WorksheetsMs. Clark's Biology Mitosis - Protein synthesis 2022
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 30mins
After mitosis, how many chromosomes do the daughter cells have?
Daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Daughter cells have half of the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
23 chromosomes each
46 chromosomes each
What would happen if mitosis did not occur?
You could not make new cells.
Asexual reproduction would not happen.
All organisms would be single-celled.
You could not repair damaged tissue.
Why does DNA replication occur before Mitosis?
DNA replication is faster than Mitosis.
DNA replication does not occur before Mitosis.
So that the daughter cells have a copy of the DNA and can function properly.
So it does not interfere with the dividing of organelles.
What happens during the S phases that allows M phase to produce 2 daughter cells?
S phase creates spindles that attach to the chromosomes so that M phase can separate them into different daughter cells.
S phase increases the size of the cell so there is enough to divide into two daughter cells.
S phase creates a wall in the middle of the parent cell so that M phases can divide it into two daughter cells.
S phase DNA replication must occur to produce two sets of chromosomes in order for the M phases daughter cells to function properly.
What do you call a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit?
tissue
DNA
differentiation
cell cycle
What is differentiation?
The complete separation of the 2 new cells resulting from mitosis.
The process of a cell changing from one cell type to a more specialized type of cell.
Period of time where a cell carries out cell processes and replicates DNA prior to cell division.
A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information.
What is the advantage of the type of reproduction carried out by bacterial cells?
It only requires one parent cell.
It goes through the cell cycle twice before separating the daughters.
It is fast.
It creates daughters that are genetically different.
Cancer cells do not enter G0 phase. What do cancer cells do instead?
Stay in the G1 phase.
Only go through half of the cell cycle.
Go through Meiosis.
Repeat the cell cycle continuously.
An ordered sequence of events in the life of a eukaryotic cell; process of growth and division is . . .
G1 phase
cell cycle
chromosome
chromatid
The interphase stage of cell cycle where cell replicates DNA is . . .
Checkpoints
S phase
Chromosome
G2 phase
A cell that skips checkpoints and divides uncontrollably is . . .
Cancer
Centromere
Centriole
Checkpoints
The identical diploid cells produced by mitosis are . . .
prophase
patent cells
chromatid
daughter cells
A series of steps in the cell cycle that result in the formation of two new nuclei each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
A phase
M phase
prophase
G1 phase
In DNA replication is . . .
DNA is copied or reproduced.
DNA is destroyed.
DNA is saved.
DNA is not present.
What occurs when an organism makes more of itself without exchanging genetic information with another organism through sex?
Sexual reproduction
growth
Asexual reproduction
development
What directly regulates cell differentiation?
DNA
lipids
carbohydrates
sugars
Why is DNA important for protein synthesis?
DNA carries amino acids.
DNA becomes ribosomes.
DNA contains the instructions for making proteins.
DNA folds into protein chains.
A woman who is a carrier of hemophilia has offspring with a man who suffers from hemophilia. How many of the daughters are predicted to have hemophilia?
none of the daughters
all of the daughters
half of the daughters
a quarter of the daughters
A woman who is a carrier of hemophilia has offspring with a a man who suffers from hemophilia. Which is true about the sons?
all sons will have hemophilia
Sons who have hemophilia got it from their mother.
None of the sons will survive birth.
None of the sons will have hemophilia.
Which of the following most accurately summarizes the effects of mutations on living things?
Most mutations are beneficial and a few are harmful.
Most mutations are harmful, but some have little effect.
About half mutations are beneficial and half are harmful.
Many mutations have little or no effect, but some can be harmful or beneficial.
What may happen to the codon sequence if there is an error in transcription?
The cell dies.
tRNA will become dysfunctional.
The codon sequence will be incorrect.
mRNA will not be able to leave the nucleus.
DNA is double stranded, carries genetic information, and . . .
becomes single stranded when leaving the nucleus
contains the nitrogenous base thymine
contains the nitrogenous base uracil.
contains the sugar ribose
Transcription produces
proteins
Amino Acids
RNA
DNA
Translation produces
RNA
tRNA
DNA
Protein
RNA molecules are single stranded. . .
contain the nitrogenous base thymine
contain the sugar deoxyribose
contain the nitrogenous base uracil
contain the sugar ribose
Allele fro black (B) fur is dominant over allele for brown (b) fur. A brown cat is crossed with a heterozygous black cat. Which genotypic ratios can we expect?
2 BB: 2Bb: 0bb
0BB: 2Bb: 2bb
2BB: 0Bb: 2bb
1BB: 2Bb: 1bb
The offspring of an original albino bat and an original homozygous male mate and create more bats. Many alleles are produced in future generations. What would the parent genotypes need to be to create allele combinations necessary for a 1/4 chance of producing an albino offspring?
rr x Rr
rr x rr
Rr x rr
Rr x Rr
An albino female rat breeds with a homozygous normal brown male rat. What are the percentages of each phenotype?
100% Albino
50% Brown; 50% Albino
100% Brown
75% Brown; 25% Albino
The allele for widow's peak is dominant and the allele for straight hairline is recessive. What is the probability that the offspring will have a widow's peak, if both parents are heterozygous for the trait?
50%
100%
25%
75%
A cell has 40 chromosomes, It goes through meiosis. What is the result?
2 cells each containing 20 chromosomes
4 cells each containing 20 chromosomes
2 cells each containing 40 chromosomes
4 cells each containing 40 chromosomes
Which type of cells contain two copies of each chromosome?
body cells
egg cells
skin cells
sperm cells
If a new mutation appears in a population, it is most likely the result of . . .
exposure to chemicals.
exposure to the environment.
a mutation in a parent body cell.
a mutation of the DNA in a gamete.
Genes contain instructions for assembling. . .
proteins
nucleotides
carbohydrates
chromosomes
What molecule does transcription produce?
DNA
tRNA
messenger RNA
polypeptide chain
Mutations are important to the evolution of a species because they. . .
happen over the long period of time that evolution requires.
cut out and replace damaged or useless genes.
accelerate the transcription rate of DNA
are a source of genetic variability.
Which components are known as the "genetic code"?
hydrogen bonds
deoxyribose sugars
nitrogenous bases
double helix
What directly regulates cell differentiation?
lipids
ATP
DNA
carbohydrates
DNA . . .
codes for proteins.
folds to create traits.
separates into strands that make different traits.
produces energy for growth.
A mutation that occurs in the development of gametes may be transferred to
other cells in the organism.
parent
offspring
mating partner.
Why is DNA important for protein synthesis?
DNA folds into protein chains.
DNA contains the instructions for making proteins.
DNA becomes ribosomes.
DNA carries amino acids.
