffusing out will dehydrate it
water diffusing in will cause it to burst
carbon dioxide will be unable to diffuse out
cell organelles will diffuse through the cell membrane
Cellulose fibers are present in:
both plant and animal cells
neither plant nor animal cells
animal cells but not plant cells
plant cells but not animal cells
A detailed picture of the inside of a very small can best be obtained from a(n)
light microscope
scanning electron microscope
transmission electron microscope
telescope
Energy for active transport is provided by:
voltage across a cell membrane
an ATP molecule
the sodium-potassium pump
going against the concentration gradient
The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move molecules from one side to the other. What are these channels and pumps made of?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Of the following organelles, which group is involve in manufacturing substances need by the cell?
lysomes, vacuoles, ribosomes
ribosomes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum
vauloes, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum
rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles
Best football team
Auburn
Alabama
Ole Miss
LSU
