Worksheets5.7A Sedimentary Rocks and Fossil Fuels
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 43mins
The diagram above shows the sequence of the process that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
All of these are related to the formation of natural gas and oil EXCEPT....
decomposed animals
decayed plants
sedimentary rock
active volcanoes
The model above shows layers of sediment on an ocean floor. Which of the following can explain how these layers can become rock over many years?
sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock
weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock
changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock
pollution caused by humans turns sediment into rock
Fossil fuels formed over long periods of time after particles in water settled to the sea floor and formed marine mud. What kinds of particles needed to be present in the marine mud in order for fossil fuels to form?
Mostly sand and a few small bits of wood
mostly decaying organisms
mostly lava and a few sedimentary rocks
mostly metal minerals
Students make a model to show first step in formation of sedimentary rock. They pour 2 cm of light colored sand into a clear plastic box. They add 1 cm of gravel. Finally they pour 2 cm of dark colored sand on top of gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model show?
Sedimentary rock is made of layers
Sedimentary rock is made of cemented bits of rock
Sedimentary rock is often limestone
Sedimentary rock is often common in Texas.
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediments grains fall to the bottom lake to form sedimentary layers.
This photo shows plants growing on the surface of a pond. How do plants like these form fossil fuels?
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and get buried by sediment for millions year.
The dead plants get buried for millions of years and forms fossils that attract carbon.
The dead plants sink to the bottom of the pond and are consumed by decomposers.
The dead plants produce carbon that is consumed by fish, which form fossils.
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of sedimentary rock?
Coal, oil, and natural gas are _______________ because they are resources formed over millions of years from the remains of living organisms.
fossils
fossil fuels
organic matter
sedimentary rocks
A flammable liquid produced from remains of marine organisms buried under layers of sediments for millions of years.
coal
oil
natural gas
minerals
The breaking down of rocks into smaller sediments
weathering
erosion
deposition
compaction
The movement of sediments
weathering
erosion
deposition
cementation
Sediments dropping off in a new location
weathering
erosion
deposition
time
The process of layers of sediments gluing together to form a sedimentary rock.
igneous rock
compaction
cementation
deposition
The process of sediments pressing together to form layers.
cementation
compaction
deposition
erosion
Animals are an example of a __________________ because they can be replaced quickly.
renewable resource
nonrenewable resource
natural resource
fossil fuels
Tiny pieces of broken rock
weathering
erosion
sediments
sedimentary rock
Layers of rock formed when sediment is deposited and then compacted and cemented over time.
igneous rock
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock
rock cycle
The waste and remains of plants and animals. This must be present to form a fossil fuel.
living organisms
fossils
organic matter
oil
Force of objects pushing on other objects.
pressure
gravity
friction
motion
Rocks will break down into smaller pieces. What are those pieces called?
Sand
Fossils
Plates
Sediment
A group of students are investigating the formation of fossil fuels. Which is not a factor in the formation of fossil fuels.
Melting, Boiling, and Freezing
Pressure Compaction Heat
Heat and Pressure
Compaction, cementation, and sedimentation
Where does the energy in fossil fuels originally come from?
Sun
Plants and Animals
Organic matter
Water
How long do fossil fuels take to form?
Over thousands of years
Over millions of years
Over hundreds of years
A student finds a sandstone on a hiking trip. He creates the steps it took to create the sandstone.
1. A large rock gets weathered.
2. The sediments are eroded by water
3. The sediments are deposited at a beach
4. ?
5. Sandstone is created.
Which two processes best completes the 4th step?
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
